Sold 2023 flat for 85 lakhs, bought in 2010 for 27: How to calculate long-term capital gain tax?

Ans: Do some online courses that are job oriented and simultaneously look for job in that area. Another option would be to do some full time courses like Executive MBA or other job oriented courses that could help you get a job.

Ans: Yes can. There are people who have started new career at later age - like starting successful business. If you are interested in any field start it as a hobby by doing some courses online. Once you feel that you are interested in it can work part time in it before getting into it full time.

Ans: Dear Anonymous,
It seems to me that you are doing a lot to get her attention and love, but you can try a few more things. You can set up a date with her and take her out for a romantic dinner or a movie. You can go for a drive with her; all of these are to spend some quality time together. If things don't get better even then, I suggest you speak to her openly about this. You are still just engaged and not married. You have the time to rectify this; in case she is not in love with you, this relationship can be reconsidered.

While I understand that falling in love just because you are engaged doesn't happen for all, there should be some level of interest and feelings. It is great that you are trying to put in more effort, but you should also communicate your concerns to her so that there's clarity.

Best Wishes.

Ans: You are 29 years old, with a stable monthly salary of Rs 22,000 and low monthly expenses of Rs 6,000–8,000. Your father’s pension covers household needs, giving you flexibility for investments. Current savings of Rs 5,000 per month (Rs 2,000 in mutual funds and Rs 3,000 in a recurring deposit) is a good start.

Priorities and Recommendations
1. Health Insurance
Health insurance is crucial to safeguard against medical emergencies.

Coverage for Self: Opt for an individual health insurance policy with a sum insured of Rs 5–10 lakh. Look for plans offering cashless treatment, comprehensive coverage, and no claim bonus.

Coverage for Family: If you wish to extend coverage for your parents, consider a family floater plan with Rs 10–15 lakh coverage. However, check premiums and benefits before including senior members.

2. Life Insurance
Term Insurance: A term plan is the most cost-effective option. Choose coverage of Rs 50 lakh to Rs 1 crore to secure your family financially. Premiums for a non-smoker male at your age are low (approximately Rs 5,000–7,000 annually for Rs 1 crore coverage).

Avoid investment-linked insurance policies such as ULIPs or endowment plans, as they offer low returns and inadequate insurance coverage.

3. Building an Emergency Fund
Save at least 6–9 months of expenses in a highly liquid instrument like a savings account, short-term fixed deposit, or liquid mutual fund.
Given your expenses of Rs 6,000–8,000, aim for Rs 50,000–70,000 as an emergency fund.
4. Investment Strategy for Growth
You have significant surplus income after meeting expenses. Allocate it to high-growth investment instruments:

Increase Mutual Fund SIPs:

Increase SIPs to Rs 5,000–6,000 monthly.
Diversify across flexi-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap funds for long-term growth. Suggested categories include:
Flexi-Cap Fund: For diversification.
Mid-Cap Fund: For higher returns over a long horizon.
Small-Cap Fund: Allocate a smaller percentage (10–15%) for aggressive growth.
Recurring Deposit (RD):

RD is low-yield and taxed. Consider redirecting RD savings into mutual funds or a Public Provident Fund (PPF) for better long-term returns and tax benefits.
Public Provident Fund (PPF):

Invest in PPF for a secure, tax-free return (current rate: 7.1%). It’s an excellent long-term savings tool, especially for retirement.
5. Tax Planning
Leverage Section 80C: Maximise Rs 1.5 lakh yearly investment in tax-saving instruments like PPF, ELSS mutual funds, or 5-year tax-saving fixed deposits.

Opt for a health insurance policy to claim benefits under Section 80D (up to Rs 25,000 for self and Rs 50,000 for senior parents).

Suggested Allocation of Rs 10,000 Monthly Surplus
Mutual Funds: Rs 5,000
PPF: Rs 2,500
Emergency Fund: Rs 2,000 (till the fund reaches Rs 50,000–70,000, then redirect to other investments)
Health Insurance Premium: Rs 500–1,000
Final Insights
Prioritise health and term insurance immediately.
Focus on mutual funds and PPF for long-term wealth creation.
Avoid low-ROI options like recurring deposits once current tenure ends.
By maintaining discipline and increasing investment amounts annually, you can achieve financial independence while ensuring your family is protected.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

Ans: Dear Anonymous,
I am not sure how you can approach this relationship. I am sure your wife or her husband will have issues if they come to know of it. I am unsure of any religious rules but from a general perspective, all I can suggest is that you should open up to your wife about this relationship and maybe seek help from a marriage counselor to see what is going wrong in your marriage that you are seeking the same emotions outside of it.

Best Wishes.

Ans: Dear Anonymous,
If you have really decided that you will only marry him, then you should continue trying to convince your parents. Both of you are consenting adults and I am sure you both love each other since you have been together for so many years. Highlight these and any other positive points in your partner to your parents; let them know he is a nice person and he has been committed to you for so long.

I am not sure whether you two broke up for a while or just weren't sure about marriage, but either way, it looks like there was a break in the relationship. So this time around, if you want to rethink the relationship, there is no harm. And if you are not sure what you want, you should take some time to think about it. Don't rush.

Moreover, consider your parent's point of view. Why are they not convinced? Are they seeing something in your partner that you are overlooking because of love? You can ask them for the reason directly and evaluate how reasonable they are.
Hope these suggestions help

Best Wishes.

Ans: Please don't worry. 1) If you want to talk about the mistakes you made, please email the NTA Query Redressal System (QRS) or call the number given. You can just type "NTA Query Redressal System (QRS)" into Google to get the email address and phone number. The email addresses and phone numbers can be found by clicking on the first hit. When you send the email, make sure the subject line has your name and the application number that is on your 10th certificate. Keep your email as proof that you told NTA ahead of time about the mistakes you made on the application form.

2) The NTA will also open the CORRECTION window for two days in the first or second week of December 2025. Sign in to your account on the NTA site and check it often. You are empowered to fix the mistake you made.

2) Some applicants have different names (prefixes and suffixes) on their Birth Certificate, School Certificate, and Aadhar. This will make it very hard for them to fill out the application form and also when they go to the college to finish the admissions process.

3) This is my general advice to everyone who wants to take the JEE (Main) or any other entrance exam: Please check that your name is the same on all three documents: your birth certificate, your Aadhar card, and your 10th grade certificate. It's easy to change your name in Aadhar (based on your 10th grade certificate) because the process only takes one month. Please make sure that none of your names are the same (except for Passport), because the department that issues passports has its own rules about how names should be written. But please make sure that your name is exactly the same on the JEE application, the 10th grade certificate, and your Aadhar card.

I hope this answer clears up your question. Just Focus on your Preparation. All the BEST for your JEE-Main 2025.

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Ans: Your portfolio demonstrates diversification across flexi-cap, mid-cap, multi-cap, and small-cap categories, which is a good starting point for long-term growth. However, there are areas for improvement to enhance risk management and alignment with your retirement goals:

Observations
Overexposure to Small-Cap Funds:

30% of your SIPs are allocated to small-cap funds (Rs 15,000 out of Rs 50,000).
Small-cap funds are volatile and risky, especially for someone closer to retirement. Reducing this exposure is advisable.
Balanced Allocation Missing:

There’s no allocation to hybrid or large-cap funds, which offer stability.
For a retirement-focused portfolio, balancing risk and stability is essential.
Fund Overlap Risk:

Nippon India Multi Cap Fund and Nippon India Small Cap Fund could have overlapping holdings, which might reduce overall diversification.
Good Use of Regular Plans:

Regular plans ensure you receive ongoing guidance from your Mutual Fund Distributor (MFD) or Certified Financial Planner (CFP). This is beneficial for monitoring and rebalancing.
Suggested Asset Allocation
Given your retirement horizon and age (45 years), a balanced approach between equity and debt is prudent. Consider the following allocation:

Equity Funds (70%): Growth-oriented funds, primarily large-cap, flexi-cap, and mid-cap funds, with reduced small-cap exposure.
Debt Funds (30%): Stability-focused funds, such as short-duration or dynamic bond funds, to reduce portfolio volatility.
Suggested Portfolio Changes
Reduce Small-Cap Exposure:

Maintain one small-cap fund, such as Nippon India Small Cap Fund (Rs 10,000 SIP). Exit Quant Small Cap Fund to reduce overlap and risk.
Introduce a Large-Cap Fund:

Add Rs 5,000 to a large-cap fund like SBI Bluechip Fund or ICICI Prudential Bluechip Fund for stability.
Add a Hybrid Fund for Stability:

Use the additional Rs 10,000 to invest in a hybrid fund like HDFC Balanced Advantage Fund or ICICI Prudential Balanced Advantage Fund. These funds offer a mix of equity and debt for lower volatility.
Monitor Multi-Cap Fund Performance:

Keep an eye on Nippon India Multi Cap Fund. If underperformance persists, consider switching to a better-performing multi-cap fund, such as Kotak Multi Cap Fund.

Recommended SIP Allocation (Post Changes)
Flexi-Cap Fund: Continue investing Rs 5,000 in Parag Parikh Flexi Cap Fund for diversified growth across market caps.

Mid-Cap Fund: Maintain Rs 10,000 SIP in Motilal Oswal Mid Cap Fund to capture mid-cap growth potential.

Multi-Cap Fund: Retain Rs 5,000 in Nippon India Multi Cap Fund but monitor its performance. Consider switching if it underperforms consistently.

Small-Cap Fund: Keep Rs 10,000 SIP in Nippon India Small Cap Fund and exit Quant Small Cap Fund to reduce overlap and risk.

Large-Cap Fund: Add Rs 5,000 in a stable large-cap fund such as SBI Bluechip Fund or ICICI Prudential Bluechip Fund for consistent returns with lower volatility.

Hybrid Fund: Allocate Rs 10,000 to a balanced advantage fund such as HDFC Balanced Advantage Fund or ICICI Prudential Balanced Advantage Fund for a mix of equity and debt stability.

General Suggestions
Review Portfolio Annually:
Regularly assess fund performance and rebalance to ensure alignment with your retirement goals.

Shift to Debt Gradually:
Start increasing debt exposure around age 50 to reduce portfolio volatility closer to retirement.

Emergency Fund and Insurance:
Maintain an emergency fund covering 6–12 months of expenses and ensure adequate health and term insurance coverage.

Professional Advice:
Continue investing through a reliable MFD or CFP to adapt your portfolio as per changing market conditions and personal goals.

Final Insights
Your portfolio is promising but needs adjustments to balance growth and risk. Reducing small-cap exposure and introducing large-cap and hybrid funds will add stability and align your investments with your retirement vision.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

Ans: You aim to accumulate Rs 20 crore by retirement (assuming age 60) and sustain a 30-year post-retirement period. Your current financial health is excellent, with no debts, a stable income, and disciplined savings. However, to assess whether your goals are achievable and the sufficiency of Rs 20 crore, let’s examine the following:

Key Assumptions
Time to Retirement: 28 years (till age 60).
Post-Retirement Period: 30 years.
Inflation Rate: 6% per annum (to estimate future expenses).
Investment Returns:
Equity Mutual Funds: 12% annually (post-tax).
Debt Instruments: 6% annually (post-tax).

Step 1: Estimate Future Expenses
Your current monthly expense is Rs 25,000. Considering 6% inflation, the monthly expense will grow significantly by retirement:

At age 60: Rs 1.42 lakh/month (approx).
Annual expense at 60: Rs 17.1 lakh/year.
For a 30-year post-retirement period, Rs 20 crore may suffice with proper withdrawals and portfolio management.

Step 2: Review Current Investments
1. Provident Funds (PF):
Existing corpus: Rs 15 lakh (combining PPF and VPF).
Monthly contribution: Rs 47,000.
Growth potential: Assumed at 7% CAGR.
2. Fixed Deposits (FD):
Current amount: Rs 6 lakh.
Monthly contribution: Rs 20,000.
Growth potential: Assumed at 6% CAGR.
3. Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana (SSY):
Monthly investment: Rs 12,500.
Lock-in: Till daughters turn 18 or 21.
Growth potential: Assumed at 7.6% (current rate).
4. Mutual Funds (MF):
Monthly SIP: Rs 10,000.
Growth potential: Assumed at 12% CAGR.
Step 3: Can You Reach Rs 20 Crore?
With a 5% annual increase in investments, let’s estimate your retirement corpus:

Contributions by Age 60 (Approximate):
Provident Funds (PPF/VPF): Rs 3.2 crore.
Fixed Deposits: Rs 1.2 crore.
Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana: Rs 1.5 crore (depending on daughters' ages).
Mutual Funds: Rs 7.5 crore.
Total Corpus: Rs 13.4 crore (approx).
Gap: Your goal of Rs 20 crore requires an additional Rs 6.6 crore.

Step 4: Bridge the Gap
To achieve Rs 20 crore, consider these adjustments:

1. Increase Equity Exposure:
Currently, equity (MF) comprises a small portion. Shift some fixed-income investments (FDs) to equity funds for higher growth.
2. Review FD Allocations:
FD returns are low after taxes. Redirect a portion of your Rs 20,000 monthly FD allocation to equity funds.
3. Enhance SIPs:
Increase your mutual fund SIPs from Rs 10,000 to Rs 25,000. Even small increases over time can significantly boost your corpus.
4. Annual Step-Up Investments:
Continue increasing investments by 5% or more annually. Regularly review your portfolio to maintain the right equity-debt balance.
Step 5: Post-Retirement Planning
Withdrawal Rate: A safe withdrawal rate is around 3-4% annually. With Rs 20 crore, you can withdraw Rs 80 lakh/year, which accounts for inflation-adjusted expenses.
Portfolio Allocation: Shift 60-70% of your portfolio to debt instruments closer to retirement to reduce risk.

Final Insights
Rs 20 crore is achievable with a higher focus on equity investments and disciplined saving.
Increasing your SIPs and reallocating funds from FDs to mutual funds can bridge the shortfall.
Rs 20 crore should sufficiently support a 30-year post-retirement period, considering inflation.
Consult a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) to monitor and optimise your strategy for consistent progress.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment