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Harsh

Harsh Bharwani  |63 Answers  |Ask -

Entrepreneurship Expert - Answered on Aug 24, 2023

Harsh Bharwani is a fourth generation entrepreneur.
As CEO and managing director, he leads the international business and employability initiatives at the computer networking institute, Jetking Infotrain Limited.
After graduating from Delhi University, Bharwani joined the family business in 2010 and set up operations in the US and Vietnam.
He has trained over three lakh students in employability, confidence and key life skills.... more
Asked by Anonymous - Jul 03, 2023Hindi
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Hello Mr. Harsh, I want to start a company dealing with electric motor and battery for two wheeler vehicles. I can start the company ASAP however want to know the key requirements for certification and generating sales of the product. Can you please help me on this ?

Ans: Encyclopedically, the automotive assiduity is passing through a paradigm shift. The once century has been the period of the internal combustion machine( ICE) primarily on account of the ease of use, vacuity, and low cost of fossil energies. The shift to electric mobility has come necessary on account of the fast reduction of fossil energies, rapid-fire increase in energy costs, impact of transportation on the terrain, and enterprises over climatic change.
EVs are gaining fashionability in the business. Hence, OEMs are obliged to insure the safety of the public. With the increase in the use of Electric scooters and electric buses , it'll need ease of use for consumers. Robust testing and instruments can help to meet both the below-mentioned objects. Some of the other reasons for standardization are Social demand, minimal safety conditions, Performance demand, Quality during the product life cycle, Technological advancement, Access to global requests Standardization is governed by colorful government agencies.
CMVR is a specialized standard commission, AISC is the Automotive Indian Standard Committee, Standing Committee on Emission Legislation- SCOE, and Bureau of Indian norms-BIS. Testing of colorful factors in an electric vehicle must be done for its part in the operation, trustability, continuity, safety, effectiveness, etc. CMVR has blessing testing in the Verification, safety, and performance orders. Type of blessing Testing Under CMVR https//e-vehicleinfo.com/electric-vehicles-in-india-arai-standards-and-regulation/Category and Type of blessing needed For EVs in India? No CMVR instrument is needed for vehicles falling specification with 250W( 30 twinkles power of motor) of a maximum speed of 25 kmph. still, similar vehicles need to misbehave with the following effects White mirrors on the frontal side Red mirrors on the hinder side thickets A vehicle without a battery must weigh below 60 kg.
Government Regulation Framework for Electric Vehicles Some of the global regulations are rolled out by SAE, AIS by CMVR, and UN ECE Regulations R100 R101 R85 for electric vehicles. AIS norms are for electric vehicles in India, Some of the regulations are AIS038, 039, 040, 041, 048, and 049. AIS038 demand for construction and functional safety AIS039 dimension of electrical energy consumption( Wh/ km). AIS040 system of measuring the range. AIS041 dimension of net power and maximum 30 min power. AIS049 CMVR type blessing for EV. AIS048 Safety conditions for traction batteries. Hybrid Electric Vehicle order vehicles have to misbehave with AIS102 Part 1 and Part 2. Antique- fitment is another business model in the electric vehicle sphere. The old vehicles with internal combustion machines which are being attached with the electric tackle have to follow AIS123 Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3. AIS138 Part1, Part2/ IS 17017 standard applies for charging structure. AIS131 type- blessing procedure for electric and cold-blooded electric vehicles introduced in the request for airman/ demonstration systems intended for a government scheme. For L Category Vehicles, AIS156( in line with UN R136) covers the following points Vibration test Thermal shock and cycling test Mechanical drop test for removable REESS Mechanical shock Fire resistance External shock circuit protection Overcharge protection Over-discharge protection Over-temperature protection.
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Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Dec 18, 2024

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 17, 2024Hindi
Money
Question on Financial Planning: I am 53 years old and took retirement in 2023, a year ago. I have a corpus of approximately ?20 crores allocated as follows: ?6.5 crores in stocks ?5 crores in mutual funds ?5 crores in debt instruments ?2 crores in gold ?1.8 crores in a savings bank account** (to cover the next 12 years of household expenses). My monthly expenses are approximately ?1 lakh, and I receive: ?70,000 per month as house rent (?8.4 lakhs annually) ?10 lakhs annually as dividends from stocks. I have allocated ?5 crores in debt instruments to fund the higher education of my two sons (expenses will arise after 1 year and after 4 years). My goal is to grow my equity portfolio over the next 12 years since I do not depend on it for my current monthly expenses. Additionally: I have adequate health insurance. I own properties worth ?7.5 crores. I have no liabilities. My query: Is my financial planning on track, or do you see any areas for improvement or correction? I am open to suggestions for optimizing my investments, especially considering my goals of equity growth, funding my sons' education, and maintaining a comfortable retirement.
Ans: Your financial planning reflects strong foresight and effective resource allocation. With a corpus of Rs. 20 crores and no liabilities, your position is financially stable. Let us evaluate your financial setup from a 360-degree perspective and suggest areas for optimisation.

Assessment of Current Allocations
Equity Portfolio: Stocks (Rs. 6.5 Crores)
Your equity allocation reflects a growth-oriented approach.
A diversified stock portfolio is ideal for long-term growth.
Ensure the portfolio is well-balanced across sectors and market capitalisations.
Mutual Funds (Rs. 5 Crores)
Mutual funds provide diversification and professional management.
Review the fund categories to maintain a mix of large-cap, mid-cap, and flexi-cap funds.
Regular performance reviews are essential to optimise returns.
Debt Instruments (Rs. 5 Crores)
Allocating Rs. 5 crores for your sons’ education is prudent.
Ensure the debt investments are in low-risk instruments like bonds or fixed deposits.
Laddering maturity dates aligns well with your sons’ educational timelines.
Gold (Rs. 2 Crores)
Gold provides stability during market volatility.
Keep it as a hedge against inflation but avoid further allocation to this asset.
Savings Account (Rs. 1.8 Crores)
Holding Rs. 1.8 crores for 12 years of expenses is a cautious approach.
Move a part of this amount into liquid funds for better returns with liquidity.
Income and Monthly Expenses
Rental Income (Rs. 8.4 Lakhs Annually)
Rental income covers 70% of your monthly expenses.
Ensure the rental property is well-maintained to sustain consistent returns.
Dividends (Rs. 10 Lakhs Annually)
Dividend income provides an additional safety net.
Reinvest surplus dividends into mutual funds for compounded growth.
Monthly Expenses (Rs. 1 Lakh)
Your monthly expenses are comfortably managed.
Maintain a contingency fund of at least Rs. 20-25 lakhs for unexpected costs.
Recommendations for Optimising Equity Portfolio
Focus on Quality Stocks

Prioritise stocks of companies with strong fundamentals and consistent earnings.
Avoid overexposure to any single sector or company.
Systematic Equity Investments

Add to your equity portfolio gradually through Systematic Transfer Plans (STPs).
This reduces market timing risks.
Regular Portfolio Review

Review the equity portfolio annually.
Exit underperforming stocks and reallocate to high-growth opportunities.
Enhancing Mutual Fund Returns
Diversify Fund Selection

Include funds with different strategies to maximise returns.
A Certified Financial Planner can help identify high-performing funds.
Avoid Direct Mutual Funds

Regular funds offer advisory support for timely rebalancing.
This helps navigate market volatility effectively.
Utilise Tax-Efficient Withdrawals

Plan withdrawals systematically to reduce tax liability on capital gains.
Debt Instruments: Securing Educational Goals
Low-Risk Instruments for Predictable Returns

Allocate funds to secure options like government bonds, fixed deposits, or debt mutual funds.
Match the maturity timelines with educational milestones.
Avoid Premature Withdrawals

Breaking long-term debt investments can reduce returns.
Use other funds for emergencies to protect this allocation.
Optimising Gold Allocation
Retain as a Hedge

Gold should form no more than 10% of your portfolio.
Avoid further investments unless there are specific requirements.
Leverage Gold for Liquidity

Gold-backed loans can provide temporary liquidity if needed.
Savings Account Allocation
Move Funds to Liquid Investments

Savings account returns are suboptimal for such a large balance.
Move funds into liquid funds for higher returns and liquidity.
Emergency Fund Segregation

Retain Rs. 50 lakhs for immediate emergencies.
Invest the rest in short-term debt instruments or liquid funds.
Maintaining a Comfortable Retirement
Healthcare Planning

Ensure health insurance policies are adequate for critical illnesses.
Maintain a separate corpus for medical emergencies.
Contingency Fund Maintenance

Keep Rs. 20-25 lakhs readily accessible for unforeseen expenses.
Review this fund periodically to adjust for inflation.
Estate Planning

Draft a will to avoid disputes and ensure smooth wealth transfer.
Assign nominees for all investments and properties.
Taxation Considerations
Equity Taxation

Long-term capital gains (LTCG) above Rs. 1.25 lakhs are taxed at 12.5%.
Short-term capital gains (STCG) are taxed at 20%.
Debt Taxation

Debt instruments are taxed as per your income tax slab.
Choose tax-efficient options like tax-free bonds if needed.
Dividend Income

Dividends are taxed at your marginal income tax rate.
Reinvest dividends for tax-efficient growth.
Final Insights
Your financial plan is well-structured and aligns with your goals. However, optimising your equity and mutual fund allocations can enhance growth potential. Move idle funds from your savings account into liquid investments for better returns. Review and rebalance your portfolio periodically with the help of a Certified Financial Planner. Your current strategy provides a secure foundation for funding education, retirement, and wealth growth.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

...Read more

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