I had a career break of 1.5 years where i have exhausted most of my savings...i have started working last month with monthly earning of 70k and my expenses are 35k with no loan or emis. I also have a health insurance and term insurance. I am planning to get married after 2.5 yrs. How should i manage my expenses?

Ans: Dear Akshat,
It is difficult to predict when you will find your first relationship. But I can tell you that you are 19, and have the entire life ahead of you. You will find someone soon. Just talk and socialize with people, try to make new friends, try dating apps if you haven't and find the right kind of people from there. Finding love doesn't have a set timeline; it is different for different people. You will find yours too.

Best Wishes.

Ans: first connect KFin Technologies, details as follows:
Address: Selenium Tower B, Plot No. 31-32, Gachibowli, Financial District, Nanakramguda, Seri, Hyderabad - 500032, Telangana.
Website: kfintech.com.

Convert the shares in your name with all the necessary formalities as communicated by Kfintech and then approach the broker to convert to dmat through DRF.

Ans: You have reached 60 years. It’s a time to reduce risk and ensure peace of mind.

Preserving capital, ensuring liquidity, and keeping everything legally clean is now priority.

Let us now evaluate your situation from a long-term, 360-degree planning perspective.

? Current Focus on Plot Purchase Using Unaccounted Money

– You want to buy a plot in Hyderabad using mostly unaccounted cash.

– This poses multiple financial, legal, and compliance issues.

– Transactions involving black money are now highly monitored.

– Most plot registrations require Aadhaar, PAN, and payment trail.

– Authorities link property value with income and tax records.

– Later, if questioned, there can be heavy penalties and legal risk.

– This risk increases especially during property resale or while transferring to heirs.

– Encashing black money through real estate is not safe or recommended.

– It also keeps your wealth outside the formal system.

– At 60, this creates long-term complications for your family too.

? Why Real Estate is Not Suitable at This Stage

– You are 60. Your focus now should be liquidity, not locking funds in land.

– Land does not generate regular income.

– It also does not offer easy resale or emergency use.

– No tax benefit is available on land purchase or holding.

– Land values grow slowly and uncertainly. There's no guaranteed return.

– Maintenance, security, and encroachment risk add more headaches.

– At your age, you need peace, cash flow, and health cover—not land stress.

– You will need money regularly for medical, lifestyle, and family support.

– Don’t block money in immovable, illiquid assets.

? Better Options to Use and Regularise Undisclosed Money

– Cash or unaccounted money brings mental and legal burden.

– You can slowly regularise this through legal, compliant channels.

– Start using black money for day-to-day living expenses.

– Use it for cash-based spending like groceries, travel, utilities, repairs, gifts.

– This avoids the need to use white income for expenses.

– Then you can start investing your white money into mutual funds.

– Gradually reduce black money and build a formal portfolio.

– This transition takes time. But gives peace of mind.

– Don’t try to convert black into white via shortcuts. Most end up in trouble.

– Avoid giving or receiving cash during property purchase. It violates the law.

? Build a Legal Retirement Portfolio with White Money

– Your focus should be on building regular income now.

– Use white money to invest in mutual funds.

– Use regular plans through a certified financial planner.

– Actively managed funds are best for income, growth, and risk management.

– Avoid index funds. They fall with market and give no downside protection.

– Actively managed funds adapt to changing market conditions.

– Don’t go for direct plans. They give no advice or reviews.

– Regular plans through a CFP offer goal tracking, yearly review, and expert help.

– Start SIP or lump sum in hybrid mutual funds.

– Conservative hybrid or balanced advantage funds suit your age.

– They offer monthly income with moderate risk.

– You can use Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP) to get monthly payout.

– This payout can replace pension and support lifestyle.

– Funds also grow quietly in background, unlike land which remains idle.

? Create a Separate Health & Emergency Plan

– At 60, medical costs can rise anytime.

– If you don’t have separate health insurance, buy it now.

– Don’t depend only on company cover or savings.

– Health plans with top-up benefit work well for senior citizens.

– Premiums are higher now. But hospital bills can be much higher later.

– Add Rs 3L to Rs 5L in liquid fund or FD for emergency buffer.

– This avoids sudden sale of investments during crisis.

– Keep nominee and family aware about emergency money and investments.

– If any asset is held in cash or informal name, convert it to formal ownership.

– This helps avoid confusion for family members later.

? Pass on Wealth Smoothly to Your Heirs

– Unaccounted land or cash is hard to pass to children.

– Legal heirs may struggle to claim or prove ownership.

– Property held partly in black can create legal disputes later.

– Avoid keeping such complexity in your retirement years.

– Focus on clean, easy-to-transfer assets like mutual funds, PF, health cover, and savings.

– Mutual funds allow nomination. Transfer is simple and tax-efficient.

– Also prepare your Will to make things simple.

– A Will avoids future family conflict and court battles.

– Mention all mutual funds, PF, cash, bank, and insurance in the Will.

– Keep a copy with your family and one with a trusted person.

– Real estate with black component cannot be easily bequeathed.

– Legal disputes can delay or destroy family wealth.

? Avoid Emotional Attachment to Land Investments

– Many people keep land just for pride or future sale hope.

– But land doesn't solve your monthly needs.

– It won't pay for your medicine or grandchildren’s school.

– Don't keep it just for prestige or belief that value will rise.

– At your age, real value comes from peace, comfort, and regular income.

– It is better to have Rs 1 Cr in mutual funds than Rs 3 Cr in unsold land.

– Your children may not even want land in future.

– Modern generation prefers simple, liquid assets.

– Help them by keeping your wealth clean and useful.

? If Still Insisting on Plot Purchase

– If you still want to buy land, use only white money.

– Register full value. Don’t do under-registration or cash portion.

– Keep proof of income source and transaction record.

– Don’t do benami deals. Always buy in your name or your heir’s name.

– Be careful of land scams, illegal layouts, and disputed plots.

– Do legal due diligence through a registered lawyer.

– Check ownership title, conversion status, and municipal approvals.

– Don't go for layouts promising huge returns. Many are just sales pitches.

– Even if plot is purchased, don’t expect monthly income from it.

– So don’t consider it as part of retirement plan.

? Finally

– You have reached a stage where simplicity is wealth.

– Real estate bought with black money brings stress and legal issues.

– Instead, use cash for living expenses, and invest white money wisely.

– Avoid further land purchases now. It does not suit your age and goals.

– Start mutual fund investments with a certified financial planner.

– Use regular plans, not direct or index funds.

– Actively managed funds offer stability, growth and monthly income.

– Build emergency buffer. Get separate health insurance.

– Plan Will and family protection. Keep all assets in legal, traceable names.

– A peaceful and financially clean retirement is the best gift to your family.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP
Chief Financial Planner
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

Ans: the corrective action would be converting Axis large cap fund to nippon large cap fund, all others are good, stay invested

Ans: You have built a strong foundation through years of effort.

Starting your career early and accumulating high-value real estate, pension, PF, and stocks shows your hard work.

Now the focus should be on balancing your portfolio and preparing for a secure retirement and children’s future.

? Assessment of Current Asset Allocation

– Your portfolio is highly skewed towards real estate.

– Around Rs 11 Cr worth of property holds the majority of your wealth.

– Real estate is illiquid. It can't be used quickly in emergencies.

– EMI burden of Rs 2.8 Cr is very high. Nearly 50% of your income goes to loans.

– Rent from real estate is Rs 1.25L monthly. But not all EMIs are covered from this.

– Some properties are self-occupied or lying vacant. That adds pressure on cash flow.

– Your PF of Rs 1.2 Cr is a strong retirement safety block.

– Pension policy of Rs 31L with 6% post-tax return is slow growing.

– You also have Rs 60L in company stocks and Rs 8L in IPO/equity.

– Mutual fund holding is just Rs 1L. That’s too low for your age and goal.

– You are 48 years old now. You may have just 7 years to build liquidity.

– Children’s education and your retirement need focused capital. Not locked-up wealth.

? Immediate Action Points for Emergency and Loan Pressure

– You mentioned emergencies are hard to handle due to EMIs.

– This is a clear sign of asset-rich, cash-flow-poor situation.

– Sell one property where rent yield is low or appreciation potential is weak.

– Use the sale proceeds to repay at least one high EMI loan fully.

– Focus on closing loans that are not self-funded by rent.

– Freeing up monthly EMI will reduce stress and give breathing space.

– Keep part of sale proceeds in FD or liquid mutual fund as emergency fund.

– Emergency fund must cover at least 6 to 12 months of EMI plus expenses.

– Without this, any sudden issue may break your entire financial structure.

– Don’t delay this decision. Debt stress must be tackled first.

? Health and Term Insurance Gaps

– You have only employer health cover. This is a serious risk.

– If job stops or you retire, the cover goes away.

– Immediately buy a separate health insurance policy for self and family.

– Start with Rs 10L floater. Add top-up of Rs 20L with Rs 10L deductible.

– This gives total protection without high premium.

– Medical inflation is rising fast. Don’t ignore this gap.

– Also check your term insurance coverage.

– It must be at least 10–15 times your annual income.

– This protects your family if something happens before retirement.

– Add accidental and disability rider if not present.

– Insurance is not an investment. It is protection. Keep that clear.

? Handling the Under Construction Property Commitment

– You committed Rs 3.3 Cr towards new flats. Rs 2 Cr is still pending.

– This payment is linked to construction. So outflow is not in one shot.

– But this is a huge financial load over the next 2–3 years.

– Be very cautious about how you fund it.

– If these properties are meant for resale or rental, plan exit carefully.

– Don’t block funds into another immovable, illiquid asset.

– Review the benefit of continuing with all three flats.

– If any flat looks overvalued or delay-prone, exit even if it means loss.

– Delay in completion can derail your retirement and kids’ plans.

– Don’t emotionally hold on to property dreams.

– You need liquidity, not more buildings.

? Plan for Retirement – Targeting Rs 1.5L Monthly

– You want Rs 1.5L per month post-retirement.

– That equals Rs 18L per year in future terms.

– You have 7 years to build a stable income source for 25–30 years post-retirement.

– Real estate cannot support this alone. Rentals don’t rise with inflation.

– Liquidity is key. Shift wealth to flexible, tax-efficient options.

– Start monthly SIP in actively managed mutual funds via regular plan route.

– Don’t invest in direct plans. They don’t provide reviews or support.

– Don’t choose index funds. They lack downside protection and can fall badly.

– You need portfolio rebalancing and goal alignment every year.

– Only actively managed funds give that advantage.

– Use a certified financial planner to set SIPs based on future income needs.

– Mix large-cap, flexi-cap and hybrid equity funds.

– Add conservative hybrid fund or debt fund bucket from year 5 onwards.

– Gradually reduce equity exposure 2 years before retirement.

– Shift SIPs to retirement-focused funds in later years.

– Keep PF corpus untouched until retirement. It gives tax-free returns and safety.

– Plan staggered withdrawals from mutual funds after retirement.

– Don’t withdraw lump sum. Use SWP (Systematic Withdrawal Plan) smartly.

? Funding Children’s Higher Education

– Kids are teenagers now. Graduation and higher education is your near-term goal.

– Estimate cost and year of admission for both children.

– Create a separate education goal corpus for each child.

– Sell or partially redeem some company stock or equity holding.

– Reinvest that into mutual funds earmarked for kids’ education.

– Don't use pension policy or PF for this goal.

– Choose goal-based mutual funds based on timeline.

– For under 3-year horizon, use conservative hybrid or short-duration funds.

– For 3–5 years, use hybrid equity-oriented funds.

– For above 5 years, equity funds with large-cap and flexi-cap exposure are suitable.

– Start SIP or STP from liquid fund to manage volatility.

– Don’t depend on real estate for kids’ education. It may not sell in time.

– Also avoid education loans if possible. They reduce post-retirement flexibility.

? IPO, Stock, and Equity Holdings

– Your current equity stocks and IPOs are around Rs 8L.

– These can be volatile. Do regular reviews to assess risk.

– Don’t depend heavily on company stock either.

– Your Rs 60L in company stock is a concentration risk.

– Diversify it gradually into mutual funds.

– Redeem in phased manner to avoid tax impact.

– Remember new mutual fund tax rules:

LTCG above Rs 1.25L taxed at 12.5%

STCG taxed at 20%

– Plan redemptions smartly to reduce tax liability.

– Company shares may not be liquid or may fall in tough times.

– Mutual funds are more flexible and diversified.

? Starting Your Mutual Fund Journey

– Start with regular plans only. Don’t go for direct plans.

– Direct plans lack guidance and proper risk management.

– Regular plans with certified financial planner help you stay on track.

– Actively managed funds give higher potential and expert handling.

– You need SIPs aligned to your goals – retirement and education.

– Label SIPs separately for kids and self.

– Rebalance portfolio every year to align risk and returns.

– Add a hybrid mutual fund as you near retirement.

– Don’t stop SIP during market fall. That’s when you accumulate better units.

– Mutual funds are your liquidity builder. Give them the focus now.

? Final Insights

– Your real estate success is the foundation.

– Now you must balance it with liquidity and flexibility.

– Sell one low-performing property. Use it to close loan and create emergency fund.

– Start investing monthly in mutual funds for both retirement and kids’ future.

– Don’t buy more real estate. Don’t delay mutual fund entry.

– Take health insurance immediately.

– Diversify out of company stock. Don't over-concentrate.

– Track each goal with its own investment plan.

– Use mutual funds to create cash flow post-retirement.

– Avoid index funds. Stick to active mutual funds through regular plans.

– Involve a certified financial planner to manage, track and adjust each year.

– You are close to financial freedom. A few bold actions now can make it real.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP
Chief Financial Planner
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

Ans: Aneesha, NIT Surathkal’s M.Tech in Marine Structures is a long-established program under the Department of Applied Mechanics and Hydraulics, focusing on advanced marine and offshore structural engineering. The institute is highly ranked nationally, offers extensive infrastructure (including digital libraries, well-equipped labs, campus amenities, and strong hostel facilities), and reports a 73–75% placement rate for M.Tech with an average package around ?12–13 lakh and top recruiters in the engineering and infrastructure sector. Faculty are experienced, research output is robust with funded projects, and students benefit from multidisciplinary academic exposure. IIT Tirupati’s M.Tech in Transportation Engineering, though newer, benefits from the IIT system’s prestige, state-of-the-art campus, modern labs, and digital resources. The program focuses on highway, urban, and infrastructure transport engineering, reporting a placement rate near 54%, with growing corporate and academic linkages and access to research in emerging transportation systems. Faculty are actively engaged in national projects, and infrastructure is top notch, but large-scale industry affiliations are still developing as the campus expands.

Recommendation: NIT Surathkal Marine Structures is preferable for its consistently higher placement rates, mature industry connections, and a legacy of strong alumni support in core engineering domains. IIT Tirupati Transportation Engineering is an ideal alternative if you seek an IIT label, modern campus, and specialization in emerging transport technologies, but NIT Surathkal offers better immediate career prospects and an established platform for structural engineering. All the BEST for a Prosperous Future!

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Ans: Aneesha, NIT Surathkal’s M.Tech in Marine Structures is a long-established program under the Department of Applied Mechanics and Hydraulics, focusing on advanced marine and offshore structural engineering. The institute is highly ranked nationally, offers extensive infrastructure (including digital libraries, well-equipped labs, campus amenities, and strong hostel facilities), and reports a 73–75% placement rate for M.Tech with an average package around ?12–13 lakh and top recruiters in the engineering and infrastructure sector. Faculty are experienced, research output is robust with funded projects, and students benefit from multidisciplinary academic exposure. IIT Tirupati’s M.Tech in Transportation Engineering, though newer, benefits from the IIT system’s prestige, state-of-the-art campus, modern labs, and digital resources. The program focuses on highway, urban, and infrastructure transport engineering, reporting a placement rate near 54%, with growing corporate and academic linkages and access to research in emerging transportation systems. Faculty are actively engaged in national projects, and infrastructure is top notch, but large-scale industry affiliations are still developing as the campus expands.

Recommendation: NIT Surathkal Marine Structures is preferable for its consistently higher placement rates, mature industry connections, and a legacy of strong alumni support in core engineering domains. IIT Tirupati Transportation Engineering is an ideal alternative if you seek an IIT label, modern campus, and specialization in emerging transport technologies, but NIT Surathkal offers better immediate career prospects and an established platform for structural engineering. All the BEST for a Prosperous Future!

Follow RediffGURUS to Know More on 'Careers | Money | Health | Relationships'.

Ans: Regarding the engineering fields, there is no single "best" choice among metallurgy, mechanical, and chemical engineering. The best choice depends entirely on individual interests and career goals. My suggestion is to consider mechanical engineering first, followed by metallurgy, and then chemical engineering.
BEST WISHES.

Ans: There is MBA in Aviation sector. To get into Aviation you will have to do that course. Very few general MBA graduates who get into aviation directly.