Ramalingam Kalirajan |10017 Answers |Ask -Follow

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jul 09, 2025

Ramalingam Kalirajan has over 23 years of experience in mutual funds and financial planning.
He has an MBA in finance from the University of Madras and is a certified financial planner.
He is the director and chief financial planner at Holistic Investment, a Chennai-based firm that offers financial planning and wealth management advice.... more

Asked by Anonymous - Jul 02, 2025Hindi

I am a single parent with 45 years old, and have 16 year old son, with 2.20 lacs net salary per month. I don't have any loan. I have PPF with 10.5lacs currently maturing next year , 3.75 lacs of FD,1.8L of RD. I own 2 houses of which one of my house that is rented with 45k per month. I pay 20k every month towards ESPP and have accumulated upto 1.3 lacs so far , 30k in NPS, 5L invested in Mutual fund with monthly investment of 8K I have gold investments about 1 Cr. Please advise if there is anything else i can do for retirement and secure child future?

Ans: You are a 45?year?old single parent with a 16?year?old son. Your monthly take?home salary is Rs.?2.20 lakhs. You carry no loan liability. Your assets and investments are:

PPF: Rs.?10.5 lakhs, maturing next year

Fixed Deposit: Rs.?3.75 lakhs

Recurring Deposit: Rs.?1.8 lakhs

Rented property: Rs.?45,000 monthly rental

Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP): Contribution Rs.?20k/month, accumulation Rs.?1.3 lakhs

National Pension System (NPS): Contribution Rs.?30k/month

Mutual Fund investments: Lump?sum Rs.?5 lakhs + monthly SIP Rs.?8k

Gold investments: Worth Rs.?1 crore

You have set yourself up well on savings, rental income, and retirement assets. You want to secure your son’s future and improve your retirement readiness. Let’s build a comprehensive 360-degree financial plan that balances wealth growth, safety, liquidity, and legacy planning.

Understanding Your Goals and Timeline
Short-term (1–3 years):

Completion of son’s higher secondary education and possibly college entrance.

Maturity of PPF corpus.

Education funding requirement approaching in 2–3 years.

Medium-term (5–10 years):

Your retirement planning horizon may begin in 10–15 years (age 60), depending on lifestyle and desire.

Long-term (20+ years post-retirement):

Ensure sufficient corpus for post-retirement expenses, healthcare, and child’s progression.

Having clear goals and timelines helps customize investment and asset allocation for each objective.

Create a Proper Emergency & Liquidity Fund
Despite strong asset base, focus on liquid funds:

Maintain a buffer of 6 months of combined household and personal expenses, roughly Rs. 6–8 lakhs.

Keep this mix between liquid mutual funds and sweep-in FDs, enabling easy access and some returns.

Do not use PPF or gold for emergencies, as these reduce your long-term security.

This liquidity control ensures you’re not forced to liquidate equity or gold during emergencies.

Strengthen Insurance Cover & Risk Mitigation
Your responsibilities include yourself and your teenage son.

Health insurance:

You rent property and earn rental income; ensure separate family floater health cover.

Consider a top-up plan, especially considering healthcare costs at your age.

Life insurance:

As a single parent, your son and rent-paying burden imply a need for term insurance.

Ideally at least 20x annual net salary to cover education, living expenses, and retirement continuity if needed.

Critical illness and accidental cover:

Affordable policies can protect against hospitalisation and long-term recovery costs.

Insurance strengthens your risk cushion while preserving accumulated assets.

Structuring Education Fund for Your Son
Your son is nearing higher secondary education.

Projected requirement in 3–5 years: Approx Rs. 10–15 lakhs.

Strategy:

Align PPF maturity towards education funding or refill with another PPF account.

Consider a debt or conservative hybrid fund SIP of Rs. 10,000–15,000 monthly to get maturity aligned with education timeline.

Use regular plan structure (MFD?CFP pathway) for discipline and behavioural support.

Avoid investing in equity-linked index funds or direct plans where you miss active guidance.

This creates a secure, inflation-adjusted education corpus for your son.

Optimise Retirement Planning Portfolio
Current Corpus:

PPF: Rs.?10.5 lakhs → will reach Rs.?14–16 lakhs at maturity (self-funded)

EPF via salary (portion of NPS + ESPP)

NPS: Regular contributions build annuitized retirement fund with equity component

Mutual Funds: Rs. 5 lakhs plus Rs. 8k SIP

ESPP share value Rs.?1.3 lakhs

Gold: Rs. 1 crore (very high allocation)

Observations:

Gold holdings large relative to portfolio distribution.

Equity exposure low given retirement horizon and your income.

Suggested Portfolio Allocation:

Equity exposure: 50–60% via actively managed diversified equity and flexi-cap funds

Hybrid/debt allocation: 20–30% via hybrid or arbitrage funds

Gold: 10–15% maximum (already 1 crore – decrease for balance)

Debt buffer/liquidity fund: 10–15% (emergency buffer)

You may consider trimming gold allocation gradually, investing proceeds into equity/hybrid funds to improve portfolio productivity and inflation beat.

Gradually Reduce Excess Gold Allocation
While gold provides stability, too much exposure dilutes growth.

Recommended steps:

For excess gold (the portion beyond 10–15% of total assets), systematically sell 10–20% per year, redeploying into equity/hybrid funds.

Use gold ETF or debt?linked funds for better tax efficiency and portfolio balance than physical gold.

This shift reduces concentration risk and unlocks growth potential.

Maximise Employee Investment Programs
Your ESPP contributions are useful but illiquid until vesting. Understand:

Tax when vested depends on discount and holding period.

Avoid featuring ESPP shares beyond short term; diversify post-vesting.

Use proceeds to rebalance into equity or hybrid funds accordingly.

This enables integrated portfolio planning and prevents overconcentration.

Stay Committed to Active Mutual Fund Approach
Passive index or direct funds may seem low-cost but pose risk:

No downside flexibility or active management

No personalised rebalancing or behavioural support

Use actively managed funds under guidance. Their dynamic approach and flexibility help during market volatility, critical for retirement-phase planning.

Align National Pension System (NPS) Strategy
NPS currently adds equity exposure and tax-saving.

Key aspects:

Continue your monthly contribution.

At retirement, consider partial lump sum withdrawal and partial annuity purchase, balancing tax and income needs.

Maintain up to 60% equity in NPS until age 60 for growth consistency.

This adds a professionally managed retirement asset to your portfolio.

Taxation and Regulatory Considerations
Tax matters impacting your plan:

LTCG above Rs. 1.25 lakhs from equity MFs taxed at 12.5%

STCG taxed at 20%

NPS lumpsum (60%) at time of withdrawal is not taxable; annuity portion is taxable.

Liquid debt or hybrid funds taxed as per your tax slab

Use strategic withdrawals and holding periods to minimise tax hit, especially for education and retirement.

Estate Planning and Wills
You are the primary guardian of your son. It is essential to have:

A clear will designating beneficiaries for property, bank, insurance, and mutual funds

Nomination details updated in PF, PPF, bank, EPF, and insurance

If desired, consider a trust arrangement for future inheritance structured for education or protection of remaining assets

This ensures clarity for all stakeholders in case of any unforeseen event.

Strategic Rebalancing and Review
Your portfolio requires regular review:

Annually:

Ensure asset allocation target (eq/hybrid/debt/gold) is maintained

Rebalance drifted equity or gold into hybrid/debt fund buffer

Adjust the education corpus fund in alignment with maturity timeframe

At life events:

Admission to college

Major healthcare needs

Unexpected income or expenditure change

Frequent review ensures consistent goal alignment and portfolio resilience.

Building Improvement Through Career and Contribution
Although in a secure job:

Review compensation hikes opportunity and side income

Additional surplus can be redirected to education or retirement contributions

Even modest increments (e.g., extra Rs. 10k/month) accelerates corpus growth

Later in life, every rupee saved with discipline multiplies advantageously.

Timeline to Action Map
Time Frame Action Activities
Next 6 Months Build emergency buffer Rs. 6–8 lakhs in liquid/debt fund; top up insurance coverage
6–18 Months Create education corpus via debt/hybrid SIPs; begin selling excess gold systematically
1–3 Years Ensure PPF maturity aligned with college funding; rebalance portfolio yearly
3–7 Years Continue reducing gold to target 10–15%; build retirement corpus through SIPs
Retirement Planning (After 60) Use SWP from hybrid funds; adjust NPS and insurance plans accordingly

This roadmap ensures each life and financial goal is tackled with rhythm and clarity.

Finally
You have done extremely well building assets, securing income streams, and saving through multiple avenues. Key areas to improve:

Build a robust liquid buffer

Strengthen insurance coverage

Create child’s education corpus soon

Rebalance excess gold allocation into equity/hybrid funds

Continue actively managed investments via CFP?driven regular plans

Estate and legacy planning for protection and clarity

This plan secures your son’s future, your retirement comfort, and transitions you into legacy-enabled financial security. With structured approach and disciplined review, you will achieve these goals with confidence and peace of mind.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information to be as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision.

MoneyReply

Ans: At 43, with a 7-year-old son, your focus on future planning is admirable. You already have a strong foundation. Still, a few improvements can give more stability and clarity.

This answer will assess your assets, liabilities, expenses, goals, and gaps. It will help build a 360-degree financial plan covering retirement and your child’s future.

Overview of Your Current Financial Position

You have:

Net monthly income of Rs 2.20 lakh

Rs 7.5 lakh car loan with 1.5 years left

Rs 4.5 lakh in PPF

Rs 10 lakh in fixed deposit

SIPs of Rs 45,000 monthly with corpus of Rs 70 lakh

Rs 40 lakh in gold

Rental income of Rs 20,000 monthly

Rs 1 lakh yearly in a traditional life insurance plan

Your position is positive. You have multiple income streams and disciplined savings. That is a good start. But some areas need re-alignment to avoid inefficiencies and to build wealth better.

Debt Management

Your car loan is manageable.

Loan tenure is short. Repayment will end soon.

Avoid prepayment unless interest rate is too high.

Once loan ends, redirect EMI amount into investments.

Use that for long-term goals like child education or retirement.

Do not take fresh loans unless necessary.

Assessment of Emergency Fund

You need an emergency fund equal to 6 months of expenses.

That should cover job loss, medical need, or major repair.

Your FD of Rs 10 lakh can serve this purpose for now.

But don't use the whole FD. Keep only Rs 5–6 lakh for emergencies.

Park emergency money in liquid mutual funds.

Liquid funds give better returns than savings account.

Don’t use gold or SIP for emergency. They are not suitable for that.

Review of Insurance-Linked Investment

You pay Rs 1 lakh annually into a life insurance savings plan.

Please consider:

These plans give low returns, around 4–5% yearly.

Lock-in periods are long. Liquidity is low.

They combine insurance and investment, which is not ideal.

Returns are not linked to inflation or market.

Better to separate insurance and investment goals.

What to do now:

Consider surrendering this policy.

Take proper advice from Certified Financial Planner before surrender.

After surrender, reinvest in mutual funds with goal-specific planning.

Use regular funds via MFD + CFP. Not direct funds.

Direct funds lack expert review and ongoing support.

Certified Financial Planner will realign funds when needed.

Assessment of Mutual Fund Portfolio

You invest Rs 45,000 monthly in SIPs.

You already built Rs 70 lakh through SIPs.

This is a good habit. Let us now fine-tune this further:

Review fund selection.

Check if funds are actively managed and not index funds.

Index funds may look low-cost, but have serious gaps.

They follow market blindly.

They don’t avoid poor sectors during correction.

They don’t give downside protection.

Why Active Funds Are Better

Actively managed funds are monitored by expert fund managers.

They take decisions based on market trends.

They remove poor stocks and sectors.

This helps protect your capital during tough times.

Use these funds through a Certified Financial Planner.

Regular plans come with support and tracking.

Direct plans miss out on this human guidance.

PPF Strategy

You have Rs 4.5 lakh in PPF.

This is a stable and tax-efficient option.

PPF is good for long-term savings.

It is safe and backed by government.

Continue yearly investment to build a corpus.

Use it for retirement or for child’s higher education.

PPF cannot be your only retirement plan, though. Use it with mutual funds for balance.

Gold Holdings

You have Rs 40 lakh in gold.

That is a high allocation.

Gold has limited appreciation long-term.

It gives no interest or income.

Use it for family traditions or emergencies, not retirement.

What to Do Now

Keep only 10–15% of portfolio in gold.

Slowly reduce excess gold. Shift to productive assets.

Move some portion to mutual funds.

Build growth and income together.

Rental Income Planning

You get Rs 20,000 monthly from rental property.

Don’t treat it as permanent income.

Rents can stop due to vacancy or repair.

Use it as a support, not the main source.

After retirement, use this income carefully. Maintain reserve for property maintenance.

Retirement Planning Strategy

You are 43 now. Retirement may come after 15–17 years. That gives enough time.

To plan retirement:

Estimate how much monthly income you will need post-retirement.

Build a portfolio to generate this income.

Use mutual funds with SWP feature after retirement.

SWP gives monthly payout. It is more tax-friendly than FD interest.

Plan withdrawals smartly to avoid heavy tax.

For equity mutual funds: LTCG above Rs 1.25 lakh is taxed at 12.5%

STCG is taxed at 20%

For debt mutual funds, gains are taxed as per your income slab.

Build a mix of equity, hybrid, and debt funds.

Allocate each asset for a specific goal.

Your mutual fund corpus already at Rs 70 lakh is a good start. Keep growing it with SIPs.

Child Education and Future Planning

Your son is 7 years old. Higher education will come in 10–12 years.

This is a non-negotiable life goal.

Set up a dedicated child education corpus.

Don't mix this with your retirement funds.

Continue Rs 45,000 SIP.

But earmark Rs 15,000–20,000 only for education.

Use goal-based mutual funds with active fund management.

These are better than child insurance plans.

Child insurance policies often have low returns and poor flexibility. Avoid them.

Don’t use gold or FD for higher education. Education cost will grow fast due to inflation.

Life and Health Insurance Review

You are earning Rs 2.20 lakh monthly. You are the primary earner.

You must have pure term insurance for protection.

Do not mix insurance and investment.

ULIP or savings-based policies give poor protection.

Term insurance gives high cover at low cost.

Also:

Have adequate health insurance for you and your family.

Check if your current cover is enough.

Take a top-up plan if needed.

Medical inflation is rising sharply.

Health cover should be at least Rs 10–15 lakh.

This protects savings during hospitalisation.

Tax Planning Efficiency

You already invest in PPF and insurance.

But don’t do tax saving only for deductions.

Choose options with long-term growth.

Mutual funds with ELSS option are better than most traditional tax-saving options.

PPF is good. But keep it part of a bigger tax-efficient plan.

Also:

Spread your capital gains over years.

Plan withdrawals in retirement carefully.

Avoid falling into high tax slab in one year.

Portfolio Review and Rebalancing

Your portfolio needs yearly reviews. Markets are always changing.

Don’t leave investments unattended.

Review asset allocation each year.

Adjust funds based on performance.

Rebalance to keep equity and debt in right ratio.

Certified Financial Planner will help track and rebalance.

Direct funds do not offer this support.

Regular plan with expert review protects your goals better.

Finally

You are already doing many things right. You have savings, income, and discipline.

To further strengthen your plan:

Reassess insurance-linked investments. Shift to mutual funds.

Reduce overexposure to gold. Add growth-based funds.

Separate funds for retirement and child education.

Increase insurance coverage where needed.

Avoid index funds and direct funds. Choose regular funds via CFP support.

Don’t rely only on real estate or rental income.

Reinvest car loan EMI once the loan is over.

Review your portfolio yearly with Certified Financial Planner.

Create goal-based buckets. Assign investments clearly.

Plan tax-smart withdrawals in retirement.

This kind of structured planning gives security and peace of mind. It prepares you for every life event.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment