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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10872 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jul 08, 2025

Ramalingam Kalirajan has over 23 years of experience in mutual funds and financial planning.
He has an MBA in finance from the University of Madras and is a certified financial planner.
He is the director and chief financial planner at Holistic Investment, a Chennai-based firm that offers financial planning and wealth management advice.... more
Asked by Anonymous - Jun 13, 2025Hindi
Money

Hello Sir, I am 28 years old, currently doing SIP in Nifty 50, Nifty next 50, Midcap 150, Small cap 250 & Microcap 250 index funds for 5K each since past 6 months with around 20k invested in gold & silver through ETFs. No financial goal yet but I want to keep myself financially ready for any adverse situations that may arise. Please suggest portfolio adjustments, if any. Should i add debt exposure to my portfolio through a dedicated Debt MF or through Multi/Dynamic asset allocation fund? I have a long investment horizon and a moderate risk appetite.

Ans: You have started at 28. That’s a very good step. Starting early creates a big difference. You already have SIPs in place. This shows responsibility. Keep this habit going strong.

You are also thinking ahead. Preparing for future uncertainty is wise. It shows maturity. Let’s now assess your portfolio. Let’s explore if changes are needed.

Current Portfolio Assessment

You are investing Rs.25,000 per month. That’s a healthy amount. Here’s what we see:

100% in index-based equity funds.

Rs.20,000 in gold and silver ETFs.

No debt fund allocation yet.

No clear financial goal.

While the intention is good, the design needs improvement. Let’s explore why.

Risks in Full Index Exposure

You are investing in only index funds. This has some problems:

Index funds only mirror the market. They don’t try to beat it.

When the market falls, index funds fall fully.

There is no active management to reduce the damage.

No downside protection during volatile phases.

All your equity money is unmanaged.

Overlap between Nifty 50 and Nifty Next 50 exists.

Even midcap, smallcap and microcap indices have overlap.

These sectors can fall very fast during correction.

You are exposed to market risk without any active protection.

Why Actively Managed Funds Work Better

Fund managers do research and adjust holdings.

They remove weak companies and add strong ones.

They focus on quality businesses.

They have flexibility to hold cash if needed.

They aim to beat the market, not just copy it.

Active funds protect you during market crash better than index funds.

With a moderate risk appetite, you need this protection.

Gold and Silver ETFs – A Note of Caution

It is good that you diversified a bit. But exposure to gold and silver ETFs has limits:

Precious metals don’t give regular income.

They are volatile and depend on global events.

They don’t produce profits like businesses.

Long holding of gold ETFs adds no cash flow.

They are good for small exposure only. Don’t increase beyond 10% of total investment.

The Problem with Direct Plans

If your current SIPs are in direct plans, please note these issues:

No Certified Financial Planner support.

No handholding when the market falls.

No personalised portfolio review.

No behavioural guidance during fear or greed.

No asset allocation advice.

Investors often choose funds emotionally in direct mode.

Direct plans may seem low cost. But the value of advice is missing.

Switch to regular funds through a Certified Financial Planner. You get:

Personalised fund selection.

Asset allocation as per your risk profile.

Ongoing review and rebalancing.

Emotional support during market noise.

Small extra cost brings big value.

You Need Debt Exposure

All-weather portfolios always have some debt. Debt brings:

Stability in falling equity markets.

Liquidity for emergencies.

A steady growth even during volatility.

Peace of mind when markets swing wildly.

Even with long horizon, debt plays a role. It balances emotions and returns.

Debt via Pure Debt Fund vs Dynamic Fund

You asked if you should invest in debt via a pure debt fund or via a dynamic asset allocation fund. Let’s examine both.

Pure Debt Funds:

Invest only in fixed income instruments.

Safer than equity in short term.

Good for emergency fund building.

Good for short-term parking.

But:

Returns are low in long term.

They don’t grow much beyond inflation.

Fully taxed as per income slab.

Still, useful for short-term needs and safety.

Dynamic or Multi Asset Funds:

They shift between equity, debt, and gold.

Provide automatic rebalancing.

Lower volatility than full equity funds.

Ideal for moderate risk profiles.

Better long-term growth than pure debt.

These funds offer flexibility and balance.

You can mix both. Use pure debt fund for safety. Use dynamic fund for medium-term growth.

How to Adjust Your Portfolio Now

Here is a more balanced approach:

Reduce exposure to index funds slowly.

Start SIPs in actively managed funds.

Use regular plans through Certified Financial Planner.

Add dynamic asset allocation fund.

Also include one debt fund for short-term needs.

Reduce gold and silver to below 10% of total.

This gives you:

Growth from equity.

Stability from debt.

Safety from asset mix.

Support from Certified Financial Planner.

Asset Allocation Suggestion

With moderate risk and long horizon:

Equity: 60% to 65%

Debt: 25% to 30%

Gold/Silver: 5% to 10%

Within equity, shift towards active funds gradually.

Investment Without Goal Has Risks

Right now, you don’t have a goal. That is fine. But over time:

Set goals for retirement, house, education, or freedom.

It gives clarity and purpose.

You can plan asset mix based on goal time.

You can track progress better.

Even if unsure now, keep your investments flexible. As your life changes, your investment must support it.

Avoid Overlap in Funds

Investing in too many similar funds creates confusion. You are now in:

Nifty 50 and Nifty Next 50 – both large cap.

Midcap 150, Smallcap 250 and Microcap 250 – all aggressive.

This gives too much exposure to one style. Instead:

Choose one or two active flexicap or multicap funds.

Reduce number of index funds gradually.

This removes repetition and brings true diversification.

Too many funds also make tracking difficult.

Tax Awareness is Important

Tax on mutual fund gains depends on fund type and duration.

For equity mutual funds:

Gains above Rs.1.25 lakh in a year are taxed at 12.5%.

Gains below 1 year are taxed at 20%.

For debt mutual funds:

All gains taxed as per income tax slab.

Plan redemptions wisely. Use Certified Financial Planner’s help for tax planning.

Emergency Fund is Must

Keep 3 to 6 months of expenses in a liquid fund. This gives:

Peace of mind during job loss or medical need.

No forced withdrawal from equity.

Don’t skip this. It is your financial safety net.

Insurance Should Be Kept Separate

Don’t buy investment + insurance plans. Keep term insurance for protection only.

If you have any LIC, ULIP or traditional insurance-linked investment:

Check their actual return.

They are low-yielding.

Consider surrender if they are not serving purpose.

Reinvest proceeds into mutual funds.

Keep insurance and investment separate always.

Behavioural Discipline Matters Most

Even the best plan fails without patience. Market will go up and down. Don’t panic. Don’t celebrate too early.

Stay invested. Review annually with Certified Financial Planner. Avoid reacting emotionally.

Finally

You have made a great beginning.

But full index fund strategy has risks.

Shift slowly to actively managed funds.

Add debt exposure for stability.

Use multi asset or dynamic funds for balance.

Keep direct plans away. Go via regular plans with Certified Financial Planner.

Avoid repeating similar index funds.

Set goals gradually.

Keep your gold and silver exposure small.

Build emergency fund without delay.

Stay disciplined and focused.

This 360-degree view will help you stay ready for life’s uncertainties. You will build true financial strength.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment
DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information to be as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision.
Money

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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10872 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jul 20, 2024

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Thank you very much Sir for your valuable suggestions. I am stepping up my SIPS in every 6 months. My mutual fund portfolio is combined with Quant Small cap/2k, Nippon India Small cap/2k, Motilal Oswal midcap fund/1.5k, Nippon India large cap fund/1.5k, Parag Parakh Flexi cap fund/2k, Nippon India IT index fund/1k. Sir please suggest if it is alright. You have told about Debt fund. Which Debt fund is best for investment right now. Should I exit IT index fund? I would love to hear from you Sir.Thank you.
Ans: You are stepping up your SIPs every six months, which is excellent. Here's a look at your current portfolio:

Quant Small Cap Fund: Rs. 2,000
Nippon India Small Cap Fund: Rs. 2,000
Motilal Oswal Midcap Fund: Rs. 1,500
Nippon India Large Cap Fund: Rs. 1,500
Parag Parikh Flexi Cap Fund: Rs. 2,000
Nippon India IT Index Fund: Rs. 1,000
Portfolio Assessment
1. Diversification:

Your portfolio is well-diversified across small, mid, and large-cap funds. This is good for risk management.

2. IT Index Fund:

IT sector-specific funds can be volatile. Consider exiting the IT index fund. Redirect this amount to a more diversified or balanced fund.

Adding Debt Funds
1. Stability:

Debt funds provide stability to your portfolio. They are less volatile compared to equity funds.

2. Recommended Debt Funds:

Choose debt funds with a good track record and lower expense ratio. Look for funds investing in high-quality debt securities.

Final Suggestions
1. Exit IT Index Fund:

Reallocate the Rs. 1,000 from the IT index fund to a debt fund.

2. Add a Debt Fund:

Invest Rs. 1,000 in a suitable debt fund to balance your portfolio.

3. Continue Stepping Up SIPs:

Your strategy of stepping up SIPs every six months is commendable. It will help you reach your financial goals faster.


Your diversified approach is good, but exiting the IT index fund for a debt fund will add stability. Keep stepping up your SIPs and monitor your portfolio regularly for the best results.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

..Read more

Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10872 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Dec 27, 2024

Listen
Money
Hi , I'm 29 years old and wanna retire by 50 and I'm investing in the below funds. I have 12 lakh invested in this portfolio . PPFAS FLEXI CAP -20000 EDELWEISS MIDCAP 150 MOMENTUM 30 INDEX -20000 MOTILAL SMALL CAP FUND - 20000 QUANT SMALL CAP FUND - 12000 MOTILAL MICROCAP FUND - 8000 IM GONNA GRADUALLY SHIFT TO DEBT FUND and balance fund from age 38 to 50. And I will be sitting on an allocation of 60% debt and 40%equity when I'm 50. Please advise if I need any changes
Ans: Your investment journey is well-structured, and your goal is clear. Let’s examine your portfolio and strategy to ensure your financial goals are met effectively.

Strengths of Your Current Portfolio
Diversification: Your portfolio includes flexi-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap funds. This covers a wide spectrum of growth opportunities.

Disciplined Contributions: Investing Rs. 80,000 monthly reflects strong commitment and financial discipline.

Strategic Shift to Safety: Transitioning to a 60% debt and 40% equity allocation by age 50 is prudent for stability.

Observations and Recommendations
Equity Fund Choices
High Exposure to Small-Cap Funds: Currently, your portfolio leans heavily toward small-cap funds. While they offer higher growth potential, they also carry higher volatility.

Recommendation: Balance the allocation by adding more exposure to flexi-cap or large-cap funds for stability.

Index Fund Limitation: Momentum-based index funds can be restrictive and lack active fund management advantages. Consider switching to actively managed mid-cap funds for better returns in fluctuating markets.

Transition Strategy
Gradual Shift to Debt: Your plan to move towards debt allocation starting at age 38 is logical.

Recommendation: Ensure a mix of long-term debt funds and balanced hybrid funds. This will help manage inflation and provide moderate growth.

Tax Implications: Keep in mind the tax rules for debt and equity funds. Plan redemptions to minimise tax liability.

Additional Financial Strategies
Emergency Corpus
Build a corpus of 6–12 months of expenses before increasing investments further. This ensures liquidity during unforeseen situations.
Retirement Corpus Estimation
Calculate the required retirement corpus based on expected expenses, inflation, and life expectancy. This will confirm whether the current savings rate suffices.
Health Insurance Coverage
Secure adequate health insurance for you and your family. Medical emergencies can disrupt investment plans.
Monitoring and Review
Review your portfolio performance annually. Adjust allocations based on market conditions and financial goals.
Insights on Active vs Index Funds
Disadvantages of Index Funds
Index funds lack the flexibility to adapt during market downturns.
Actively managed funds can outperform benchmarks in volatile markets.
Benefits of Regular Funds
Investing through a Certified Financial Planner and MFD ensures professional guidance. This helps in fund selection and portfolio optimisation.
Final Insights
Your financial plan is on the right track, but adjustments can optimise your results. A balanced equity and debt portfolio, along with periodic reviews, will ensure financial independence by age 50. Stay disciplined, and success is within reach.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP

Chief Financial Planner

www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

..Read more

Latest Questions
Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10872 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 06, 2025Hindi
Money
Dear Sir/Ma'am, I need some guidance and advice for continuing my mutual fund investments. I am a 36 year old male, married, no kids yet and no debts/liabilities as such. I have couple of savings in PPF, NPS, Emergency funds and long term investing in direct stocks. I recently started below mentioned SIPs for long term to grow wealth. Request you to review the same and let me know if I should continue with the SIPs or need to rationalize. Kindly also advice on how to invest a lumpsum amount of around 6lacs. invesco small cap 2000 motilal oswal midcap 2700 parag parikh flexicap 3000 HDFC flexicap 3100 ICICI prudential largecap 3100 HDFC large and midcap 3100 HDFC gold etf FOF 2000 ICICI Pru equity and debt fund 3000 HDFC balanced advantage fund 3000 nippon india silver etf FOF 2000
Ans: You already built a solid foundation. Many investors delay planning. But you started early at 36. That gives you a strong advantage. You have no liabilities. You have long term thinking. You also have diversified savings like PPF, NPS, Emergency funds and direct stocks. That shows clarity and discipline. This approach builds wealth with less stress over time.

You also started systematic investments in equity funds. That is a positive step. Your selection covers multiple categories like large cap, mid cap, small cap, flexi cap, hybrid and precious metals. So the intent is right. You are trying to create a broad portfolio. That gives balance.

» Your Portfolio Composition Understanding
Your current SIP list includes:

Small cap

Mid cap

Flexi cap

Large cap

Large and mid cap

Hybrid category

Gold and Silver FoF

Equity and Debt allocation fund

Dynamic hybrid fund

This shows you are trying to cover many segments. But too many categories can create overlap. When there is overlap, you get confusion during review. It also makes portfolio discipline difficult. You may think you are diversified. But the holdings inside may repeat. That reduces efficiency.

Your portfolio now looks like:

Equity dominant

Hybrid for stability

Metals for hedge

So the broad direction is fine. But simplifying helps in long-term habit building.

» Fund Category Duplication
You hold:

Two flexi cap funds

One large and mid cap fund

One pure large cap fund

One mid cap fund

One small cap fund

Flexi cap funds already invest across large, mid, small. Then large and mid also overlaps. So the large cap exposure gets repeated. That may not add extra benefit. But it increases monitoring complexity.

So I suggest rationalising. Keep one fund per category in core. Keep satellite space for only high conviction.

» Core and Satellite Strategy
A structured portfolio follows core and satellite method.

Core portfolio should be:

Simple

Long term

Stable

Satellite portfolio can be:

High growth

Concentrated

Based on your thinking level, you can structure like this:

Core funds:

One large cap

One flexi cap

One hybrid equity and debt fund

One balanced advantage type fund

Satellite funds:

One mid cap

One small cap

One metal allocation if needed

This division gives clarity. You can continue SIPs with review every year. No need to stop and restart often. That reduces behavioural mistakes.

» Your Current SIP List Review with Suggested Streamlining

You can consider continuing:

One flexi cap

One large cap

One mid cap

One small cap

One balanced advantage

One equity and debt hybrid

You may reconsider keeping both flexi caps and both gold silver funds. One of each category is enough. Because too many funds do not increase returns. It complicates tracking.

Precious metal funds should not be more than 5 to 7 percent in your portfolio. This is because metals are hedge assets. They do not create compounding like equity. They act as protection during cycles. So keep them small.

» How to Use the Rs 6 Lakh Lump Sum
You asked about lump sum investing. This is important. Lump sum should not go fully into equity at one time. Markets move in cycles. So use a staggered method. You can invest the lump sum through STP (Systematic Transfer Plan). You can keep the amount in a liquid fund and set STP toward your chosen growth funds over 6 to 12 months.

This reduces timing risk. It also creates discipline. So your Rs 6 lakh can be deployed gradually. You may use 50% towards core equity funds and 30% toward satellite growth category. The remaining 20% can go into hybrid category. This gives balance and comfort.

» Regular Funds Over Direct Funds
One important point many investors miss. Direct funds look cheaper. But they demand deep knowledge, discipline, and behaviour control. Most investors lose more through emotional selling and wrong timing than they save on expense ratio.

With regular funds through a Mutual Fund Distributor with Certified Financial Planner qualification, you get guidance, structure and correction. The advisory discipline protects you during market extremes. That is more valuable than a small saving in expense ratio.

A personalised planner also tracks portfolio drift, rebalancing need and category shifts. So regular fund investing gives long-term benefit and behaviour coaching.

» Actively Managed Funds over Index or ETF
Some investors choose index funds or ETF thinking they are simple and cheap. But they ignore drawbacks.

Index funds or ETF will not avoid weak companies in the index. They will invest whether the company grows or struggles. There is no fund manager decision making. So when markets are at peak, index funds continue aggressive exposure. In downturns also they fall fully. There is no cushion.

Actively managed funds work with research teams. They can avoid bad sectors. They can shift allocation based on market and economy. Over long term, this gives better alpha and stability. So continuing with actively managed funds creates better wealth compounding.

» SIP Continuation Strategy
Once the rationalisation is done, continue SIPs every month without interruption. Pause and restart behaviour damages compounding power. SIP works best when you go through all market cycles. You benefit more during corrections because cost averaging works.

So continue SIP amount. You can also review SIP increase every year based on income. Increasing SIP by 10 to 15 percent every year helps you reach large corpus faster.

» Asset Allocation Based Approach
One key point in wealth creation is having the right asset mix. Equity gives growth. Hybrid gives balance. Metals give hedge. Debt gives safety. Your asset allocation should stay aligned to your risk profile and time horizon.

Since you are young and have long term horizon, higher equity allocation is fine. But as time moves, rebalancing is important. Rebalancing protects gains and restores allocation.

So review your asset allocation every year or during major life events like child birth, home buying or retirement planning.

» Behaviour Management
Many portfolios fail not due to bad funds. They fail due to bad decisions. Selling during correction. Stopping SIP when market falls. Chasing past return performance. These mistakes reduce wealth.

Your discipline so far is good. Continue to stay patient during volatility. Equity rewards patience and time.

» Financial Goals Clarity
Since you have no children now, you can decide your long-term goals. Typical goals may include:

Retirement

Future child education

Dream lifestyle purchase

Health care reserves

When goals are clear, investment purpose becomes stronger. So you can map each fund category to goal horizon. Short-term goals should not use equity. Long-term goals should use equity with hybrid support.

» Role of Review and Monitoring
Review once in a year is enough. Frequent review can create anxiety. Annual review helps check:

Fund performance

Expense drift

Category relevance

Allocation balance

Then adjust only if needed. This progress helps you stay confident and aligned.

» Taxation Awareness
Equity mutual funds taxation rules are:

Short term (below one year holding) taxable at 20 percent

Long term (above one year holding) gains above Rs 1.25 lakh taxable at 12.5 percent

Debt mutual funds are taxed as per your income slab.

So always hold equity funds for long term. That reduces tax impact and gives better growth.

» SIP Increase Plan
You can create a simple plan to increase SIP over time. For example:

Increase SIP at every salary increment

Increase SIP during bonus time

Use rewards or extra income for investing

This habit accelerates wealth. So by the time you reach 45 to 50 years, your investments could reach a strong level.

» Insurance and Protection
Before investing large, ensure you have term insurance and health insurance. If not already done, it is important. Insurance protects wealth. Without insurance, even a small medical event can impact investment plan. So review this part also. Since you are married, cover both.

» Wealth Behaviour Mindset
You are already disciplined. Just keep these simple principles:

Invest without stopping

Review once a year

Avoid funds overlap

Follow asset allocation

Avoid reacting to media noise

This helps you reach long term milestones.

» Finally
You are on the right track. Only fine tuning and simplification is needed. Your discipline is visible. Your portfolio will grow well with structure, patience and periodic review. Use the Rs 6 lakh with STP approach. And continue SIP with rationalised categories.

With time and consistency, wealth creation becomes effortless and peaceful. You just need to stay committed and avoid overthinking during market movements.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

...Read more

Dr Dipankar

Dr Dipankar Dutta  |1837 Answers  |Ask -

Tech Careers and Skill Development Expert - Answered on Dec 05, 2025

Career
Dear Sir, I did my BTech from a normal engineering college not very famous. The teaching was not great and hence i did not study well. I tried my best to learn coding including all the technologies like html,css,javascript,react js,dba,php because i wanted to be a web developer But nothing seem to enter my head except html and css. I don't understand a language which has more complexities. Is it because of my lack of experience or not devoting enough time. I am not sure. I did many courses online and tried to do diplomas also abroad which i passed somehow. I recently joined android development course because i like apps but the teaching was so fast that i could not memorize anything. There was no time to even take notes down. During the course i did assignments and understood the code because i have to pass but after the course is over i tend to forget everything. I attempted a lot of interviews. Some of them i even got but could not perform well so they let me go. Now due to the AI booming and job markets in a bad shape i am re-thinking whether to keep studying or whether its just time waste. Since 3 years i am doing labour type of jobs which does not yield anything to me for survival and to pay my expenses. I have the quest to learn everything but as soon as i sit in front of the computer i listen to music or read something else. What should i do to stay more focused? What should i do to make myself believe confident. Is there still scope of IT in todays world? Kindly advise.
Ans: Your story does not show failure.
It shows persistence, effort, and desire to improve.

Most people give up.
You didn’t.
That means you will succeed — but with the right method, not the old one.

...Read more

DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Investment in securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the related document carefully before investing. The securities quoted are for illustration only and are not recommendatory. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information and as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision. RediffGURUS is an intermediary as per India's Information Technology Act.

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