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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |8151 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Apr 23, 2024

Ramalingam Kalirajan has over 23 years of experience in mutual funds and financial planning.
He has an MBA in finance from the University of Madras and is a certified financial planner.
He is the director and chief financial planner at Holistic Investment, a Chennai-based firm that offers financial planning and wealth management advice.... more
Sai Question by Sai on Oct 10, 2023Hindi
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Hi Sir, i am planing to start SIP monthly 20K for next 10 years, please suggest some good mutual funds

Ans: Starting an SIP is like planting a tree; with regular care and the right environment, it can grow steadily over time. Given your investment horizon of 10 years and monthly investment of 20K, you have a good opportunity to benefit from the power of compounding and market growth.

Considering the long-term nature of your investment, a diversified approach can be beneficial. You might consider allocating your SIP across various categories like large-cap, mid-cap, and flexi-cap funds to spread the risk and capture growth opportunities across market segments.

Large-cap funds are like the sturdy trunk of a tree, offering stability and consistent growth. Mid-cap funds can be likened to the branches, offering growth potential with slightly higher risk. Flexi-cap funds, on the other hand, act like the leaves, adapting to market conditions and capturing opportunities across the board.

Remember, past performance is not indicative of future results, but funds with a consistent track record and experienced fund managers can be a good starting point. It's also crucial to review and possibly rebalance your portfolio periodically to ensure it aligns with your financial goals and risk tolerance.

It would be beneficial to consult with a financial advisor who can help tailor a portfolio that suits your needs and guides you through market fluctuations. Happy investing!
DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information to be as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision.
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Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |8151 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Sep 26, 2024

Money
Please suggest best mutual funds for investing Rs. 2,000/- monthly as an SIP for the next 10 years and what will i get after 10 years ??
Ans: Planning a Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) of Rs 2,000 per month for 10 years is a smart way to create wealth. This consistent investment strategy allows you to take advantage of compounding and rupee cost averaging, ensuring your money grows steadily. Let’s explore how you can maximize returns while minimizing risks, given the 10-year horizon.

Key Factors for Mutual Fund Selection
1. Investment Horizon
You are investing for 10 years, which gives you enough time to consider equity-oriented mutual funds. Equity mutual funds tend to offer higher returns over long periods but come with some short-term volatility. Since you have a decade, you can safely invest in these high-growth funds.

2. Risk Tolerance
Equity mutual funds carry risks due to market fluctuations. However, over a 10-year horizon, these risks tend to even out. If you can handle some volatility and focus on long-term growth, you can expect better returns. On the other hand, if you prefer more safety, you can balance your portfolio with a small portion of hybrid or debt funds.

3. Expected Returns
Mutual funds, especially equity-oriented ones, have historically offered returns in the range of 10% to 12% annually over long-term periods. However, these returns are not guaranteed and may vary based on market conditions. The power of compounding works best over extended periods, allowing your investment to grow exponentially towards the later years.

SIP Benefits Over 10 Years
1. Rupee Cost Averaging
When you invest Rs 2,000 every month, you buy more units when the market is low and fewer when the market is high. This strategy helps you average out the cost of buying mutual fund units over time, making market fluctuations work in your favor.

2. Discipline and Consistency
A SIP brings discipline into your financial life. With a fixed Rs 2,000 invested monthly, you don’t have to worry about timing the market. It removes emotional decision-making and ensures consistent investment towards your goal.

Recommended Mutual Fund Categories
1. Equity Mutual Funds
For your 10-year investment horizon, focusing on equity mutual funds is a great idea. These funds primarily invest in stocks and have the potential to provide better long-term growth. You may look into large-cap and multi-cap funds for stability, along with some mid-cap funds for higher growth potential. Actively managed equity funds are beneficial because professional fund managers adjust portfolios to manage risks and enhance returns.

Pros:
Higher returns over the long term.
Professional fund management to navigate market fluctuations.
Cons:
Short-term volatility.
Requires a long-term commitment for good returns.
2. Hybrid Funds
If you want to balance risk and return, hybrid mutual funds are a good option. These funds invest in a mix of equity and debt, providing a more balanced approach. They reduce risk compared to pure equity funds while still offering decent growth prospects.

Pros:
Balanced risk due to debt allocation.
Lower volatility compared to equity funds.
Cons:
Lower returns than pure equity funds.
Less aggressive growth potential over long term.
3. Debt Funds
If safety is your top priority, you may include a small portion in debt mutual funds. These funds are low-risk but offer lower returns, typically around 6% to 7%. Including debt funds could reduce overall risk but also lowers the growth potential of your portfolio.

Pros:
Lower risk, suitable for conservative investors.
Stable and predictable returns.
Cons:
Lower returns compared to equity.
May not keep pace with inflation over the long term.
Expected Wealth After 10 Years
Assuming an average annual return of 10% to 12% from equity mutual funds, here’s an approximate idea of what your Rs 2,000 monthly SIP could grow into after 10 years:

At a 10% return, you could accumulate around Rs 4 lakh to Rs 4.5 lakh.

At a 12% return, this amount could be higher, reaching around Rs 5 lakh.

These figures are based on historical performance, and actual returns may vary. The beauty of SIPs is that they allow your money to grow steadily over time, and you can increase your SIP amount if your financial situation improves.

The Importance of Regular Funds
When investing in mutual funds, it’s advisable to go for regular funds through a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) or Mutual Fund Distributor (MFD). The key advantage here is the guidance and expertise you receive. Direct funds might have lower fees, but they do not offer professional advice or support, which is crucial when making long-term investment decisions.

Disadvantages of Direct Funds:
No professional guidance.
Difficult to manage and rebalance portfolio on your own.
Benefits of Regular Funds:
Expert advice from Certified Financial Planners.
Help in choosing the right fund mix.
Rebalancing and portfolio review over time.

Final Insights
Investing Rs 2,000 monthly in mutual funds through SIPs for 10 years can help you create wealth and achieve your financial goals. Here’s a summary of what to keep in mind:

Opt for Equity Funds: These offer the best growth potential for your 10-year horizon.

Consider Hybrid Funds: If you want to balance risk and reward, hybrid funds offer stability.

Start Early and Be Consistent: The longer you stay invested, the better your returns will be.

Seek Professional Guidance: Invest through regular funds with the help of a Certified Financial Planner to ensure you’re on the right path.

By consistently investing Rs 2,000 per month, you could accumulate a significant amount over 10 years. The key is to choose the right mix of funds, stay invested for the long term, and let compounding work its magic.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

..Read more

Ramalingam

Ramalingam Kalirajan  |8151 Answers  |Ask -

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Oct 16, 2024

Money
I want to invest money in sip for 20 years continue, so please tell me the best mutual funds for long term investment, im fully confused...?
Ans: Investing in mutual funds through a Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) for 20 years is an excellent approach to wealth creation. It allows you to take advantage of the power of compounding, rupee-cost averaging, and market growth over time. With a long-term horizon, your portfolio can absorb market volatility and grow consistently. Let's break down the essential aspects to help you make the right choice.

Why SIP is Ideal for Long-Term Investment
SIPs are highly recommended for investors with a long-term horizon, especially if you want to invest consistently. By investing a fixed amount each month, you buy more units when prices are low and fewer units when prices are high. Over time, this smoothens out market volatility.

Benefits of SIP
Disciplined Investing: SIPs encourage consistent and regular investing, which helps you avoid market timing.

Rupee Cost Averaging: When markets are down, your fixed monthly investment buys more units, and when markets rise, it buys fewer. This balances out your average cost of units over time.

Power of Compounding: The longer your money remains invested, the higher the compounded returns. A 20-year period gives significant room for growth.

Importance of Actively Managed Funds Over Index Funds
Many investors get confused between actively managed funds and index funds. For a long-term investment like yours, actively managed funds provide significant advantages. Index funds simply track a specific index like Nifty or Sensex. While they are low-cost, they have limitations.

Disadvantages of Index Funds
No Flexibility: Index funds can’t adapt to market changes. They replicate the index, so if the index drops, your fund will too.

Lower Returns Potential: Index funds only aim to match market returns, not beat them. Actively managed funds, on the other hand, are designed to outperform the market over the long term.

No Downside Protection: Active fund managers can shift assets from equity to safer assets during downturns, offering some protection. Index funds cannot do this.

Benefits of Actively Managed Funds
Potential for Higher Returns: Actively managed funds have experienced fund managers who can pick the best stocks based on market trends, analysis, and future outlook.

Flexibility: Fund managers have the flexibility to adjust their portfolios based on changing economic conditions, which is essential for long-term growth.

Tactical Moves: Managers can invest in sectors or companies that they believe will outperform in the future, boosting returns.

Choosing the Right Mutual Funds
Since you are investing for 20 years, your portfolio needs to have a mix of equity and debt funds. The equity portion will give you growth, while the debt portion will provide stability. Let's examine the different categories of funds that suit your long-term SIP investments.

1. Large-Cap Funds
Large-cap funds invest in established, blue-chip companies with strong performance records. Over a 20-year period, large-cap funds offer stability with decent returns.

Why Consider Large-Cap Funds: They are less volatile than mid-cap or small-cap funds. While they might not provide the highest returns, they offer reliability and steady growth over the long term.

2. Flexi-Cap Funds
Flexi-cap funds invest across large, mid, and small-cap companies. This flexibility allows fund managers to invest in companies with high growth potential, regardless of size.

Why Consider Flexi-Cap Funds: These funds balance risk and return effectively by investing in companies of various sizes. They take advantage of market opportunities as they arise and are better suited for a 20-year horizon where different sectors may perform at different times.

3. Mid-Cap and Small-Cap Funds
Mid-cap and small-cap funds invest in smaller, fast-growing companies. Though riskier, they have the potential for higher returns over the long term.

Why Consider Mid-Cap and Small-Cap Funds: Over 20 years, the growth potential of mid and small companies can significantly outperform large-cap companies. However, these funds should be a smaller portion of your portfolio due to the higher risk.

4. Hybrid Funds
Hybrid funds, also known as balanced funds, invest in both equity and debt. They are ideal for investors looking for growth with reduced volatility.

Why Consider Hybrid Funds: Over a long period, these funds provide a balanced approach. The equity portion gives you growth, while the debt portion reduces risk and provides stability.

5. Sectoral and Thematic Funds
These funds focus on specific sectors such as technology, healthcare, or finance. While they can provide high returns if the sector performs well, they are also riskier.

Why Be Cautious with Sectoral Funds: Sectoral funds are not ideal for long-term SIPs unless you have a strong conviction about a particular sector. Diversified funds are a better bet for consistent returns over time.

The Role of Debt Funds in Your Portfolio
While equity funds provide growth, debt funds provide stability. Over a 20-year period, you will experience market volatility. Debt funds act as a cushion during these times, providing steady returns when the market is down.

Types of Debt Funds to Consider
Short-Term Debt Funds: These invest in bonds and other debt instruments with shorter maturities. They are less sensitive to interest rate changes and offer consistent returns.

Dynamic Bond Funds: These funds change their maturity profiles based on interest rate outlooks. They offer better returns than short-term funds during falling interest rate periods.

Why Consider Debt Funds: Debt funds are tax-efficient compared to traditional fixed deposits, especially over the long term. They are more liquid and offer better post-tax returns.

How to Build a Diversified Portfolio
A well-diversified portfolio will protect you from market volatility and ensure consistent returns over 20 years. Here’s how you can allocate your Rs 5,000 SIP per month across different funds.

Suggested Portfolio Allocation
Large-Cap Funds: 40% of your monthly SIP. This will give you stability and moderate growth.

Flexi-Cap Funds: 30% of your SIP. Flexi-cap funds balance risk and return well over the long term.

Mid/Small-Cap Funds: 20% of your SIP. These funds will add growth potential but should remain a smaller portion of your portfolio due to their higher risk.

Debt Funds: 10% of your SIP. This portion will provide stability and act as a cushion during market downturns.

Taxation Considerations
It's important to understand the tax implications of mutual fund investments, especially over a long period like 20 years. Here are the key taxation rules:

Equity Mutual Funds Taxation
Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG): Any gains above Rs 1.25 lakh are taxed at 12.5% if held for more than one year.

Short-Term Capital Gains (STCG): Gains on investments held for less than one year are taxed at 20%.

Debt Mutual Funds Taxation
Long-Term Capital Gains: Gains are taxed as per your income tax slab if held for more than three years.

Short-Term Capital Gains: Gains on investments held for less than three years are also taxed as per your tax slab.

Should You Invest Through Regular Funds?
Many investors are often confused about whether to invest in direct mutual funds or regular funds. Let’s understand why investing through regular funds via an MFD with CFP credentials might be beneficial.

Disadvantages of Direct Funds
No Guidance: In direct funds, you don’t get professional advice. You might miss out on better opportunities or face challenges in portfolio management.

Lack of Portfolio Monitoring: Direct funds require you to constantly monitor your portfolio. A Certified Financial Planner (CFP) can help you adjust your portfolio to align with market changes.

Benefits of Regular Funds Through MFD with CFP
Expert Guidance: Investing through an MFD ensures that a professional is managing your investments. They will recommend changes based on market conditions, your life stage, and goals.

Access to Better Opportunities: A CFP understands the market better and can provide insights on when to invest more or switch funds.

Long-Term Relationship: Investing with the help of an MFD builds a long-term relationship, ensuring that your investments are continuously optimized.

Finally
Investing in mutual funds through SIP for 20 years is a commendable approach. By selecting a combination of large-cap, flexi-cap, and mid-cap funds, you can strike a balance between risk and return. Including debt funds in your portfolio adds stability during market downturns. Remember to review your portfolio regularly with the help of a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) to make necessary adjustments.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

..Read more

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Milind

Milind Vadjikar  |1136 Answers  |Ask -

Insurance, Stocks, MF, PF Expert - Answered on Mar 25, 2025

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Hello! Advait ji, My Mom is 82 and gets family pension. She has 70 lakhs FD maturing in March 25. I would like to invest 10 lakhs in FD as emergency fund. Kindly advice how to invest the remaining 60 lakhs, which is risk free and gives good returns (better than FD) She has the following investment - 1. 10 lakhs in Edelweiss Multicap Fund - Gr 2. 2 lakhs 40 thousand in HDFC Flexicap Fund -Gr 3. 2 lakhs 40 thousand in HDFC Midcap Opportunities Fund 4. 2 lakhs 50 thousand in Invesco India Focused Fund 5. 2 lakhs 50 thousand in LIC MF Infrastructure Fund 6. 2 lakhs 50 thousand in Motilal Oswal Large and Mid-Cap 7. 2 lakhs 40 thousand in Nippon India Large Cap Fund 8. 2 lakhs 40 thousand in Nippon India Multicap Fund 9. 2 lakhs 40 thousand in Nippon India Small Cap Fund 10. 2 lakhs 40 thousand in Quant Small Cap Fund. Total Mutual fund investment of 32 lakhs. Apart from MF she has invested in Bajaj Allianz Life insurance plan, where she will investRs 2 Lakhs per year for 10 years. This is a guaranteed plan. She is comfortable running the house with her pension. However, please suggest shorter duration investments (5 yrs) Regards Namrata
Ans: Hello;

She may opt for any of these investment avenues:

1. Post office time deposit scheme(FDs offered by post office for 1,2,3 & 5 year tenure); Joint holding allowed; Premature withdrawal allowed after 6M. (Current ROI 6.9-7.5%)

2. NSC with a fixed tenure of 5 years; No premature withdrawal allowed. Can be held jointly(Current ROI 7.7%)

3. KVP: Although tenure is 9 yrs and 5 months, you may do premature encashment after 2.5 years; joint holding allowed;(Current ROI 7.5%)

You may approach a reliable postal agent to process these investments to avoid hassle of frequent post visits and associated hardships.

These are backed by GOI so no risk of default.

Hope this meets your requirements.

Best wishes;

...Read more

Dr Dipankar

Dr Dipankar Dutta  |1061 Answers  |Ask -

Tech Careers and Skill Development Expert - Answered on Mar 25, 2025

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I am a first year student at MIT Manipal,currently pursuing Electrical and Electronics engineering(EEE),and I am have been given a choice to apply for branch change in my institute either to CSE,Mathematics and Computing(MnC) or ECE in my second year. I did not study Computer Science in 11th and 12th, and I coding in C for the first time as part of my 1st year syllabus.I am not very much interested to coding,but I am learning it since it is there in the course syllabus. My parents suggest switching to CSE, but they are not engineers and do not have insights into the current job market. Since my batch will be passing out in 2028, I want to understand the job scenario for CSE, MnC, ECE, and EEE graduates by then. Among these,which branch provides better opportunities for core engineering jobs with good or decent salary and stability? I have heard that many ECE graduates end up in IT jobs due to lack of core industries-is that true?Would ECE be a better alternative to CSE for core jobs or is it better to stay in EEE? Also between CSE, ECE, and EEE, which has less competition in the job market while still offering good career prospects? Additionally, I want to know which branch is broader, with ample opportunities in both the government and private sectors, especially for core jobs with good pay and stability. base on futuret rends, would it be a wise decision to change my branch, or should I continue with EEE?
Ans: Happy to see that you have asked very logical questions. I can say that, since you are already in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE) at MIT Manipal and have the opportunity to change to CSE, Mathematics and Computing (MnC), or ECE, your decision should be based on:


Your Interests (Core Engineering vs Coding)
Job Market Trends for 2028 and Beyond
Competition & Industry Demand

Future Job Market (2028 & Beyond) for Each Branch
Branch Core Job Scope IT/Software Jobs Govt Jobs Competition Salary Stability
CSE Low (Software Focused) High Limited Very High High but Unstable
MnC Medium (AI/ML, Finance) High Limited High High but Research-Oriented
ECE Medium (VLSI, Chip Design, Telecom, IoT) High Moderate (ISRO, DRDO, PSU) High Medium-High
EEE High (Power, EVs, Automation, Energy, PSU) Moderate High (Railways, NTPC, BHEL, Govt) Low-Medium High & Stable

Should You Switch to CSE, MnC, or ECE?
If You Want Core Engineering Jobs with Stability
Best Option: Stay in EEE

If You Want a Balance Between Core & Software Jobs
Best Option: ECE

If You Want a High-Paying Private Sector Career (But Not Core Engineering)
Best Option: MnC or CSE

Hope this will help you in decision making.

...Read more

Milind

Milind Vadjikar  |1136 Answers  |Ask -

Insurance, Stocks, MF, PF Expert - Answered on Mar 25, 2025

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Hi sir I am investing when ever i have money not like in SIP. my most of investments are around 6 L invested in Quant different mutual funds. No a days i can see my all the Quant funds are going down. Im 34 years old female. My plan is 10 years. Can i exit from quant and invest in any some MF rather than getting more loss? Can you please review my portfolian. Do i need to exit from any MF. Since i'm maintaining too many MF. Thanks in advance. Mutual Funds List No' Scheme Name AMC Category Sub-category ISIN 1 DSP Small Cap Direct Plan Growth DSP Mutual Fund Equity Small Cap INF740K01QD1 2 Quant Focused Fund Direct Growth Quant Mutual Fund Equity Focused INF966L01853 3 Parag Parikh Flexi Cap Fund Direct Growth PPFAS Mutual Fund Equity Flexi Cap INF879O01027 4 Mirae Asset ELSS Tax Saver Fund Direct Growth Mirae Asset Mutual Fund Equity ELSS INF769K01DM9 5 JM Flexicap Fund Direct Plan Growth JM Financial Mutual Fund Equity Flexi Cap INF192K01CC7 6 Axis Growth Opportunities Fund Direct Growth Axis Mutual Fund Equity Large & MidCap INF846K01J46 7 Parag Parikh ELSS Tax Saver Fund Direct Growth PPFAS Mutual Fund Equity ELSS INF879O01100 8 Quant Small Cap Fund Direct Plan Growth Quant Mutual Fund Equity Small Cap INF966L01689 9 Canara Robeco Small Cap Fund Direct Growth Canara Robeco Mutual Fund Equity Small Cap INF760K01JC6 10 Motilal Oswal Midcap Fund Direct Growth Motilal Oswal Mutual Fund Equity Mid Cap INF247L01445 11 Nippon India Multi Cap Fund Direct Growth Nippon India Mutual Fund Equity Multi Cap INF204K01XF9 12 Nippon India Small Cap Fund Direct Growth Nippon India Mutual Fund Equity Small Cap INF204K01K15 13 ICICI Prudential Value Discovery Direct Growth ICICI Prudential Mutual Fund Equity Value INF109K012K1 14 Quant Flexi Cap Fund Direct Growth Quant Mutual Fund Equity Flexi Cap INF966L01911 15 Nippon India Small Cap Fund Direct Growth Nippon India Mutual Fund Equity Small Cap INF204K01K15 16 Quant ELSS Tax Saver Fund Direct Growth Quant Mutual Fund Equity ELSS INF966L01986 17 Aditya Birla Sun Life PSU Equity Fund Direct Growth Aditya Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund Equity Sectoral / Thematic INF209KB1O82 18 Quant Mid Cap Fund Direct Growth Quant Mutual Fund Equity Mid Cap INF966L01887 STOCKS LIST 1 APOLLO TYRES-EQ RE 1 2 ASIAN PAINTS EQ 1/ 3 BRITANNIA IND-EQ1/- 4 CG POWER-EQ2/ 5 IRCTCL-EQ2 6 NHPC LIMITED - EQ 7 TATA STEEL-EQ1/ 8 Deepak nitrate 9 LT 10 Narayana Hrudayalaya
Ans: Hello;

6 L worth investment in 18 different funds is spreading it too thin.

You have a time horizon of 10 years but how much corpus you want to accumulate after 10 years kindly clarify?

Also if you can specify the goal for which this investment is aimed at then it will help us to suggest suitably.

I will recommend you strategy to rationalize you MF holdings once you revert on the above points.

Thanks;

...Read more

Milind

Milind Vadjikar  |1136 Answers  |Ask -

Insurance, Stocks, MF, PF Expert - Answered on Mar 25, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Jan 26, 2025
Money
Sir, I am Mudassar, 40 years old, i have 3 childrens, 2 daughter and son. Sir, i need your suggestions/guidance becaz i am in very crtical situation. My take home salary is 40K and my father (retired age 74 ) salary is 35K , we both have personal laons to build house. I have two running LIC's , on which i have taken loan also. Recenlty we build own house , if i sell now, i will get around 42 to 45 Lakhs . My lloan detailsbelow ; 1. HDFC 7,20,000 emi 14K 2. Company emi 1,50,000 emi 4K 3. LIC loan 2 laks emi 2K 4. Father loan 4 lacks , two year remaining, emi 14K Total emi : 34K Apart from we are paying 15K monthy to chit fund , still 15 months remaining. Summary: Total sal 75 K , after laon and chit fund deducting , will get 26K to run home , including grocery, children fees , health etc... its very difficult to manage, and keep thinking to take extra loan .. as i said earlier , have two LIC's , i am.paying 56K every year . What i am thinking is, i will sell my house And clear all my laons .. and approximate i will have 25 Lakhs remeaing , so i will inest in mutual fund , SIP , SWP, index fund for long time investment .. So i.am in very confusing mode , whether i have to sell my house .. and start my investment journey... pls help sir .. My finacial conditions are very similar to all middle class family.. Request you to please reply and give your sugestion for investment joury. Awaiting your kind reply .. Thanks in advance ...
Ans: Hello;

Suppose you sell your house and clear your loans and other liabilities but where will you & your family stay?

How much rental per month would be required to get an adequate house on rent?

Please clarify. Based on your input we can advise you suitably.

Thanks;

...Read more

DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Investment in securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the related document carefully before investing. The securities quoted are for illustration only and are not recommendatory. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information and as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision. RediffGURUS is an intermediary as per India's Information Technology Act.

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