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Dr Karthiyayini

Dr Karthiyayini Mahadevan  | Answer  |Ask -

General Physician - Answered on Mar 01, 2024

Dr Karthiyayini Mahadevan has been practising for 30 years.
She specialises in general medicine, child development and senior citizen care.
A graduate from Madurai Medical College, she has DNB training in paediatrics and a postgraduate degree in developmental neurology.
She has trained in Tai chi, eurythmy, Bothmer gymnastics, spacial dynamics and yoga.
She works with children with development difficulties at Sparrc Institute and is the head of wellness for senior citizens at Columbia Pacific Communities.... more
Asked by Anonymous - Feb 03, 2024Hindi
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How to test for cervical cancer? What are the warning signs?

Ans: Pap smear is the commonly used screening test
Spotting, foul smelling discharge per vaginas are warning signs
DISCLAIMER: The answer provided by rediffGURUS is for informational and general awareness purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical diagnosis or treatment.
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Dr Nandita

Dr Nandita Palshetkar  | Answer  |Ask -

Gynaecologist, IVF expert - Answered on Feb 12, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Feb 04, 2025Hindi
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I am 45 years old with a 12 year old daughter. What are the early signs of gynecological cancers, such as cervical or ovarian cancer, that women may overlook? Can early detection help improve survival rates?
Ans: Early signs of ovarian, cervical and breast cancer
1). OVARIAN CANCER:
Bloating
Abdominal pain cramps and discomfort
Pelvic pain
Change in bowel habits
Increase frequency of urination or dysuria
Fatigue
Irregular bleeding
Weight loss
CERVICAL CANCER:
Abnormal continuos vaginal discharge
vaginal bleeding after sex.
vaginal bleeding after menopause.
vaginal bleeding between periods or periods that are heavier or longer than normal.
vaginal discharge that is watery and has a strong odor or that contains blood.
pelvic pain or pain during sex.
BREAST CANCER
Lump in breast
Lump in axilla
Redness on lump if breast
Abnormal venous dilation on breast
Orange peel appearance of breast skin
Abnormal or bloody discharge of nipples
Pap smears, mammograms and colonoscopies all offer a way to detect cancer early —
The 2 tests used most often (in addition to a complete pelvic exam) to screen for ovarian cancer are transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and the CA-125 blood test.
Regular gynecological exams, including Pap smears and HPV tests, are used to help screen for cervical cancer.
Mammograms
Self-breast examination helps in early detection of breast cancer.
Yes, early detection of ovarian, cervical, and breast cancers significantly improves survival rates, as cancers caught in their early stages are more treatable and have a much higher chance of successful treatment compared to when diagnosed at later stages; this is why regular screening for these cancers is strongly recommended.

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Dr Nandita

Dr Nandita Palshetkar  | Answer  |Ask -

Gynaecologist, IVF expert - Answered on Feb 12, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Feb 04, 2025Hindi
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How accurate are routine gynecological check-ups in detecting cancer? Do you think women can opt for specialised screenings for certain types of cancers? Please advice.
Ans: A gynecological examination, while a part of routine cancer screening, is not highly accurate on its own for detecting most cancers, particularly in early stages; a pelvic exam is particularly poor at detecting ovarian cancer, and a Pap smear is primarily used for cervical cancer screening, meaning further tests like biopsies are usually needed for definitive diagnosis of most gynecological cancers.
Certain screening test are available to rule out cancers:
For women, the most common screening tests to rule out cancer include mammograms for breast cancer, Pap smears (along with HPV tests) for cervical cancer, and regular pelvic exams.
Mammograms:
An X-ray of the breast that can detect cancerous lumps early when they are easier to treat.
Pap smear:
A test that examines cells collected from the cervix to identify abnormal cell changes that could develop into cervical cancer. Me
HPV test:
Detects the human papillomavirus (HPV) which is a major risk factor for cervical cancer.
Co-Test: HPV WITH DNA
Endometrial cancer
Endometrial cancer often presents early with vaginal bleeding after menopause. Routine transvaginal ultrasound can be done.
IF NEEDED endometrial biopsy done and sent for testing for grading the endometrial cancer.
Ovarian cancer
A CA-125 blood test can indicate high levels of a biomarker that may be a sign of ovarian cancer along with other tumor markers CEA, LDH, AFP, ca19.9 Roma index
If needed MRI can be done to detect the extent of spread.
Self-breast examination
Once a month post menses can help patient to detect sny lump in breast or axilla or any nipple changes.
These screening methods help in early diagnoses n treatment of cancers in early stage.

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Latest Questions
Nayagam P

Nayagam P P  |10854 Answers  |Ask -

Career Counsellor - Answered on Dec 14, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 12, 2025Hindi
Career
Hello, I am currently in Class 12 and preparing for JEE. I have not yet completed even 50% of the syllabus properly, but I aim to score around '110' marks. Could you suggest an effective strategy to achieve this? I know the target is relatively low, but I have category reservation, so it should be sufficient.
Ans: With category reservation (SC/ST/OBC), a score of 110 marks is absolutely achievable and realistic. Based on 2025 data, SC candidates qualified with approximately 60-65 percentile, and ST candidates with 45-55 percentile. Your target requires scoring just 37-40% marks, which is significantly lower than general category standards. This gives you a genuine advantage. Immediate Action Plan (December 2025 - January 2026): 4-5 Weeks. Week 1-2: High-Weightage Chapter Focus. Stop trying to complete the entire syllabus. Instead, focus exclusively on high-scoring chapters that carry maximum weightage: Physics (Modern Physics, Current Electricity, Work-Power-Energy, Rotation, Magnetism), Chemistry (Chemical Bonding, Thermodynamics, Coordination Compounds, Electrochemistry), and Maths (Integration, Differentiation, Vectors, 3D Geometry, Probability). These chapters alone can yield 80-100+ marks if practiced properly. Ignore topics you haven't studied yet. Week 2-3: Previous Year Questions (PYQs). Solve JEE Main PYQs from the last 10 years (2015-2025) for chapters you're studying. PYQs reveal question patterns and difficulty levels. Focus on understanding why answers are correct, not memorizing solutions. Week 3-4: Mock Tests & Error Analysis. Take 2-3 full-length mock tests weekly under timed conditions. This is crucial because mock tests build exam confidence, reveal time management weaknesses, and error analysis prevents repeated mistakes. Maintain an error notebook documenting every mistake—this becomes your revision guide. Week 4-5: Revision & Formula Consolidation. Create concise formula sheets for each subject. Spend 30 minutes daily reviewing formulas and key concepts. Avoid learning new topics entirely at this stage. Study Schedule (Daily): 7-8 Hours. Morning (5:00-7:30 AM): Physics concepts + 30 PYQs. Break (7:30-8:30 AM): Breakfast & rest. Mid-morning (8:30-11:00): Chemistry concepts + 20 PYQs. Lunch (11:00-1:00 PM): Full break. Afternoon (1:00-3:30 PM): Maths concepts + 30 PYQs. Evening (3:30-5:00 PM): Mock test or error review. Night (7:00-9:00 PM): Formula revision & weak area focus. Strategic Approach for 110 Marks: Attempt only confident questions and avoid negative marking by skipping difficult questions. Do easy questions first—in the exam, attempt all basic-level questions before attempting medium or hard ones. Focus on quality over quantity as 30 well-practiced questions beat 100 random questions. Master NCERT concepts as most JEE questions test NCERT concepts applied smartly. April 2026 Session Advantage. If January doesn't deliver desired results, April gives you a second chance with 3+ months to prepare. Use January as a practice attempt to identify weak areas, then focus intensively on those in February-March. Realistic Timeline: January 2026 target is 95-110 marks (achievable with focused 50% syllabus), while April 2026 target is 120-130 marks (with complete syllabus + experience). Your reservation benefit means you need only approximately 90-105 marks to qualify and secure admission to quality engineering colleges. Stop comparing yourself to general category cutoffs. Most Importantly: Consistency beats perfection. Study 6 focused hours daily rather than 12 distracted hours. Your 110-mark target is realistic—execute this plan with discipline. All the BEST for Your JEE 2026!

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Dr Dipankar

Dr Dipankar Dutta  |1840 Answers  |Ask -

Tech Careers and Skill Development Expert - Answered on Dec 13, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 12, 2025
Career
Dear Sir/Madam, I am currently a 1st year UG student studying engineering in Sairam Engineering College, But there the lack of exposure and strict academics feels so rigid and I don't like it that. It's like they don't gaf about skills but just wants us to memorize things and score a good CGPA, the only skill they want is you to memorize things and pass, there's even special class for students who don't perform well in academics and it is compulsory for them to attend or else the student and his/her parents needs to face authorities who lashes out. My question is when did engineering became something that requires good academics instead of actual learning and skill set. In sairam they provides us a coding platform in which we need to gain the required points for each semester which is ridiculous cuz most of the students here just look at the solution to code instead of actual debugging. I am passionate about engineering so I want to learn and experiment things instead of just memorizing, so I actually consider dropping out and I want to give jee a try and maybe viteee , srmjeee But i heard some people say SRM may provide exposure but not that good in placements. I may not be excellent at studies but my marks are decent. So gimme some insights about SRM and recommend me other colleges/universities which are good at exposure
Ans: First — your frustration is valid

What you are experiencing at Sairam is not engineering, it is rote-based credential production.

“When did engineering become memorizing instead of learning?”

Sadly, this shift happened decades ago in most Tier-3 private colleges in India.

About “coding platforms & points” – your observation is sharp

You are absolutely right:

Mandatory coding points → students copy solutions

Copying ≠ learning

Debugging & thinking are missing

This is pseudo-skill education — it looks modern but produces shallow engineers.

The fact that you noticed this in 1st year already puts you ahead of 80% students.

Should you DROP OUT and prepare for JEE / VITEEE / SRMJEEE?

Although VIT/SRM is better than Sairam Engineering College, but you may face the same problem. You will not face this type of problem only in some top IITs, but getting seat in those IITs will be difficult.
Instead of dropping immediately, consider:

???? Strategy:

Stay enrolled (degree security)

Reduce emotional investment in college rules

Use:

GitHub

Open-source projects

Hackathons

Internships (remote)

Hardware / software self-projects

This way:

College = formality

Learning = self-driven

Risk = minimal

...Read more

DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Investment in securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the related document carefully before investing. The securities quoted are for illustration only and are not recommendatory. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information and as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision. RediffGURUS is an intermediary as per India's Information Technology Act.

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