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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10894 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on May 08, 2024

Ramalingam Kalirajan has over 23 years of experience in mutual funds and financial planning.
He has an MBA in finance from the University of Madras and is a certified financial planner.
He is the director and chief financial planner at Holistic Investment, a Chennai-based firm that offers financial planning and wealth management advice.... more
Asked by Anonymous - Apr 22, 2024Hindi
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My monthly expenditure is around 1.5 lakh now. How much money would I need to retire after 10 years. I have two daughters around 6 and 1 year old

Ans: Planning for retirement is crucial, especially with dependents to consider. Let's break down your retirement needs:

Current Expenses: Your monthly expenditure of 1.5 lakh will likely change over time due to inflation and changing lifestyle needs. It's essential to account for these factors in your retirement planning.
Dependents: Considering your two daughters, you'll need to plan for their education, marriage, and other expenses. These should be factored into your retirement corpus.
Inflation: Over 10 years, inflation can significantly erode purchasing power. Assume an average annual inflation rate to estimate future expenses accurately.
Retirement Corpus: To maintain your current lifestyle, you'll need a retirement corpus that can generate enough income to cover your expenses, factoring in inflation and other financial goals.
Investment Strategy: Determine the rate of return you expect from your investments over the next 10 years. This will impact the size of the corpus you need to accumulate.
Emergency Fund: Set aside an emergency fund equivalent to 6-12 months of expenses to cover unexpected costs during retirement.
Healthcare Costs: As you age, healthcare expenses may increase. Consider these costs in your retirement planning to ensure comprehensive coverage.
After assessing these factors, consult with a Certified Financial Planner to develop a customized retirement plan tailored to your specific needs, goals, and risk tolerance. They can help you determine the required corpus, suitable investment strategies, and retirement income sources to ensure a financially secure retirement for you and your family.
DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information to be as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision.
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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10894 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Sep 13, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Sep 13, 2025Hindi
Money
Hi, My name is Abhilash and I am at age 34. I have two kids and both are currently age 3yrs. Coming to my financial, I have total 15lakhs in ppf account and 45 lakhs in mutual fund and stock market. 40 lakhs in pf amount. Total 3cr in company stock. Currently monthly income is 2 lakhs and monthly expenses are 1.3lakhs. I want to retire at 45 age and how much I need corpus for rest of life for mr and my family. Is 10cr enough to lead rest of the life
Ans: Abhilash, you are doing very well. By 34, your achievements are remarkable. Having Rs 3 crore in company stock, Rs 45 lakh in mutual funds and stocks, Rs 40 lakh in PF, and Rs 15 lakh in PPF shows great discipline. A monthly saving capacity of Rs 70,000 is also commendable. Very few reach this stage so early. You have strong financial foundation for early retirement planning.

» Understanding your goal
You want to retire at 45. That means you have only 11 years to accumulate. After that, your corpus should support you, your spouse, and two kids. Retirement is a long journey of 40+ years. Your expenses of Rs 1.3 lakh per month today will not remain the same. Inflation will increase costs year after year. Education and marriage of kids will also need big outflows. Healthcare cost in later years can be unpredictable. These factors need careful inclusion.

» Evaluating if Rs 10 crore is enough
At first glance, Rs 10 crore looks like a large number. But we need to view it in today’s rupee value and inflation impact.

– If your current monthly expense is Rs 1.3 lakh, in 11 years (at 6% inflation), it can be Rs 2.5 to 2.7 lakh.
– For 40 years of retirement, that expense will keep increasing.
– Children’s higher education may need separate provision, apart from retirement.
– Marriage costs also need to be factored.

So, Rs 10 crore corpus may sound sufficient today. But in reality, if not planned well, it may not cover all needs over 40+ years.

» Factors that will impact sufficiency
– Inflation: This is the biggest silent risk. It can double costs every 12 years at 6% rate.
– Lifestyle creep: Expenses may rise as standard of living improves.
– Longevity: Life expectancy is rising. You may need to plan till 90.
– Kids’ education and marriage: These are large one-time costs within 15-20 years.
– Medical expenses: Insurance helps, but self-funding is often needed for big costs.

Rs 10 crore corpus may work only if planned allocation is wise and withdrawals are disciplined.

» How to assess your target corpus
Instead of looking at a single number, test it through simulation:
– Project your retirement expenses with inflation.
– Add children’s education and marriage costs separately.
– Estimate medical and lifestyle needs.
– See how long Rs 10 crore lasts under 4% to 5% withdrawal rate.

In many cases, Rs 10 crore may fall short, especially with kids’ education included. A safer target could be Rs 12-15 crore. This gives cushion for uncertainties.

» Strengths in your current portfolio
– Rs 3 crore company stock gives big head start.
– Rs 45 lakh in mutual funds adds diversification.
– Rs 40 lakh PF and Rs 15 lakh PPF provide safety and stability.
– Good monthly income allows surplus saving.

This mix is strong. But high dependence on company stock is a risk.

» Need for rebalancing
Having 3 crore in company stock is heavy concentration.
– If stock does well, your wealth grows fast.
– If stock underperforms, your entire plan may collapse.

It is important to gradually diversify company stock into mutual funds and other instruments. Don’t do it all at once, but phase it out. This protects you against single-company risk.

» How mutual funds help for retirement
Mutual funds provide active management and diversification. They can generate growth better than PF and PPF, which are low-return. For long-term wealth creation, equity mutual funds are better. For stability during retirement, hybrid and debt funds play a role.

» Why actively managed funds over index funds
Index funds look low cost, but they carry limitations:
– They include both good and weak companies blindly.
– They cannot exit underperforming companies until index changes.
– Actively managed funds adjust faster to market cycles.
– Good fund managers add alpha and protect during downturns.

For a 40-year retirement plan, active funds with professional guidance are safer.

» Why regular funds via Certified Financial Planner over direct funds
Direct funds may look cheaper, but they demand deep knowledge and regular monitoring.
– Wrong fund selection can erode returns.
– No guidance during volatility may cause panic selling.
– Regular funds with CFP support give structured reviews and rebalancing.
– The advisory value is far higher than the small cost difference.

For your scale of wealth, professional oversight is necessary.

» Withdrawal strategy during retirement
Corpus is not just about size. Sustainability depends on how you withdraw.
– First 5-7 years expenses can be from debt and hybrid funds.
– Equity funds should remain invested for long-term growth.
– Precious metals can provide hedge during crises.
– SWP from equity funds should be only after building cushion in debt.

This layered approach ensures you don’t face liquidity stress during market downturns.

» How to test sufficiency of corpus
– Calculate your future monthly expenses at retirement age.
– Add children’s education and marriage costs.
– Run projections for 35-40 years.
– Keep inflation and tax in mind.
– Ensure withdrawal rate is within 4-5% of corpus.

If expenses exceed this rate, corpus may finish early. If they are within range, corpus can sustain.

» Tax impact during withdrawals
Equity mutual funds:
– SWP after one year will be treated as LTCG.
– LTCG above Rs 1.25 lakh taxed at 12.5%.
– Withdrawals within one year taxed at 20%.

Debt funds:
– Both short and long term gains taxed as per income slab.

So, design withdrawals in a tax-efficient manner.

» Other important aspects of retirement planning
– Keep strong health insurance for family.
– Build emergency fund equal to at least one year of expenses.
– Do estate planning for children’s future.
– Plan education fund separately so that retirement corpus is not disturbed.
– Diversify away from excess company stock exposure.

This ensures your retirement corpus remains intact for lifestyle needs.

» Steps you can take now
– Fix retirement target closer to Rs 12-15 crore, not Rs 10 crore.
– Start diversifying company stock gradually.
– Increase SIP in equity mutual funds.
– Keep PF and PPF as safety assets.
– Create separate investment for kids’ education and marriage.
– Review portfolio yearly with a Certified Financial Planner.

This will help you stay on track for early retirement.

» Finally
Abhilash, you have built very strong foundation at 34. With your current assets and income, achieving early retirement is possible. But Rs 10 crore may not be fully safe for 40+ years. A better target is Rs 12-15 crore to cover inflation, children’s needs, and lifestyle. Diversifying away from single-company stock is important. Using mutual funds actively managed by professionals and following a disciplined withdrawal plan will protect your retirement life. With careful planning, you and your family can enjoy financial freedom with peace and security.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

..Read more

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Nayagam P

Nayagam P P  |10858 Answers  |Ask -

Career Counsellor - Answered on Dec 16, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 13, 2025Hindi
Career
Hello sir I have literally confused between which university to pick if not good marks in mht cet Like sit Pune or srm college or rvce or Bennett as I am planning to study here bachelors and masters in abroad so is it better to choose a government college which coep and them if I get them my home college which Kolhapur institute of technology what should I choose a good university? If yes than which
Ans: Based on my extensive research of official college websites, NIRF rankings, international recognition metrics, placement data, and masters abroad admission requirements, your choice between COEP Pune, RVCE Bangalore, SRM Chennai, Bennett University Delhi, and Kolhapur Institute of Technology (KIT) fundamentally depends on five critical institutional aspects essential for successful masters admission abroad: global research output and international collaborations, CGPA-based competitiveness (minimum 7.5-8.0 required for top international programs), faculty expertise in emerging technologies, international student exchange partnerships, and proven alumni track records at globally-ranked universities. COEP Pune ranks nationally at NIRF #90 Engineering with India Today #14 Government Category ranking, offering robust infrastructure and 11 academic departments with research centers in AI and renewable energy, though international research collaborations are moderate compared to IITs. RVCE Bangalore demonstrates strong national standing with consistent COMEDK admissions competitiveness, excellent placements averaging Rs.35 LPA with highest at Rs.92 LPA, and established international collaborations through Karnataka PGCET-based MTech programs, providing solid foundations for masters applications. SRM Chennai maintains extensive research partnerships with 100+ companies visiting campus, highest packages reaching Rs.65 LPA, and documented international research linkages through sponsored programs like Newton Bhaba funded projects, significantly strengthening masters abroad candidacy through diverse research exposure. Bennett University Delhi distinctly outperforms others in international institutional alignment, recording highest placements at Rs.137 LPA with average Rs.11.10 LPA, explicit academic collaborations with University of British Columbia Canada, Florida International University USA, University of Nebraska Omaha, University of Essex England, and King's University College Canada—these partnerships directly facilitate seamless masters transitions abroad and represent unparalleled institutional bridges to international graduate programs. KIT Kolhapur records respectable placements at Rs.41 LPA highest with average Rs.6.5 LPA, NAAC A+ accreditation, autonomous institutional status under Shivaji University, and 90%+ placement consistency across technical streams, though international research visibility and foreign university partnerships remain comparatively limited. For international masters admission success, universities globally prioritize bachelors institution reputation, minimum CGPA 7.5-8.0 (Bennett and SRM facilitate this through curriculum rigor), GRE/GATE scores (minimum 90 percentile), English proficiency (TOEFL ≥75 or IELTS ≥6.5), research output documentation, and faculty recommendation quality reflecting institution's research culture—criteria most strongly supported by Bennett's explicit international collaborations, SRM's documented research partnerships, and COEP's autonomous departmental research centers. Bennett simultaneously offers global pathway programs reducing masters abroad costs through articulation agreements and provides curriculum aligned internationally with partner institution standards, representing optimal intermediate bridge structure versus direct masters application. The cost-effectiveness and structured transition support through international partnerships, combined with demonstrated placement success and faculty research visibility, position these institutions distinctly above KIT Kolhapur for masters abroad aspirations. For your specific objective of pursuing masters abroad, prioritize Bennett University Delhi first—its explicit international university partnerships with Canadian, American, and European institutions, highest placement packages (Rs.137 LPA), and structured global pathway programs create seamless masters transitions with reduced costs. Second choice: SRM Chennai, offering extensive research collaborations, documented international linkages, and competitive placements (Rs.65 LPA highest) strengthening masters applications. Third: COEP Pune, delivering strong national standing and autonomous research infrastructure. Avoid RVCE and KIT due to limited international visibility and explicit foreign university partnerships compared to the above three institutions. All the BEST for a Prosperous Future!

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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10894 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Dec 16, 2025

Money
I have 450000 on hand, looking into my kids goingto university in 13 years
Ans: I truly appreciate your clear goal and long planning horizon.
Planning children’s education early shows care and responsibility.
Your patience of thirteen years is a strong advantage.
Having Rs. 4,50,000 ready gives a solid starting base.

» Understanding the Education Goal Clearly
University education costs rise faster than general inflation.
Professional courses usually cost much more.
Foreign education costs can rise even faster.
Thirteen years allows equity exposure with control.
Time gives scope to correct mistakes calmly.
Clarity today reduces stress later.

Education is a non-negotiable goal.
Money should be ready when needed.
Returns are important, but certainty matters more.
Risk must reduce as the goal nears.

» Time Horizon and Its Advantage
Thirteen years is a long investment window.
Long horizons help equity recover from volatility.
Short-term market noise becomes less relevant.
Compounding works better with patience.
This time allows phased asset changes.

Early years can take moderate growth risk.
Later years need capital protection.
This shift must be planned in advance.
Discipline matters more than market timing.

» Role of Rs. 4,50,000 Lump Sum
A lump sum gives immediate market participation.
It saves time compared to slow investing.
However, timing risk must be managed carefully.
Markets can be volatile in short periods.
Staggered deployment reduces regret risk.

This amount should not sit idle.
Inflation silently erodes unused money.
Cash gives comfort, but no growth.
Balanced deployment creates confidence.

» Asset Allocation Approach
Education goals need growth with safety.
Pure equity creates unnecessary stress.
Pure debt fails to beat education inflation.
A blended structure works best.

Equity provides long-term growth.
Debt gives stability and predictability.
Gold can add limited diversification.
Each asset has a specific role.

Allocation must change with time.
Static plans often fail near goals.
Dynamic rebalancing improves outcomes.

» Equity Exposure Assessment
Equity suits long-term education goals.
It handles inflation better than fixed returns.
Active management helps during market shifts.
Fund managers can adjust sector exposure.

Active strategies respond to changing economies.
They manage downside better than passive options.
They avoid blind market tracking.
Skill matters during volatile phases.

Equity volatility is emotional, not permanent.
Time reduces its impact significantly.
Regular reviews keep risks under control.

» Why Actively Managed Funds Matter
Education money cannot follow markets blindly.
Index-based investing copies market mistakes.
It cannot avoid overvalued sectors.
It lacks flexibility during crises.

Active funds can reduce exposure early.
They can increase cash when needed.
They can protect capital during downturns.
They aim for better risk-adjusted returns.

Education planning needs judgment, not automation.
Human decisions add value here.

» Debt Allocation and Stability
Debt balances equity volatility.
It provides visibility of future value.
It helps during market corrections.
It offers smoother return paths.

Debt is important as the goal nears.
It protects accumulated wealth.
It reduces last-minute shocks.
It supports planned withdrawals.

Debt returns may look modest.
But stability is its true benefit.
Peace of mind has real value.

» Role of Gold in Education Planning
Gold is not a growth asset.
It works as a hedge during stress.
It protects during global uncertainties.
It diversifies portfolio behaviour.

Gold allocation should remain limited.
Excess gold reduces long-term growth.
Its price movement is unpredictable.
Moderation is essential here.

» Phased Investment Strategy
Deploying lump sum gradually reduces timing risk.
It avoids emotional regret from market falls.
It allows participation across market levels.
This approach suits cautious planners.

Phasing also improves confidence.
Confidence helps stay invested long term.
Consistency beats perfect timing always.

» Ongoing Contributions Alongside Lump Sum
Education planning should not rely only on lump sum.
Regular investments add discipline.
They average market volatility.
They build habit-based wealth.

Future income growth can support step-ups.
Small increases matter over long periods.
Consistency outweighs size in investing.

» Risk Management Perspective
Risk is not market volatility alone.
Risk includes goal failure.
Risk includes panic withdrawals.
Risk includes poor planning.

Diversification reduces risk effectively.
Rebalancing controls excess exposure.
Regular reviews catch issues early.
Emotions need structured guardrails.

» Behavioural Discipline and Emotional Control
Markets test patience frequently.
Education goals demand calm decisions.
Fear and greed harm outcomes.
Plans fail due to emotions mostly.

Pre-decided strategies reduce mistakes.
Written plans improve commitment.
Periodic review gives reassurance.
Staying invested is crucial.

» Importance of Review and Monitoring
Thirteen years bring many changes.
Income levels may change.
Family needs may evolve.
Education preferences may shift.

Annual reviews keep plans relevant.
Asset allocation needs adjustment.
Performance must be evaluated objectively.
Corrections should be timely.

» Tax Efficiency Awareness
Tax impacts net education corpus.
Equity taxation applies during withdrawal.
Long-term gains get favourable rates.
Short-term exits cost more.

Debt taxation follows income slab rules.
Planning withdrawals reduces tax impact.
Staggered exits help manage tax burden.
Tax planning should align with goal timing.

Avoid frequent unnecessary churning.
Taxes quietly reduce returns.
Simplicity supports efficiency.

» Liquidity Planning Near Goal Year
Final three years need special care.
Market risk must reduce steadily.
Liquidity becomes priority over returns.
Funds should be easily accessible.

Avoid last-minute equity exposure.
Sudden crashes hurt planned education.
Gradual shift reduces anxiety.
Preparation avoids forced selling.

» Inflation Impact on Education Costs
Education inflation exceeds normal inflation.
Fees rise faster than salaries.
Accommodation costs also rise.
Foreign education adds currency risk.

Growth assets are essential initially.
Ignoring inflation leads to shortfall.
Planning must consider future realities.
Hope alone is not a strategy.

» Currency Risk Consideration
Overseas education includes currency exposure.
Rupee depreciation increases cost burden.
Diversification helps partially manage this.
Early planning reduces shock later.

This aspect needs periodic reassessment.
Flexibility helps adjust plans.
Preparation gives confidence.

» Emergency Fund and Education Goal
Education funds should not handle emergencies.
Separate emergency money is essential.
This avoids disturbing long-term plans.
Liquidity prevents panic selling.

Emergency planning supports education planning indirectly.
Stability improves decision quality.

» Insurance and Protection Perspective
Parent income supports education plans.
Adequate protection is important.
Unexpected events disrupt goals severely.
Risk cover ensures plan continuity.

Insurance supports planning discipline.
It protects dreams, not investments.
Coverage must match responsibilities.

» Avoiding Common Education Planning Mistakes
Starting too late increases pressure.
Taking excess equity near goal is risky.
Ignoring inflation leads to shortfall.
Reacting emotionally harms returns.

Chasing past performance disappoints.
Over-diversification reduces clarity.
Lack of review causes drift.
Simplicity works best.

» Role of Professional Guidance
Education planning needs structure.
Product selection is only one part.
Behaviour guidance adds real value.
Ongoing review ensures discipline.

A Certified Financial Planner adds perspective.
They align money with life goals.
They manage risks beyond returns.

» 360 Degree Integration
Education planning connects with retirement planning.
Cash flow planning supports investments.
Tax planning improves efficiency.
Risk planning ensures stability.

All areas must align together.
Isolated decisions create future stress.
Integrated thinking brings peace.

» Adapting to Life Changes
Career shifts may happen.
Income gaps may occur.
Expenses may increase unexpectedly.

Plans must remain flexible.
Flexibility prevents panic decisions.
Adjustments should be calm and timely.

» Final Insights
Your early start is a major strength.
Thirteen years provide meaningful flexibility.
Rs. 4,50,000 is a solid foundation.
Structured investing can multiply its value.

Balanced allocation with discipline works best.
Active management suits education goals well.
Regular review keeps risks controlled.
Emotional stability protects outcomes.

Stay patient and consistent.
Education planning rewards long-term commitment.
Clear goals reduce anxiety.
Prepared parents raise confident children.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

...Read more

DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Investment in securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the related document carefully before investing. The securities quoted are for illustration only and are not recommendatory. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information and as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision. RediffGURUS is an intermediary as per India's Information Technology Act.

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