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Financial Planner - Answered on Jan 12, 2024

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Anonyomus Question by Anonyomus on Jan 12, 2024Hindi
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Thank you for the reply. What is the ideal coverage amount for life and health insurance policies? And what are the exclusions in insurance policies that I should be aware of?

Ans: Determining the ideal coverage amount for health insurance depends on various factors, including your financial situation, lifestyle, and specific needs. Here are some general guidelines:

• Medical Costs: Consider the potential medical expenses you might incur, including hospitalisation, surgeries, and treatments. The coverage amount should be sufficient to cover these costs.

• Family Size: If you are purchasing a family health insurance plan, ensure that the coverage amount is adequate for all family members.

• Preventive Care: Look for policies that cover preventive care, vaccinations, and health check-ups.

• Network Hospitals: Consider the availability and quality of network hospitals covered by the insurance policy.

• Deductibles and Co-payments: Be aware of any deductibles and co-payments that may apply and assess how they impact your out-of-pocket expenses.

• Renewal Age: Opt for policies with a higher renewal age to ensure coverage into your senior years.

Exclusions:
Insurance policies typically have exclusions, which are specific situations or conditions not covered by the policy. While the exclusions can vary between insurers and policies, here are some common exclusions you must know:

• Pre-existing Conditions: Many health insurance policies have a waiting period for pre-existing conditions. Treatment for these conditions may not be covered during the waiting period.

• Specific Treatments: Some policies may exclude coverage for certain treatments or procedures, such as cosmetic surgery or alternative therapies.

• Hazardous Activities: Life insurance policies may exclude coverage for deaths resulting from hazardous activities, like extreme sports or certain occupations.

• Suicide Clause: Life insurance policies often have a suicide clause, typically excluding coverage for suicides within the first two years of the policy.

• Misrepresentation: If you provide inaccurate information during the application process, it could lead to policy cancellation or denial of claims.

• War or Acts of Terrorism: Some policies may exclude coverage for deaths or injuries resulting from war or acts of terrorism.

It's crucial to carefully read the policy documents, including the terms and conditions, to understand the specific exclusions that apply to your insurance coverage. If you have any doubts or concerns, consider consulting with an insurance professional or agent for clarification.
DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information to be as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision.
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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10872 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jul 12, 2024

Asked by Anonymous - Jul 02, 2024Hindi
Money
Hello sir.I am 38 years, married and 1 child.Please help me with a good and wide coverage family health insurance policy.Also, shall I take a family or individual health insurance policy?? Kindly guide me on the same.I don't have any term insurance also.
Ans: Health and term insurance are crucial for financial security. Let's explore your options.

Understanding Health Insurance
Health insurance is vital for protecting your family's finances. It covers medical expenses and ensures you don't dip into savings. For a family of three, wide coverage is essential.

Family vs. Individual Health Insurance
Family Floater Policy
A family floater policy covers all members under one sum insured. This means if one member uses the coverage, the remaining sum is available for others. It’s cost-effective and easy to manage.

Individual Health Policy
An individual policy covers each family member separately. This ensures each person has a dedicated sum insured. While it can be more expensive, it guarantees full coverage for everyone.

Choosing the Right Health Insurance
Coverage Amount
For a family of three, consider a sum insured of at least Rs 10 lakhs. This covers hospitalisation, surgeries, and other medical expenses.

Comprehensive Coverage
Look for policies that cover pre and post-hospitalisation, ambulance charges, daycare treatments, and critical illnesses. Comprehensive policies provide peace of mind.

Network Hospitals
Check if the insurer has a wide network of hospitals, especially near your residence. Cashless treatment facilities make hospitalisation less stressful.

No Claim Bonus
Choose a policy that offers a No Claim Bonus. This increases your sum insured without additional premiums if you don't make any claims.

Additional Benefits to Consider
Maternity Coverage
If you plan to expand your family, consider a policy with maternity coverage. It should cover prenatal and postnatal expenses, delivery charges, and newborn care.

Preventive Health Check-ups
Some policies offer free annual health check-ups. This helps in early detection and prevention of diseases.

Critical Illness Rider
Critical illnesses can drain finances quickly. A rider covers diseases like cancer, heart attack, and stroke. It provides a lump sum amount on diagnosis, helping with treatment costs.

Term Insurance: Protecting Your Family’s Future
Importance of Term Insurance
Term insurance provides financial security to your family in your absence. It pays a lump sum to your beneficiaries if something happens to you. It's essential for safeguarding your family's future.

Choosing the Right Term Insurance
Sum Assured
Choose a sum assured that covers your family's expenses, outstanding loans, and future goals. Typically, 10-15 times your annual income is recommended.

Policy Tenure
Select a tenure that covers you until your major financial obligations are met. Ideally, this should be until your child's education or marriage is complete.

Riders for Enhanced Protection
Consider adding riders like accidental death, disability, and critical illness. These enhance the coverage and provide additional security.

Benefits of Mutual Funds
Mutual funds are excellent for wealth creation. They offer diversification, professional management, and potential for high returns.

Types of Mutual Funds
Equity Funds
Invest primarily in stocks. They offer high returns but come with higher risk. Suitable for long-term goals.

Debt Funds
Invest in fixed income securities like bonds. They are less risky and provide stable returns. Ideal for short to medium-term goals.

Hybrid Funds
Invest in both equity and debt. They balance risk and return, making them suitable for moderate risk-takers.

Power of Compounding
Investing in mutual funds harnesses the power of compounding. Reinvesting returns over time leads to exponential growth. Starting early maximises this benefit.

Disadvantages of Index Funds
Passive Management
Index funds are passively managed. They replicate a market index and do not attempt to outperform it. This limits potential returns.

No Active Strategy
Index funds lack active management strategies. They cannot adjust to market changes, potentially missing opportunities to maximise returns.

Benefits of Actively Managed Funds
Professional Management
Actively managed funds have experienced managers who make investment decisions. They aim to outperform the market by selecting high-potential stocks.

Flexibility
Managers can adjust portfolios based on market conditions. This flexibility can enhance returns and reduce risk.

Disadvantages of Direct Funds
Lack of Guidance
Direct funds require investors to manage their investments. Without professional guidance, making informed decisions can be challenging.

Limited Support
Direct investors may not have access to the same level of support as those using a Certified Financial Planner. This can impact portfolio performance.

Benefits of Investing Through a CFP
Expert Advice
CFPs provide expert advice tailored to your financial goals. They help you choose the right funds and create a diversified portfolio.

Regular Monitoring
CFPs monitor your investments regularly. They make adjustments based on market conditions and your changing needs.

Comprehensive Financial Planning
CFPs offer comprehensive financial planning. They consider your entire financial situation and create a plan to achieve your goals.

Final Insights
Choosing the right health and term insurance is crucial for your family's financial security. A family floater health policy is cost-effective and provides wide coverage. Ensure it has a sufficient sum insured and comprehensive coverage.

Term insurance safeguards your family's future. Choose a sum assured that covers your expenses and future goals. Adding riders enhances protection.

Investing in mutual funds is an excellent way to grow your wealth. Consider equity, debt, and hybrid funds based on your risk tolerance and goals. Actively managed funds offer professional management and flexibility.

Investing through a Certified Financial Planner provides expert advice and regular monitoring. They help you create a diversified portfolio and achieve your financial goals.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

..Read more

Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10872 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jul 24, 2024

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What should be an ideal medical insurance sum assured for a family of 4 Husband : 44yrs, wife : 40 yrs, Two kids: 12 & 4 yrs to have a safe amount post retirement
Ans: 1. Assessing Medical Insurance Needs:

Family Health Risks:

Consider the health risks and history of each family member. Health insurance should cover possible medical expenses, including hospitalization, treatments, and emergencies.
Future Medical Costs:

Medical costs tend to rise over time due to inflation. Estimate future medical expenses by considering the current average costs and projected inflation rates.
2. Determining Sum Assured:

Current Coverage:

For a family with members aged 44, 40, 12, and 4 years, a basic coverage amount might not suffice. Higher coverage is advisable to avoid underinsurance.
Sum Assured Recommendation:

Minimum Coverage:

A sum assured of Rs. 10 lakhs to Rs. 15 lakhs per family member is typically recommended. This amount should cover a wide range of medical expenses and treatments.
Optimal Coverage:

For better security, consider a sum assured of Rs. 20 lakhs to Rs. 30 lakhs for the entire family. This amount can offer more comprehensive coverage and protect against high medical costs in the future.
3. Additional Considerations:

Inflation Protection:

Opt for policies with inflation protection features that increase the sum assured over time to keep up with rising medical costs.
Comprehensive Coverage:

Ensure the policy covers a wide range of medical conditions, including critical illnesses, pre-existing conditions, and maternity benefits if applicable.
Cashless Facility:

Choose a plan with a broad network of hospitals that offer cashless treatment, reducing out-of-pocket expenses during medical emergencies.
Policy Features:

Look for features like no claim bonus, annual health check-ups, and coverage for preventive care.
4. Reviewing and Updating Coverage:

Regular Review:

Review the insurance policy annually or after major life events (e.g., children growing up or significant health changes) to ensure it meets the evolving needs of your family.
Consult a Professional:

Consult a Certified Financial Planner to evaluate your specific needs and recommend the most suitable sum assured based on your family's health profile and financial situation.
Final Insights

An ideal medical insurance sum assured for a family of four, consisting of a 44-year-old husband, a 40-year-old wife, and two children (12 and 4 years), should ideally range from Rs. 20 lakhs to Rs. 30 lakhs. This amount provides adequate coverage for potential future medical expenses and ensures financial safety post-retirement. Always consider future medical inflation, policy features, and consult with a Certified Financial Planner for tailored advice.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

..Read more

Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10872 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Aug 28, 2024

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I am 30 years single. I have no financial commitment of any loan, I have 1.5 Cr in term insurance 5 lacs in traditional insurance. 15 Lacs in medical insurance., I am a minimalist. Can you please thro light on coverage and suggest me should I policies to increase, my sum assured and increase my premium commitment? Will this coverage suffice or should I need to alter
Ans: Given your current financial situation and insurance coverage, here's a breakdown of your existing coverage and suggestions on whether you need to increase your sum assured or alter your policies:

Current Coverage:
Term Insurance: ?1.5 crore
Traditional Insurance: ?5 lakh
Medical Insurance: ?15 lakh
Analysis:
Term Insurance
Current Coverage: ?1.5 crore
Purpose: Term insurance primarily serves to provide financial security to your dependents in case of your untimely demise.
Current Situation: As you are single with no dependents or financial commitments, ?1.5 crore seems adequate for now. However, this amount should be reviewed periodically as your life circumstances change (e.g., marriage, children, significant asset purchases).
Traditional Insurance
Current Coverage: ?5 lakh
Purpose: Traditional insurance policies (endowment, whole life, etc.) combine insurance with a savings component. However, the insurance coverage is typically lower, and the returns are modest compared to other investment avenues.
Current Situation: ?5 lakh is quite low in terms of coverage, but since it’s a traditional policy, the primary goal might be savings rather than pure risk coverage. Given that you are a minimalist and have a substantial term insurance cover, this might suffice, though you could reconsider future contributions depending on the policy's returns and your financial goals.
Medical Insurance
Current Coverage: ?15 lakh
Purpose: Medical insurance covers hospital bills and other medical expenses.
Current Situation: ?15 lakh is generally sufficient for most medical emergencies in urban India. However, given the rising cost of healthcare, you might want to consider adding a super top-up policy to increase your coverage at a lower cost.
Recommendations:
Term Insurance
Maintain or Slightly Increase: Your current coverage of ?1.5 crore seems adequate, but if you foresee significant financial responsibilities in the future (like marriage or starting a family), you may consider increasing it slightly, say by another ?50 lakh to ?1 crore, to keep pace with inflation and future liabilities.
Traditional Insurance
Reevaluate: Traditional insurance policies are not typically the best for maximizing returns. If your primary goal is to save and grow your wealth, you might want to focus more on pure investment products (like mutual funds, PPF, etc.) rather than increasing contributions to traditional policies. Consider surrendering or converting this policy depending on its terms and the financial implications.
Medical Insurance
Consider a Top-Up Plan: While ?15 lakh should suffice for now, healthcare costs are rising rapidly. You might want to consider a top-up or super top-up plan that can provide additional coverage (e.g., ?10-15 lakh) for a relatively low premium, ensuring you are well-protected against major medical expenses.
Overall Premium Commitment:
Given that you are a minimalist and have no financial dependencies, you should focus on maintaining a balanced approach:

Avoid Over-Insuring: Since you currently have no dependents, over-insuring might lead to unnecessary premium outflow, which could otherwise be invested for growth.
Focus on Investments: With your minimalistic lifestyle, channeling more funds into savings and investments might provide better returns over the long term, enabling you to meet future goals like retirement or potential family responsibilities.

Your current insurance coverage seems adequate for your current situation. Consider a slight increase in term insurance, add a top-up to your health insurance, and reevaluate your traditional insurance policy. Focus on growing your wealth through investments rather than significantly increasing your insurance premiums at this stage. Regularly review your coverage as your life circumstances change.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

..Read more

Latest Questions
Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |10872 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 06, 2025Hindi
Money
Dear Sir/Ma'am, I need some guidance and advice for continuing my mutual fund investments. I am a 36 year old male, married, no kids yet and no debts/liabilities as such. I have couple of savings in PPF, NPS, Emergency funds and long term investing in direct stocks. I recently started below mentioned SIPs for long term to grow wealth. Request you to review the same and let me know if I should continue with the SIPs or need to rationalize. Kindly also advice on how to invest a lumpsum amount of around 6lacs. invesco small cap 2000 motilal oswal midcap 2700 parag parikh flexicap 3000 HDFC flexicap 3100 ICICI prudential largecap 3100 HDFC large and midcap 3100 HDFC gold etf FOF 2000 ICICI Pru equity and debt fund 3000 HDFC balanced advantage fund 3000 nippon india silver etf FOF 2000
Ans: You already built a solid foundation. Many investors delay planning. But you started early at 36. That gives you a strong advantage. You have no liabilities. You have long term thinking. You also have diversified savings like PPF, NPS, Emergency funds and direct stocks. That shows clarity and discipline. This approach builds wealth with less stress over time.

You also started systematic investments in equity funds. That is a positive step. Your selection covers multiple categories like large cap, mid cap, small cap, flexi cap, hybrid and precious metals. So the intent is right. You are trying to create a broad portfolio. That gives balance.

» Your Portfolio Composition Understanding
Your current SIP list includes:

Small cap

Mid cap

Flexi cap

Large cap

Large and mid cap

Hybrid category

Gold and Silver FoF

Equity and Debt allocation fund

Dynamic hybrid fund

This shows you are trying to cover many segments. But too many categories can create overlap. When there is overlap, you get confusion during review. It also makes portfolio discipline difficult. You may think you are diversified. But the holdings inside may repeat. That reduces efficiency.

Your portfolio now looks like:

Equity dominant

Hybrid for stability

Metals for hedge

So the broad direction is fine. But simplifying helps in long-term habit building.

» Fund Category Duplication
You hold:

Two flexi cap funds

One large and mid cap fund

One pure large cap fund

One mid cap fund

One small cap fund

Flexi cap funds already invest across large, mid, small. Then large and mid also overlaps. So the large cap exposure gets repeated. That may not add extra benefit. But it increases monitoring complexity.

So I suggest rationalising. Keep one fund per category in core. Keep satellite space for only high conviction.

» Core and Satellite Strategy
A structured portfolio follows core and satellite method.

Core portfolio should be:

Simple

Long term

Stable

Satellite portfolio can be:

High growth

Concentrated

Based on your thinking level, you can structure like this:

Core funds:

One large cap

One flexi cap

One hybrid equity and debt fund

One balanced advantage type fund

Satellite funds:

One mid cap

One small cap

One metal allocation if needed

This division gives clarity. You can continue SIPs with review every year. No need to stop and restart often. That reduces behavioural mistakes.

» Your Current SIP List Review with Suggested Streamlining

You can consider continuing:

One flexi cap

One large cap

One mid cap

One small cap

One balanced advantage

One equity and debt hybrid

You may reconsider keeping both flexi caps and both gold silver funds. One of each category is enough. Because too many funds do not increase returns. It complicates tracking.

Precious metal funds should not be more than 5 to 7 percent in your portfolio. This is because metals are hedge assets. They do not create compounding like equity. They act as protection during cycles. So keep them small.

» How to Use the Rs 6 Lakh Lump Sum
You asked about lump sum investing. This is important. Lump sum should not go fully into equity at one time. Markets move in cycles. So use a staggered method. You can invest the lump sum through STP (Systematic Transfer Plan). You can keep the amount in a liquid fund and set STP toward your chosen growth funds over 6 to 12 months.

This reduces timing risk. It also creates discipline. So your Rs 6 lakh can be deployed gradually. You may use 50% towards core equity funds and 30% toward satellite growth category. The remaining 20% can go into hybrid category. This gives balance and comfort.

» Regular Funds Over Direct Funds
One important point many investors miss. Direct funds look cheaper. But they demand deep knowledge, discipline, and behaviour control. Most investors lose more through emotional selling and wrong timing than they save on expense ratio.

With regular funds through a Mutual Fund Distributor with Certified Financial Planner qualification, you get guidance, structure and correction. The advisory discipline protects you during market extremes. That is more valuable than a small saving in expense ratio.

A personalised planner also tracks portfolio drift, rebalancing need and category shifts. So regular fund investing gives long-term benefit and behaviour coaching.

» Actively Managed Funds over Index or ETF
Some investors choose index funds or ETF thinking they are simple and cheap. But they ignore drawbacks.

Index funds or ETF will not avoid weak companies in the index. They will invest whether the company grows or struggles. There is no fund manager decision making. So when markets are at peak, index funds continue aggressive exposure. In downturns also they fall fully. There is no cushion.

Actively managed funds work with research teams. They can avoid bad sectors. They can shift allocation based on market and economy. Over long term, this gives better alpha and stability. So continuing with actively managed funds creates better wealth compounding.

» SIP Continuation Strategy
Once the rationalisation is done, continue SIPs every month without interruption. Pause and restart behaviour damages compounding power. SIP works best when you go through all market cycles. You benefit more during corrections because cost averaging works.

So continue SIP amount. You can also review SIP increase every year based on income. Increasing SIP by 10 to 15 percent every year helps you reach large corpus faster.

» Asset Allocation Based Approach
One key point in wealth creation is having the right asset mix. Equity gives growth. Hybrid gives balance. Metals give hedge. Debt gives safety. Your asset allocation should stay aligned to your risk profile and time horizon.

Since you are young and have long term horizon, higher equity allocation is fine. But as time moves, rebalancing is important. Rebalancing protects gains and restores allocation.

So review your asset allocation every year or during major life events like child birth, home buying or retirement planning.

» Behaviour Management
Many portfolios fail not due to bad funds. They fail due to bad decisions. Selling during correction. Stopping SIP when market falls. Chasing past return performance. These mistakes reduce wealth.

Your discipline so far is good. Continue to stay patient during volatility. Equity rewards patience and time.

» Financial Goals Clarity
Since you have no children now, you can decide your long-term goals. Typical goals may include:

Retirement

Future child education

Dream lifestyle purchase

Health care reserves

When goals are clear, investment purpose becomes stronger. So you can map each fund category to goal horizon. Short-term goals should not use equity. Long-term goals should use equity with hybrid support.

» Role of Review and Monitoring
Review once in a year is enough. Frequent review can create anxiety. Annual review helps check:

Fund performance

Expense drift

Category relevance

Allocation balance

Then adjust only if needed. This progress helps you stay confident and aligned.

» Taxation Awareness
Equity mutual funds taxation rules are:

Short term (below one year holding) taxable at 20 percent

Long term (above one year holding) gains above Rs 1.25 lakh taxable at 12.5 percent

Debt mutual funds are taxed as per your income slab.

So always hold equity funds for long term. That reduces tax impact and gives better growth.

» SIP Increase Plan
You can create a simple plan to increase SIP over time. For example:

Increase SIP at every salary increment

Increase SIP during bonus time

Use rewards or extra income for investing

This habit accelerates wealth. So by the time you reach 45 to 50 years, your investments could reach a strong level.

» Insurance and Protection
Before investing large, ensure you have term insurance and health insurance. If not already done, it is important. Insurance protects wealth. Without insurance, even a small medical event can impact investment plan. So review this part also. Since you are married, cover both.

» Wealth Behaviour Mindset
You are already disciplined. Just keep these simple principles:

Invest without stopping

Review once a year

Avoid funds overlap

Follow asset allocation

Avoid reacting to media noise

This helps you reach long term milestones.

» Finally
You are on the right track. Only fine tuning and simplification is needed. Your discipline is visible. Your portfolio will grow well with structure, patience and periodic review. Use the Rs 6 lakh with STP approach. And continue SIP with rationalised categories.

With time and consistency, wealth creation becomes effortless and peaceful. You just need to stay committed and avoid overthinking during market movements.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

...Read more

Dr Dipankar

Dr Dipankar Dutta  |1837 Answers  |Ask -

Tech Careers and Skill Development Expert - Answered on Dec 05, 2025

Career
Dear Sir, I did my BTech from a normal engineering college not very famous. The teaching was not great and hence i did not study well. I tried my best to learn coding including all the technologies like html,css,javascript,react js,dba,php because i wanted to be a web developer But nothing seem to enter my head except html and css. I don't understand a language which has more complexities. Is it because of my lack of experience or not devoting enough time. I am not sure. I did many courses online and tried to do diplomas also abroad which i passed somehow. I recently joined android development course because i like apps but the teaching was so fast that i could not memorize anything. There was no time to even take notes down. During the course i did assignments and understood the code because i have to pass but after the course is over i tend to forget everything. I attempted a lot of interviews. Some of them i even got but could not perform well so they let me go. Now due to the AI booming and job markets in a bad shape i am re-thinking whether to keep studying or whether its just time waste. Since 3 years i am doing labour type of jobs which does not yield anything to me for survival and to pay my expenses. I have the quest to learn everything but as soon as i sit in front of the computer i listen to music or read something else. What should i do to stay more focused? What should i do to make myself believe confident. Is there still scope of IT in todays world? Kindly advise.
Ans: Your story does not show failure.
It shows persistence, effort, and desire to improve.

Most people give up.
You didn’t.
That means you will succeed — but with the right method, not the old one.

...Read more

DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Investment in securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the related document carefully before investing. The securities quoted are for illustration only and are not recommendatory. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information and as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision. RediffGURUS is an intermediary as per India's Information Technology Act.

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