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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10873 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jul 18, 2025

Ramalingam Kalirajan has over 23 years of experience in mutual funds and financial planning.
He has an MBA in finance from the University of Madras and is a certified financial planner.
He is the director and chief financial planner at Holistic Investment, a Chennai-based firm that offers financial planning and wealth management advice.... more
Vivek Question by Vivek on Jul 17, 2025Hindi
Money

Hi..... I'm Vivek Kashyap From New Delhi And I've Secured My Seat @ Scaler School of Technology,But Unfortunately The Finance is yet to be Managed and the Deadline to Pay the Fee is 20th July.... My Question is.....That I'd There any option that I can Finance My Education.... B'cuz We aren't Getting Loan From Any Bank Whether it be Govt./Pvt./NBFC.....The Reason Being That My Dad Hasn't Been Filing His ITR....and Also The Papers of Our Asset aren't Registered....So We can't Even Apply for Collateral Based Loans.... So Is it viable to Manage Finance by Somehow.....??

Ans: Your effort to pursue education in technology is praiseworthy. Getting admission is a strong first step. But now, arranging funds quickly and responsibly is crucial. Let’s understand your case in detail and assess every angle.

? Understand the core issue first

– You have secured admission. That’s a solid opportunity.
– But fee payment deadline is very near.
– Traditional loans from banks or NBFCs are not working.
– No ITR from your father makes the process difficult.
– Lack of registered property also blocks collateral-based loans.
– So, regular loan routes are closed at this time.
– We now need to explore alternate ways to manage this.

? Explore co-borrower or alternate guarantor option

– Banks usually prefer parent as loan co-borrower.
– In your case, father’s financials don’t support it.
– But some banks or NBFCs may allow another co-borrower.
– Check if any employed relative with good CIBIL can help.
– Even elder siblings or maternal uncle may qualify.
– If they have stable job and file ITR, they may be eligible.
– Keep all their salary slips, PAN and address proof ready.
– You may try approaching again with alternate co-borrower.

? Approach education-focused finance startups

– There are startups who give loans for skill-based education.
– They may not need traditional collateral or ITR.
– Instead, they evaluate future earning potential.
– But they may charge high interest.
– Ask for detailed terms before applying.
– Don’t go for personal loan at random.

? Ask the college for flexible payment support

– Many institutions offer part-payment plans.
– You can request Scaler to split the fee in 2-3 parts.
– Sometimes, institutes also tie up with education loan partners.
– If they have tie-up NBFCs, check again for eligibility.
– Show your admission letter and explain your problem clearly.
– They may be able to offer extended time.

? Crowdfunding – a short-term possible support

– If you have a strong personal network, try crowd-sourcing.
– Platforms allow you to raise education funds online.
– Create a transparent story and share with known people.
– Don’t depend fully on this unless you have supportive friends/family.

? Don’t rush into informal loan traps

– Avoid private financiers or chit funds.
– They often charge high interest and give pressure.
– Loan sharks and unregistered lenders are risky.
– If you take informal loan, you may end up in debt trap.
– Education should not start with bad debt.

? Work part-time with a clear agreement

– If Scaler offers part-time work-study plan, consider it.
– But don’t take up any job that affects your studies.
– Clarify time commitment and money earned in advance.
– Combine this with staggered payment plan from institute.

? Liquidate or borrow against family gold as a last resort

– If family owns some gold jewellery, pledge it for loan.
– Don’t sell gold. Take gold loan from trusted bank or NBFC.
– They disburse money fast, and interest is moderate.
– Try to keep tenure short. Repay soon after starting job.

? Personal loan under someone else’s name

– If father’s ITR is unavailable, try using family friend’s help.
– They can take personal loan under their name.
– Then give you the money with mutual trust.
– Repay them once you start earning.
– This needs a very strong bond and clear repayment promise.

? Speak to local cooperative banks again

– Some cooperative banks or societies are more flexible.
– They may not strictly follow national bank norms.
– Go with all your documents and co-borrower’s details.
– Speak directly to branch manager, not just clerk.
– A detailed and humble request often helps.

? Structure the funding with clear timeline

– Break down your total fee into parts.
– Find how much you can arrange yourself.
– Add how much friends or relatives can help.
– Then match the gap with gold loan or other option.
– Keep repayment plan ready and realistic.

? Don’t sacrifice long-term peace for short-term entry

– Education is important. But not at financial risk.
– Do not agree to any loan without understanding charges.
– Some informal lenders give quick money but exploit later.
– Protect your family and yourself from such burdens.

? Keep documents ready for next year loan

– Once your father starts filing ITR, you can apply for next-year loan.
– Get this year’s fee managed somehow.
– From next year, plan with formal bank options.
– Also, build your CIBIL score and bank history.
– That will help in future credit needs.

? After education starts – manage money smartly

– Keep expense list and monthly tracking.
– Avoid credit cards or EMI traps.
– Build discipline with small savings.
– Start an emergency fund slowly.
– Once job starts, clear education dues fast.

? Role of Certified Financial Planner

– In future, connect with a CFP to guide your financial journey.
– A CFP can help you invest, save and plan for goals.
– They bring discipline and help avoid mistakes.
– After starting your job, meet one to build wealth properly.

? Finally

– Your aim to study is clear and sincere.
– It’s good that you are seeking solutions early.
– Selling assets or rushing for random loans is not right.
– Explore responsible, step-by-step solutions first.
– Use gold loan or structured part payment only if very necessary.
– Avoid all informal loans or high-interest private loans.
– Stick with formal and planned steps.
– You will surely achieve your goal soon.
– Stay calm and act wisely.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment
DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information to be as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision.
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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10873 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Sep 02, 2024

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Money
My education loan 7.5 lakh is cancelled due to low cibil score of co- borrower ( father) how can i get... Education loan Instantly
Ans: You were looking forward to getting an education loan of Rs. 7.5 lakh. Unfortunately, the loan was canceled because of your co-borrower’s low CIBIL score. I understand how crucial this loan is for your education. Let's explore the steps you can take to secure the required funds.

Assessing the CIBIL Score Impact
CIBIL Score Role: The CIBIL score is critical for loan approvals. Banks rely on it to assess the risk associated with lending money. A low score of your co-borrower indicates a higher risk, leading to loan rejection.

Focus on Your Own Score: If your own CIBIL score is good, you can reapply with yourself as the primary applicant. Sometimes, banks may overlook the co-borrower’s score if the primary applicant has a strong credit history.

Exploring Alternative Co-Borrowers
Consider Another Co-Borrower: If possible, consider another family member with a good CIBIL score as the co-borrower. A better score improves the chances of loan approval significantly.

Involving a Guarantor: Some banks allow adding a guarantor instead of a co-borrower. A guarantor with a strong credit history can enhance your loan eligibility.

Approaching Different Lenders
Public Sector Banks: Public sector banks are generally more lenient with education loans. They may have different criteria, so it’s worth applying to a few of them.

NBFCs: Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) are another option. They may offer education loans with more flexible terms, even if the CIBIL score isn’t perfect.

Private Lenders: Some private lenders specialize in education loans and may consider your overall profile rather than just the CIBIL score. However, interest rates might be higher.

Government Schemes and Subsidies
Government Schemes: Look into government schemes like the Credit Guarantee Fund Scheme for Education Loans (CGFSEL). This scheme reduces the risk for banks, making them more willing to lend.

Interest Subsidies: If you meet certain criteria, you may be eligible for interest subsidies under various government schemes. This could make it easier to secure a loan.

Improving the Loan Application
Re-Check Documents: Ensure all documents are complete and accurate. Incomplete or incorrect documentation can lead to loan rejection.

Highlight Academic Performance: Emphasize your academic achievements and future potential in the application. A strong academic profile can sometimes compensate for a co-borrower’s low CIBIL score.

Consider Collateral: If you have any assets, offering collateral can strengthen your loan application. Secured loans are less risky for banks and might be approved even if the CIBIL score is low.

Immediate Financial Alternatives
Personal Loans: If time is of the essence, you can consider applying for a personal loan. Though interest rates might be higher, it can provide immediate funds for your education.

Family Loans: Consider borrowing from family members. It can be a quick and interest-free solution, although it requires clear communication and repayment terms.

Crowdfunding: Crowdfunding platforms can also be an option. If you have a compelling story and clear goals, you might be able to raise funds for your education through donations.

Final Insights
Do Not Get Discouraged: The rejection due to a low CIBIL score is just a temporary setback. There are multiple other avenues to explore.

Explore Multiple Options: Don't rely on a single lender. Apply to multiple banks, NBFCs, and even explore government-backed schemes to increase your chances.

Long-Term Planning: While securing funds immediately is crucial, consider working on improving the CIBIL score of the co-borrower. This could help in future financial needs as well.

Consult a Certified Financial Planner: Before making any decisions, consult with a Certified Financial Planner. They can help tailor the right financial strategy for your situation and guide you through the process.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

..Read more

Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10873 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Sep 23, 2024

Asked by Anonymous - Sep 23, 2024Hindi
Money
Respected sir My Family is stuckin informal loan of about 25lac rupees We have monthly income of about 45000 but the interest paid monthly is worth 1-2 lacs... Principle amount also required to be given after some time... The monthly exorbitant interest rate cause us to borrow more and more.... We've decided to get loan against property so as to consolidate the loan amount...and relieve ourselves from the informal borrowings... But the bank is now asking for Guarantors... And ITR of about 5-6 lacs... And 6 month bank account statement.. My Family works informally though... And iam 19 college student preparing for UPSC... Who due to all these problems is facing stress day and night... Please help!!!
Ans: You are currently facing a difficult financial situation where your family is caught in a debt cycle due to informal loans. This has created a tremendous burden on you as a 19-year-old student. You are planning to consolidate the debt using a loan against property (LAP), but you are facing issues with the bank's requirements for ITRs, guarantors, and bank statements. Let me provide a structured approach to help you handle this situation more effectively.

Understanding the Current Debt Situation
The debt burden is overwhelming, especially with monthly interest payments ranging between Rs 1-2 lakhs. This is an exorbitant rate compared to your monthly family income of Rs 45,000.

You are in a vicious cycle where borrowing more is necessary to meet interest payments. This is dangerous and unsustainable.

It’s important to stop this cycle as soon as possible to prevent further financial damage. Consolidating the loan under more reasonable terms can be a potential solution.

Evaluating Loan Against Property (LAP)
You are planning to consolidate the Rs 25 lakh loan by taking a loan against property. LAP can be a good option because it allows you to access funds at a much lower interest rate compared to informal loans.

The main challenge you are facing with the LAP is that the bank is asking for guarantors, ITRs (Income Tax Returns) of Rs 5-6 lakhs, and a six-month bank account statement.

Since your family works informally and does not have a formal ITR, you are facing difficulties meeting these criteria. The good news is that there may be alternative ways to meet the bank’s requirements.

Alternative Solutions for Loan Consolidation
While the LAP is a good solution, there are other alternatives that you can explore:

1. Negotiating with Lenders:

If possible, try to negotiate with your informal lenders to lower the interest rate or extend the loan term.

Explain your financial situation to them. Sometimes, informal lenders are willing to adjust terms when they realize that the borrower cannot keep up with the current terms.

Focus on stabilizing the loan by reducing the monthly interest payments. This will allow you to focus on repaying the principal rather than spiraling into more debt.

2. Approach Microfinance Institutions:

Microfinance institutions often provide loans to individuals without formal income proof or ITRs. These institutions have more relaxed lending criteria and are focused on helping low-income individuals.

Microfinance loans come with lower interest rates than informal loans, though they may still be higher than bank loans.

You can use the microfinance loan to pay off the high-interest informal loans and consolidate your debt at a more manageable interest rate.

3. Consider Peer-to-Peer Lending Platforms:

Peer-to-peer lending platforms can be another option. These platforms connect borrowers directly with individual lenders, and the lending criteria are often more flexible than banks.

These platforms generally require some basic financial information but are more accessible for individuals without formal income proof.

The interest rates on peer-to-peer lending platforms are usually lower than those of informal loans but higher than traditional bank loans.

4. Seek Help from Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs):

NBFCs often have more lenient criteria compared to traditional banks. They may be more willing to provide loans against property without strict ITR or guarantor requirements.

You can approach NBFCs to see if they can offer you a loan at a reasonable interest rate. NBFC loans may still have higher rates than banks, but they are a far better option than informal loans.

5. Family and Friends Support:

If possible, reach out to trusted family members or friends for a loan. Borrowing from family and friends can offer you an interest-free or low-interest alternative to paying exorbitant informal loan interest rates.

Make sure to formalize the loan terms even when borrowing from family and friends, to maintain transparency and avoid future conflicts.

Building a Financial Strategy
1. Prioritize Interest Payments:

Your immediate focus should be on stopping the high-interest payments. This is draining your family’s monthly income and leaving no room for savings or principal repayment.

Once you consolidate your debt under a lower interest rate, you will free up cash flow to start paying off the principal amount.

2. Create a Budget and Track Expenses:

It is important to know exactly how much your family is earning and where the money is going.

Create a budget that includes all necessary expenses, and try to cut down on unnecessary spending. The more you can save, the more you can allocate toward repaying the loan.

3. Build an Emergency Fund:

Once your debt burden is reduced, focus on building a small emergency fund to prevent future borrowing.

Even a small amount, like Rs 5,000 a month, can help build a cushion for emergencies, which will prevent you from taking more informal loans in the future.

4. Increase Income Opportunities:

If possible, your family could consider increasing their income by taking up additional work or exploring side businesses. Even a small increase in monthly income can make a big difference when trying to pay off debt.

You, too, may explore part-time or freelance work while studying for UPSC. This will help alleviate some of the financial pressure on the family and give you more control over your situation.

Coping with Stress and Mental Health
It’s completely understandable that you are feeling overwhelmed by this situation. The stress of family financial problems, combined with your UPSC preparations, can feel unbearable at times.

It’s important to prioritize your mental health and well-being. Consider talking to a counselor or therapist if you’re finding it hard to cope.

Try to manage your stress through healthy habits like exercise, meditation, or talking to someone you trust. Your long-term goal is to clear UPSC, and you must stay mentally and physically healthy for that.

Make sure to take small breaks from your studies and financial stress. Find time to engage in activities that help you relax and recharge.

Seeking Professional Help
While I understand that hiring a financial expert may not be affordable at this time, it might be worth consulting with a certified financial planner (CFP) for a one-time session. They can help you structure a repayment plan and possibly negotiate with lenders.

Some financial experts offer free or low-cost services for individuals in financial distress. You can explore these options for a professional assessment of your situation.

Finally
Your decision to consolidate the loan through a loan against property is wise. However, if the bank’s requirements are too strict, consider alternative solutions such as microfinance institutions, peer-to-peer lending platforms, or NBFCs.

Start by prioritizing the reduction of monthly interest payments and creating a clear repayment plan for the principal.

At the same time, focus on budgeting, increasing income opportunities, and building a financial buffer to prevent future debt cycles.

Remember to take care of your mental health. Financial stress can be overwhelming, but with the right plan, you can overcome it step by step.

Stay focused on your UPSC preparation. Your long-term success will greatly improve your family's financial future.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/holistic_investment_planners/

..Read more

Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10873 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Aug 20, 2025

Money
Pls help me repay my education loan I'm current take home is 1,11,000. My education loan is around 30 lacs. My total expense in a month including rent, food, transport comes to around 40k. I invest 15-20k each in month in stocks and keep aside 10k in savings fund and 5k in emergency fund. How should I pay off my education loan?
Ans: You are doing very well. Your income is good. Your savings habit is consistent. Your clarity of monthly expenses is strong. Your focus on investments even during loan repayment is appreciable. Many people miss this balance, but you have shown maturity. Let me now guide you on a structured path to repay your education loan while keeping financial growth steady.

» Current Income and Expense Position
– Your monthly take home is Rs.1,11,000.
– You spend about Rs.40,000 for lifestyle and needs.
– That leaves you with Rs.71,000 surplus each month.
– From this, you are investing 15–20k in stocks, 10k in savings, and 5k in emergency fund.
– So, Rs.30–35k is invested or saved monthly.
– Remaining Rs.35–40k is still flexible for allocation.
– This is a strong base to handle both debt and wealth.

» Understanding the Loan Pressure
– Your education loan is Rs.30 lakhs.
– Interest on such loans keeps growing if not tackled fast.
– Longer tenure increases your repayment burden.
– Faster repayment reduces both stress and cost.
– But you should not only focus on loan and ignore future wealth.
– Both need balance for stability and growth.

» Balancing Loan Repayment and Investment
– Many people stop investing until loan is cleared.
– That is risky because they lose compounding years.
– You are wisely investing alongside.
– But allocation needs refinement.
– Debt clearance must move a little faster.
– Investments should continue, but in planned categories.
– The right mix will bring freedom and growth together.

» Emergency Fund Priority
– You keep Rs.5,000 aside every month.
– This is a healthy step.
– Emergency fund should cover at least 6 to 9 months of expenses.
– That means around Rs.3 to 3.6 lakhs for you.
– Continue building until you reach this buffer.
– Once target is achieved, stop fresh allocation.
– Divert that Rs.5,000 to loan repayment later.

» Savings Fund Evaluation
– You put Rs.10,000 in a savings fund.
– Normal savings accounts give very low returns.
– Inflation eats into this value silently.
– Instead, channel that Rs.10,000 to short-term debt mutual funds.
– They are liquid, and taxation is as per slab.
– These can be used as parking ground before big repayments.
– They give better balance than idle savings account.

» Stock Investment Review
– You are investing 15–20k monthly in stocks.
– Direct stocks need expertise, patience, and monitoring.
– Risk is high if handled without research.
– Market volatility can affect your repayment comfort.
– Active mutual funds managed by experts are safer for you.
– They provide diversification and professional management.
– Unlike index funds, active funds can outperform benchmarks.
– Index funds don’t protect from downside risk and give only average returns.
– For a person with loan burden, active management support is better.
– This reduces stress and brings disciplined compounding.

» Regular vs Direct Investment
– Many people get attracted to direct mutual funds.
– They look cheaper due to lower expense ratio.
– But direct funds need continuous monitoring.
– Many investors don’t review regularly and underperform.
– Regular plans through an MFD guided by a CFP provide structured review.
– You get handholding and portfolio rebalancing.
– This brings higher long-term benefit than small savings in expense ratio.
– For someone balancing loan and wealth, regular plans give clarity.

» Allocating Surplus Towards Loan
– Out of Rs.71,000 surplus, commit Rs.40,000 monthly for loan.
– This extra push will reduce tenure significantly.
– Don’t put all surplus only in loan.
– Keep Rs.15,000–20,000 for investments in mutual funds.
– Emergency fund continues until target is reached.
– This way loan falls faster, yet wealth continues to grow.

» Tax Benefits Consideration
– Education loan interest has tax deduction under section 80E.
– Use this benefit during repayment period.
– But don’t stretch repayment only for tax benefit.
– Interest saving is more important than tax saving.
– Higher EMI reduces future interest and keeps you debt free sooner.

» Lifestyle Management for Faster Repayment
– Your expenses are Rs.40,000 monthly.
– This is reasonable, but some trimming is possible.
– Small cut in discretionary spending can free Rs.5,000 more.
– That amount can strengthen your repayment plan.
– Each small step compounds into big impact over years.

» Psychological Relief in Debt Reduction
– Loan is not only financial, but also emotional.
– Every extra EMI brings freedom closer.
– Once balance drops, your confidence rises.
– This emotional relief improves focus on wealth creation later.
– You get stronger discipline and long-term peace.

» Building Wealth Alongside Loan Repayment
– Do not stop mutual fund SIPs while paying loan.
– Even Rs.10,000 SIP grows huge in long term.
– Active equity funds managed well can beat inflation strongly.
– This ensures that when loan ends, wealth foundation is ready.
– Debt-free and wealth-positive status brings financial independence faster.

» Reviewing Investments Annually
– Do not set and forget investments.
– Review portfolio once a year with a Certified Financial Planner.
– Adjust allocation between debt and equity based on progress.
– Rebalancing maintains risk control.
– Professional guidance ensures your loan and wealth both move in harmony.

» Insurance Protection Importance
– Loan repayment needs protection through term insurance.
– If something happens, family should not face burden.
– Don’t mix insurance with investment.
– Only pure term plan with adequate coverage is needed.
– Keep coverage at least 10 times annual income.
– This ensures peace of mind during repayment years.

» Career Growth Factor
– Your income is already good.
– But steady increments and skill upgrades matter.
– Higher income accelerates repayment and savings both.
– Invest in learning and certifications that bring salary growth.
– This adds extra strength to your plan.

» Discipline and Patience in Execution
– Plan only works if followed consistently.
– Avoid temptation of overspending during bonuses.
– Extra income should first target loan part-payment.
– Discipline ensures you are debt free much earlier.
– Patience in mutual fund investment brings compounding magic.

» Taxation on Future Redemptions
– Be aware of new tax rules on mutual funds.
– Equity mutual funds LTCG above Rs.1.25 lakh is taxed at 12.5%.
– STCG is taxed at 20%.
– Debt mutual funds taxation is as per income slab.
– Keep this in mind while planning future redemptions.
– Plan redemptions smartly to reduce tax impact.

» Final Insights
– You are already on right track with surplus discipline.
– Shift Rs.10,000 from savings account to better short-term fund.
– Build emergency fund until 9 months cover is ready.
– Then redirect that Rs.5,000 also to loan.
– Dedicate Rs.40,000 monthly for loan repayment.
– Continue Rs.15,000–20,000 in active mutual funds.
– Maintain insurance safety to protect loan years.
– Review annually with a Certified Financial Planner.
– Stay disciplined, reduce debt faster, and create wealth steadily.
– With consistent focus, you will repay loan well and build strong future.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

..Read more

Latest Questions
Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10873 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Dec 08, 2025

Money
Hello my name is saket, I monthly salary is 43k and my saving is zero. My Rent is 15 k and 10 k i send to my parents. How can i save money and investments.
Ans: 1. Your Current Monthly Numbers

Salary: Rs 43,000

Rent: Rs 15,000

Support to parents: Rs 10,000

Left with: Rs 18,000 for food, travel, bills, and savings

You have very little room, but saving is still possible if done smartly.

2. First Step: Build a Small Emergency Buffer

You must build Rs 10,000 to Rs 20,000 emergency money.
This protects you from taking loans for small issues.

How to build it:

Save Rs 3,000 to Rs 5,000 every month in a simple bank savings account

Do this for the next few months

Don’t touch it unless truly needed

3. Create a Mini Budget (Very Simple One)

Try this split from the remaining Rs 18,000:

Daily living (food + transport): Rs 10,000 – 11,000

Personal expenses (phone, internet, basics): Rs 3,000 – 4,000

Savings + investments: Rs 3,000 – 5,000

If this feels difficult, reduce food/transport costs by small adjustments.

4. Where to Invest Once You Have Emergency Money

(For minors: This is general education. For actual investing, get guidance from a trusted adult or family member.)

After you build emergency money, start small monthly investing.

You can begin with:

Rs 1,000 to Rs 2,000 SIP in a simple, diversified equity fund

Increase the SIP whenever salary increases or expenses reduce

Avoid complicated products.
Keep it simple.
Focus on consistency.

5. Easy Practical Ways to Increase Saving

These small moves help a lot:

Avoid food delivery

Use public transport as much as possible

Reduce subscriptions you don’t use

Fix a daily expense limit

Keep a separate bank account only for savings

Even Rs 200 saved daily = Rs 6,000 monthly.

6. Increase Income Slowly

Try small income boosters:

Weekend tutoring

Freelancing

Part-time projects

Selling old gadgets

Learning new skills for future salary growth

Even Rs 3,000 extra income changes your savings life.

7. Build the Habit First

The amount doesn’t matter in the beginning.
The habit matters more.

Even saving Rs 500 every month is better than zero.
Once salary grows, you will already know how to save.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

...Read more

Nayagam P

Nayagam P P  |10852 Answers  |Ask -

Career Counsellor - Answered on Dec 07, 2025

Career
Hello, I’m a student who recently joined the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita University. I’m aiming for a strong academic foundation and a clear career path. Could you please guide me on the following: How good is this course for research careers or higher studies (IISc, IITs, abroad)? What are the placement prospects after Integrated M.Sc Physics at Amrita? Does the program help in preparing for alternate options like UPSC, CDS/AFCAT, or technical roles? What skills (coding, research projects, certifications) should I start early to make the most of this degree?
Ans: Sree, Program Overview and Academic Foundation: Congratulations on joining the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita University. This five-year integrated program represents a rigorous pathway designed to equip you with advanced theoretical and experimental physics knowledge combined with cutting-edge scientific computing skills. The curriculum uniquely integrates a minor in Scientific Computing, which adds substantial computational capability to your profile—a critical advantage in today's research and professional landscape. The program incorporates comprehensive coursework spanning classical mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, statistical physics, advanced laboratory work, and specialized topics in materials physics, optoelectronics, and computational methods, positioning you excellently for both research and professional careers.
Research Career Prospects: IISc, IITs, and Beyond: For research-oriented careers, the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita provides an exceptional foundation. Amrita's curriculum specifically aligns with GATE and UGC-NET examination syllabi, and the institution emphasizes early research engagement. The faculty at Amrita actively publish research in Scopus-indexed journals, with over 60 publications in international venues within the past five years, exposing you to active research environments.
To pursue research at premier institutions like IISc, you would typically follow the PhD pathway. IISc accepts M.Sc graduates through their Integrated PhD programs, and with your Amrita M.Sc, you're eligible to apply. You'll need to qualify the relevant entrance examinations, and your integrated program's emphasis on research fundamentals provides strong preparation. The final year of your Integrated M.Sc is intentionally structured to be nearly free of classroom commitments, enabling engagement with research projects at institutes like IISc, IITs, and National Labs. According to Amrita's data, over 80% of M.Sc Physics students secured internship offers from reputed institutions during academic year 2019-20, directly facilitating research career transitions.
Placement and Direct Employment Opportunities: Amrita University boasts a comprehensive placement ecosystem with strong corporate and government sector connections. According to NIRF placement data for the Amrita Integrated M.Sc program (5-year), the median salary in 2023-24 stood at ?7.2 LPA with approximately 57% placement rate. However, these figures reflect general placement trends; physics graduates often secure higher packages in specialized technical roles. Many graduates join software companies like Infosys (with early offers), Google, and PayPal, where their strong analytical and computational skills command competitive compensation packages ranging from ?8-15 LPA for entry-level positions.
The Department of Corporate and Industrial Relations at Amrita provides intensive three-semester life skills training covering linguistic competence, data interpretation, group discussions, and interview techniques. This structured placement support significantly enhances your employability in both government and private sectors.
Government Sector Opportunities: UPSC, BARC, DRDO, and ISRO: Your M.Sc Physics degree opens multiple avenues for prestigious government employment. UPSC Geophysicist examinations explicitly list M.Sc Physics or Applied Physics as qualifying degrees, enabling you to compete for Group A positions in the Geological Survey of India and Central Ground Water Board. The age limit for geophysicist positions is 32 years (with relaxation for reserved categories), and the exam comprises preliminary, main, and interview stages.
BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre) actively recruits M.Sc Physics graduates as Scientific Officers and Research Fellows. Recruitment occurs through the BARC Online Test or GATE scores, with positions in nuclear science, radiation protection, and atomic research. BARC Summer Internship programs are available, offering ?5,000-?10,000 monthly stipends with opportunity for future scientist recruitment.
DRDO (Defense Research and Development Organization) recruits M.Sc Physics graduates through CEPTAM examinations or GATE scores for roles involving defense technology, weapon systems, and laser physics research. ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) regularly advertises scientist/engineer positions through competitive recruitment for candidates with strong physics backgrounds, offering opportunities in satellite technology and space science applications.
Other significant employers include the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) recruiting as scientific officers, and NPCIL (Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited), offering stable government service with competitive compensation packages exceeding ?8-12 LPA for scientists.
Alternate Career Pathways: UPSC, CDS, and AFCAT: UPSC Civil Services (IFS - Indian Forest Service): M.Sc Physics graduates qualify for UPSC Civil Services examinations, with the forest service offering opportunities for science-based administrative roles with potential to reach senior government positions.
CDS/AFCAT (Armed Forces): While AFCAT meteorology branches specifically require "B.Sc with Maths & Physics with 60% minimum marks," the technical branches (Aeronautical Engineering and Ground Duty Technical roles) require graduation/integrated postgraduation in Engineering/Technology. An M.Sc Physics integrates well with technical qualifications, though you would need engineering background for direct officer entry. However, you remain eligible for specialized technical interviews if applying through alternate defence channels.
UGC-NET Examination: This pathway leads to Assistant Professor positions in central universities and colleges across India. NET-qualified candidates receive scholarships of ?31,000/month for 2-year JRF positions with PhD pursuit, transitioning to Assistant Professor salaries of ?41,000/month in government institutions. This route provides long-term academic career security with research opportunities.
Private Sector Technical Roles
M.Sc Physics graduates are increasingly valued in data science, software engineering, and technical consulting. Companies actively recruit physics graduates for software development, where strong problem-solving and logical reasoning translate to competitive packages of ?10-20 LPA. Specialized domains including quantum computing development, financial modeling, and scientific computing offer premium compensation. Your minor in Scientific Computing makes you particularly attractive to technology companies requiring computational expertise.
International Opportunities and Higher Studies Abroad
An M.Sc from Amrita facilitates admission to PhD programs at international institutions. German universities offer tuition-free or low-fee MSc Physics programs (2 years) with scholarships like DAAD providing €850+ monthly stipends. US universities accept M.Sc graduates directly for PhD positions with full funding (tuition coverage + stipend). These pathways require GRE scores and strong Statement of Purpose articulating research interests. Research collaboration opportunities exist with Max Planck Institute (Germany) and CalTech Summer Research Program (USA), both welcoming Indian M.Sc students.
Essential Skills and Certifications to Develop Immediately: Programming Languages: Start learning Python immediately—it's universally used in research and industry. Dedicate 2-3 hours weekly to data analysis, scientific computing libraries (NumPy, SciPy, Pandas), and machine learning fundamentals. MATLAB is equally critical for physics applications, particularly numerical simulations and data visualization. Aim to complete MATLAB certification courses within your first year.
Research Tools: Learn Git/version control, LaTeX for scientific documentation, and data analysis frameworks. These skills are indispensable for publishing research papers and collaborating on projects.
Certifications Worth Pursuing: (1) MATLAB Certification (DIYguru or MathWorks official courses) (2) Python for Data Science (complete certificate programs from platforms like Coursera) (3) Machine Learning Fundamentals (for expanding technical versatility) & (4) Scientific Communication and Technical Writing (develop through departmental workshops)
Strategic Internship Planning: Leverage Amrita's research connections systematically. In your third year, apply to BARC Summer Internship, IISER Internships, TIFR Summer Fellowships, and IIT Internship programs (like IIT Kanpur SURGE). These expose you to frontier research while establishing connections for future PhD or scientist recruitment. Target 2-3 research internships across different specializations to develop versatility.

TO SUM UP, Your Integrated M.Sc Physics degree from Amrita positions you exceptionally well for competitive research careers at IISc/IITs, prestigious government scientist roles at BARC/DRDO/ISRO, and international PhD opportunities. The program's scientific computing emphasis differentiates you in the job market. Immediate priorities: (1) Master Python and MATLAB within the first two years; (2) Engage in research projects starting year 2-3; (3) Target internships at premiere research institutions; (4) Prepare GATE while completing your degree for maximum flexibility in recruitment; (5) Consider UGC-NET for long-term academic stability. Your career trajectory will ultimately depend on developing strong research fundamentals, demonstrating consistent excellence in specialization areas, and strategically selecting internship and research opportunities. The rigorous Amrita program combined with disciplined skill development positions you for exceptional career success across multiple sectors. Choose the most suitable option for you out of the various options available mentioned above. All the BEST for Your Prosperous Future!

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Asked on - Dec 07, 2025 | Answered on Dec 07, 2025
Thankyou
Ans: Welcome Sree.

...Read more

Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10873 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 06, 2025Hindi
Money
Dear Sir/Ma'am, I need some guidance and advice for continuing my mutual fund investments. I am a 36 year old male, married, no kids yet and no debts/liabilities as such. I have couple of savings in PPF, NPS, Emergency funds and long term investing in direct stocks. I recently started below mentioned SIPs for long term to grow wealth. Request you to review the same and let me know if I should continue with the SIPs or need to rationalize. Kindly also advice on how to invest a lumpsum amount of around 6lacs. invesco small cap 2000 motilal oswal midcap 2700 parag parikh flexicap 3000 HDFC flexicap 3100 ICICI prudential largecap 3100 HDFC large and midcap 3100 HDFC gold etf FOF 2000 ICICI Pru equity and debt fund 3000 HDFC balanced advantage fund 3000 nippon india silver etf FOF 2000
Ans: You already built a solid foundation. Many investors delay planning. But you started early at 36. That gives you a strong advantage. You have no liabilities. You have long term thinking. You also have diversified savings like PPF, NPS, Emergency funds and direct stocks. That shows clarity and discipline. This approach builds wealth with less stress over time.

You also started systematic investments in equity funds. That is a positive step. Your selection covers multiple categories like large cap, mid cap, small cap, flexi cap, hybrid and precious metals. So the intent is right. You are trying to create a broad portfolio. That gives balance.

» Your Portfolio Composition Understanding
Your current SIP list includes:

Small cap

Mid cap

Flexi cap

Large cap

Large and mid cap

Hybrid category

Gold and Silver FoF

Equity and Debt allocation fund

Dynamic hybrid fund

This shows you are trying to cover many segments. But too many categories can create overlap. When there is overlap, you get confusion during review. It also makes portfolio discipline difficult. You may think you are diversified. But the holdings inside may repeat. That reduces efficiency.

Your portfolio now looks like:

Equity dominant

Hybrid for stability

Metals for hedge

So the broad direction is fine. But simplifying helps in long-term habit building.

» Fund Category Duplication
You hold:

Two flexi cap funds

One large and mid cap fund

One pure large cap fund

One mid cap fund

One small cap fund

Flexi cap funds already invest across large, mid, small. Then large and mid also overlaps. So the large cap exposure gets repeated. That may not add extra benefit. But it increases monitoring complexity.

So I suggest rationalising. Keep one fund per category in core. Keep satellite space for only high conviction.

» Core and Satellite Strategy
A structured portfolio follows core and satellite method.

Core portfolio should be:

Simple

Long term

Stable

Satellite portfolio can be:

High growth

Concentrated

Based on your thinking level, you can structure like this:

Core funds:

One large cap

One flexi cap

One hybrid equity and debt fund

One balanced advantage type fund

Satellite funds:

One mid cap

One small cap

One metal allocation if needed

This division gives clarity. You can continue SIPs with review every year. No need to stop and restart often. That reduces behavioural mistakes.

» Your Current SIP List Review with Suggested Streamlining

You can consider continuing:

One flexi cap

One large cap

One mid cap

One small cap

One balanced advantage

One equity and debt hybrid

You may reconsider keeping both flexi caps and both gold silver funds. One of each category is enough. Because too many funds do not increase returns. It complicates tracking.

Precious metal funds should not be more than 5 to 7 percent in your portfolio. This is because metals are hedge assets. They do not create compounding like equity. They act as protection during cycles. So keep them small.

» How to Use the Rs 6 Lakh Lump Sum
You asked about lump sum investing. This is important. Lump sum should not go fully into equity at one time. Markets move in cycles. So use a staggered method. You can invest the lump sum through STP (Systematic Transfer Plan). You can keep the amount in a liquid fund and set STP toward your chosen growth funds over 6 to 12 months.

This reduces timing risk. It also creates discipline. So your Rs 6 lakh can be deployed gradually. You may use 50% towards core equity funds and 30% toward satellite growth category. The remaining 20% can go into hybrid category. This gives balance and comfort.

» Regular Funds Over Direct Funds
One important point many investors miss. Direct funds look cheaper. But they demand deep knowledge, discipline, and behaviour control. Most investors lose more through emotional selling and wrong timing than they save on expense ratio.

With regular funds through a Mutual Fund Distributor with Certified Financial Planner qualification, you get guidance, structure and correction. The advisory discipline protects you during market extremes. That is more valuable than a small saving in expense ratio.

A personalised planner also tracks portfolio drift, rebalancing need and category shifts. So regular fund investing gives long-term benefit and behaviour coaching.

» Actively Managed Funds over Index or ETF
Some investors choose index funds or ETF thinking they are simple and cheap. But they ignore drawbacks.

Index funds or ETF will not avoid weak companies in the index. They will invest whether the company grows or struggles. There is no fund manager decision making. So when markets are at peak, index funds continue aggressive exposure. In downturns also they fall fully. There is no cushion.

Actively managed funds work with research teams. They can avoid bad sectors. They can shift allocation based on market and economy. Over long term, this gives better alpha and stability. So continuing with actively managed funds creates better wealth compounding.

» SIP Continuation Strategy
Once the rationalisation is done, continue SIPs every month without interruption. Pause and restart behaviour damages compounding power. SIP works best when you go through all market cycles. You benefit more during corrections because cost averaging works.

So continue SIP amount. You can also review SIP increase every year based on income. Increasing SIP by 10 to 15 percent every year helps you reach large corpus faster.

» Asset Allocation Based Approach
One key point in wealth creation is having the right asset mix. Equity gives growth. Hybrid gives balance. Metals give hedge. Debt gives safety. Your asset allocation should stay aligned to your risk profile and time horizon.

Since you are young and have long term horizon, higher equity allocation is fine. But as time moves, rebalancing is important. Rebalancing protects gains and restores allocation.

So review your asset allocation every year or during major life events like child birth, home buying or retirement planning.

» Behaviour Management
Many portfolios fail not due to bad funds. They fail due to bad decisions. Selling during correction. Stopping SIP when market falls. Chasing past return performance. These mistakes reduce wealth.

Your discipline so far is good. Continue to stay patient during volatility. Equity rewards patience and time.

» Financial Goals Clarity
Since you have no children now, you can decide your long-term goals. Typical goals may include:

Retirement

Future child education

Dream lifestyle purchase

Health care reserves

When goals are clear, investment purpose becomes stronger. So you can map each fund category to goal horizon. Short-term goals should not use equity. Long-term goals should use equity with hybrid support.

» Role of Review and Monitoring
Review once in a year is enough. Frequent review can create anxiety. Annual review helps check:

Fund performance

Expense drift

Category relevance

Allocation balance

Then adjust only if needed. This progress helps you stay confident and aligned.

» Taxation Awareness
Equity mutual funds taxation rules are:

Short term (below one year holding) taxable at 20 percent

Long term (above one year holding) gains above Rs 1.25 lakh taxable at 12.5 percent

Debt mutual funds are taxed as per your income slab.

So always hold equity funds for long term. That reduces tax impact and gives better growth.

» SIP Increase Plan
You can create a simple plan to increase SIP over time. For example:

Increase SIP at every salary increment

Increase SIP during bonus time

Use rewards or extra income for investing

This habit accelerates wealth. So by the time you reach 45 to 50 years, your investments could reach a strong level.

» Insurance and Protection
Before investing large, ensure you have term insurance and health insurance. If not already done, it is important. Insurance protects wealth. Without insurance, even a small medical event can impact investment plan. So review this part also. Since you are married, cover both.

» Wealth Behaviour Mindset
You are already disciplined. Just keep these simple principles:

Invest without stopping

Review once a year

Avoid funds overlap

Follow asset allocation

Avoid reacting to media noise

This helps you reach long term milestones.

» Finally
You are on the right track. Only fine tuning and simplification is needed. Your discipline is visible. Your portfolio will grow well with structure, patience and periodic review. Use the Rs 6 lakh with STP approach. And continue SIP with rationalised categories.

With time and consistency, wealth creation becomes effortless and peaceful. You just need to stay committed and avoid overthinking during market movements.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

...Read more

DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Investment in securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the related document carefully before investing. The securities quoted are for illustration only and are not recommendatory. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information and as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision. RediffGURUS is an intermediary as per India's Information Technology Act.

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