I am looking for personal finance advice. I am a working processional (private company) based out of Bangalore and 40 years old. I am married (wife at 34 years) with a kid of 6 years. I also have parents, father at 70 years and mother at 65 years. So total members in my family is 5. I am planning to work in Bangalore for maximum 3 more years and will relocate to Kolkata, and try to find out a less stressful job for myself. Overall, the total liquid asset we have is 5 cr INR. Father gets pension 40,000 INR per month. Apart from these 2, we don't have any other asset. We have floating health insurance of 13 Lakhs, which covers all 5 of us. After I relocate to Kolkata, how should we plan to invest 5 Cr to ensure we have a moderate lifestyle, can cover my sons higher education, and occasional domestic vacation? Note: After relocating to Kolkata, I am my wife both will look for some work, to cover our monthly expenses, but until that happens, we need to plan everything with our existing assets. Looking for expert opinion please. Thanks in advance.

Ans: Thank you for sharing the details of your financial situation. I understand your goals and concerns, and I appreciate the effort you’ve put into securing your family’s future. Let's analyze your financial position and provide a comprehensive plan for your children's education, their marriage, and your retirement.

Understanding Your Financial Situation
Current Income and Assets
Monthly NRI Salary: Rs 5 lakhs
Upcoming Indian Salary: Rs 2.3 lakhs per month
Plot in Bangalore: 30x40
Active Agricultural Land: 5 acres
EPF Balance: Rs 30 lakhs
Bank Balance: Rs 10 lakhs
Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana: Rs 10,000 per month (Rs 4 lakhs in account)
Gold Jewelry: 750 grams (500 gm yours, 250 gm wife’s)
Agricultural Land (Wife’s name): 1.5 acres
Recent Stock Investment: Rs 1 lakh (wife’s name)
Current Family Expenses: Rs 1 lakh per month
Term Insurance: Rs 1 crore
Plan to Construct Home: Rs 1 crore (rent: Rs 40,000 per month)
Plan to Buy Car: Rs 15 lakhs (in less than 2 years)
Own Home in Village
Current Car: Old Santro
Financial Goals
Children’s education
Children’s marriage
Retirement corpus
Construct home and generate rental income
Purchase a car
Evaluating Your Assets
EPF Balance
Your EPF balance of Rs 30 lakhs is substantial but hasn’t been performing well. It’s crucial to reassess this investment and consider moving a portion to other instruments that may offer better returns.

Agricultural Land and Plot
Agricultural land and the plot in Bangalore are valuable assets. The agricultural land in your wife’s name has real estate potential, which can be considered for future use or sale.

Gold
Gold is a secure investment and can be used as a safety net in times of need. It’s good to have a portion of your assets in gold.

Stock Market Investment
Investing in stocks can yield high returns, but it’s also risky. Ensure you’re diversifying adequately to manage risk.

Planning for Children’s Education and Marriage
Education
Estimate Future Costs: Education costs are rising. Estimate the future costs for both your children’s education. Consider inflation and choose investments accordingly.

Investment Vehicles: SIPs in mutual funds are an effective way to build an education corpus. Diversify between equity and debt funds for balanced growth and safety.

Marriage
Estimate Marriage Expenses: Determine a realistic amount for marriage expenses considering current trends and inflation.

Long-Term Investments: For long-term goals like marriage, consider investing in PPF, Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana (for your daughter), and balanced mutual funds.

Retirement Planning
Retirement Corpus
Calculate Corpus Needed: Estimate the amount you’ll need to maintain your lifestyle post-retirement. Consider inflation and life expectancy.

Diversified Portfolio: A mix of mutual funds, fixed deposits, and pension schemes can help create a robust retirement corpus.

Monthly Contributions
Systematic Investments: Allocate a portion of your salary towards SIPs in mutual funds. Diversify between equity, debt, and hybrid funds for balanced growth and safety.

EPF and PPF: Continue contributing to EPF and PPF. They offer tax benefits and relatively secure returns.

Construction of Home and Rental Income
Construction Plan
Budget Management: Ensure the construction cost of Rs 1 crore is within your budget. Consider taking a home loan if necessary but ensure it’s manageable within your salary.

Rental Income: The expected rental income of Rs 40,000 per month will help supplement your monthly income. This can be allocated towards your children’s education or marriage fund.

Tax Benefits
Home Loan Interest: Utilize tax benefits on home loan interest under Section 24(b) of the Income Tax Act.

Principal Repayment: Avail of tax deductions on the principal repayment under Section 80C.

Buying a Car
Budget Allocation
Down Payment and Loan: Decide on the down payment and the amount to be financed through a loan. Ensure the EMI is affordable within your post-return salary.

Savings Plan: Start a dedicated savings plan for the car purchase to avoid large financial strain at the time of purchase.

Maintaining Emergency Fund
Emergency Fund
Allocate Funds: Maintain an emergency fund equivalent to 6-12 months of your monthly expenses. This ensures financial stability in case of unforeseen circumstances.

Liquid Investments: Keep the emergency fund in liquid investments like savings accounts or liquid mutual funds for easy access.

Risk Management
Insurance
Health Insurance: Ensure adequate health insurance coverage for your entire family. Consider enhancing your current health insurance plan given the rising medical costs.

Term Insurance: Your Rs 1 crore term insurance is good. Reassess the coverage to ensure it meets your family’s needs.

Diversification
Diversified Portfolio: Diversify your investments across various asset classes to reduce risk and improve returns.

Regular Review: Regularly review your investment portfolio and rebalance it to align with your financial goals and risk tolerance.

Creating a Financial Plan
Setting Clear Goals
Specific Goals: Define specific financial goals for your children’s education, their marriage, and your retirement.

Timeframes: Set realistic timeframes for each goal to help in planning and tracking progress.

Monthly Budget
Income Allocation: Allocate your income towards various expenses, savings, and investments. Ensure you’re saving and investing a significant portion of your income.

Expense Tracking: Track your expenses to ensure you stay within your budget and can allocate more towards savings and investments.

Professional Guidance
Certified Financial Planner (CFP): Consult a CFP to help create a detailed financial plan tailored to your needs and goals.

Regular Monitoring: Regularly monitor and review your financial plan with your CFP to make necessary adjustments based on changing circumstances.

Final Insights
You have a solid foundation with various assets and a good income. By strategically planning your investments and expenses, you can comfortably achieve your financial goals. Focus on diversifying your investments, maintaining an emergency fund, and seeking professional advice. This will ensure your children’s education and marriage are well-funded, and you can enjoy a comfortable retirement.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

Ans: Hi,

Welcome back to India and Congratulations on taking this big decision to move back to India.

Before I start my response to your queries, just want you to know we share a couple of things in common. I was abroad for a considerable time and returned back to India and I was also in the IT field at that time, before I moved ship to Personal Finance and Financial Planning. So I can relate to some of your concerns, queries and thought process in that regard.

This may be a bit long but hopefully its helpful.
Your current Financial summary -
Cash/Liquid funds - INR 4 Crores
PPF equivalent - INR 70 Lakhs available at age 65
Inherited properties - valued at INR 30 crores no plan to liquidate as of now
Salary/Income - INR 1.3 lakhs per month in hand

As a few critical data points are not mentioned but with few indicators in queries, I will make some assumptions for the same - Age 37 years, Location for housing/work - Metro/2nd tier city.

Lets get a couple of things kept aside for this discussion -
PPF equivalent - INR 70 lakhs > for retirement can grow to an amount between INR 2 Crores (@4% returns) to INR 4.5 Crores (@7% returns), will cover this again when I mention Retirement below.
Inherited Properties - as there is no plan for liquidation, excluding this completely.

Decisions to be made -
1. Investment Options
2. Housing Buy/Rent
3. Financial freedom/independence

Lets go through each of these and I will add more for your consideration as they will have a weightage on all future decisions.

1. Investment Options
A> Commercial real estate with investment on INR 4 Crores and return of INR 1.5 lakhs per month
Pros -
Regular month income
Commercial Real Estate asset

Cons -
Return on Investment is 4.5% before reducing charges for maintenance, may be below 4% net in hand
Rental Income is taxable (added to other incomes and taxed as per slab rate) expect highest tax rate of 30% as total income will exceed INR 30 lakhs (Salary + rent)
All available funds will be deployed

Note - Commercial real estate appreciation is primarily based on location. Capital gains on Commercial real estate attract tax at 20% as of now.

B> Lets consider an alternative approach assuming investment is for a long term which is usually for real estate assets e.g. 20 years
Invest INR 4 Crores in Mutual funds.
A well diversified portfolio can generate 12% returns over the long term. The Corpus after 20 years will be over INR 38 Crores.

But considering your requirement for a monthly income from this investment, lets do another approach. Split your Investment.
Invest INR 2 Crores in a well diversified Mutual Funds portfolio expecting a 12% return - Corpus at the end of 20 years = INR 19+ crores
For regular income, Invest INR 2 Crores in Balanced Advantage mutual funds and considering a modest return of 10% (last 10 years data will show higher returns). Keep investment for 1 year before withdrawing to attract Long term Capital Gains tax (tax efficient approach). After 1 year you can receive INR 1.5 lakhs per month (increasing at 5% annually) for the next 20 years.

Pros -
Investment generates higher rate of return, Corpus growing/compounding at 12% return
Regular month income
Investment returns are more tax efficient
Flexibility to deploy all or partial funds towards building a corpus
Corpus can be liquidated in future much faster and easily than Real estate

Cons -
No real estate asset

Recommendation - Approach B is recommended as this will provide liquidity and appreciation towards wealth creation. This will also provide availability of funds for a new venture as and when required if that becomes a viable option in the future.

2. Housing Buy/Rent
If you plan to stay in India for long and settle down (not clearly indicated considering career options), you can consider buying a house property. But if the work location is not what you believe to be the place where you would like to settle down, then start with a Rental option and over time reconsider location for buying option.

Buying Property
Pros -
Asset is generated
Stability of residence if/when self occupied
Some amount of tax deductions/exemptions can be claimed if Loan is taken

Cons -
A large amount of funds required/blocked for full payment / partial payment (with loan)
EMI on Loan reduces income/funds in hand
EMI is much higher than rent
Locked to the property, change will be expensive

Renting Property
Pros -
Capital is not deployed immediately
Rent can be claimed for tax benefits
Provide opportunity to consider long term housing decision
Difference between EMI and Rent can be Invested to generate a good corpus
Flexibility to move jobs across locations

Cons
No Asset is generated
Rent is an expense
No sense of ownership in the house you stay

So in summary, the decision is more individual and how you perceive the house property as an asset. For flexibility to settle down in your career in India I can recommend to start with a Rental option and I am sure in a few years you will know where and what to buy (if at all) towards your house property. Also Location is again critical towards budget and type of housing to consider.

3. Financial freedom/independence
This is probably more important than we realize. With time if we accumulate debt through loans, and expenses, this is one goal which takes a back seat.
Assuming you have worked on the above 2 goals and finalized your options/approach for them, I would strongly recommend you plan your monthly expenses and cash in/outflows to understand what amount you have in hand that can be considered towards savings for the future.
With a long road ahead in your work life (another 20+ years), Asset allocation needs to be considered when planning to deploy your savings. Equity based investment can provide health returns for investments that are for more than 7 years and a well diversified Mutual Fund portfolio can achieve this. For requirements within 5-7 years do consider debt products to park your money and earn modest returns giving priority to liquidity and safety.

Few very important points are not mentioned but I would like to highlight and you should start considering them immediately.

1. Life Insurance - Buy a Term Life plan for yourself and once your wife starts earning, for her too. The amount needs to be calculated and my final recommendation (last para below) will cover this. Start with INR 50 lakhs and keep adding based on the Financial plan.

2. Health Insurance - Buy a good coverage for Family (even though you may have some with your employer). Recommend to go upto 1 Crore (and there are multiple options Base cover + Top-up covers for this).

3. Emergency Funds - Keep aside at least 6-9 months of expenses as emergency funds in a safe and liquid investment e.g. Fixed Deposits.

4. Your child's education - Within another 1.5 years schooling (pre-primary) will start and the education expenses are not as easily managed now. They will require a plan as they escalate very quickly as the child moves towards higher levels of education. Education inflation is in the range of 12% ~ 15% on average. So depending on what your decide for the school/education institute, this becomes a considerable amount and if unplanned may erode your corpus very quickly.

5. Though you have mentioned Retirement briefly, the PPF-equivalent amount will not be sufficient for retirement. Retirement typically at 60 years of age demands a corpus to cover the next 20-25 years of lifespan. Considering inflation may be just getting covered by the modest returns on your INR 70 lakhs fund, you are definitely short on the retirement side.

As you can see we have not considered the inherited property in this discussion, it can have a considerable impact towards your over financial plan.

Though I have provided some responses to your individual queries, this will still need a more comprehensive Financial Planning.
Hence I strongly recommend you approach a Certified Financial Planner and go through the process to arrive at a Financial plan which will be in sync with your Life plan. A CFP will take into account all aspects of your personal preferences and guide you towards various options and alternatives you can consider. The comprehensive Financial plan will include/cover all aspects of Investment management, Risk management (life and health Insurance), Retirement planning and Tax management - a tax efficient approach towards your requirements. Please remember just as Life is ever changing and evolving for each of us, so will your Financial plan require the changes and evolution to stay relevant for you, and this is where a CFP will add the most value when you have a long association. A CFP will plan and re-plan your goals and its requirements over the years and provide options and recommend the amounts and product categories to consider for each of them.

Best wishes for you to settle down and hope the above has provided a start towards it.

Thanks & Regards
Janak Patel
Certified Financial Planner.

Ans: You are 40 years old, married, and have one child. Your parents are dependent, and your son is 6 years old. You are in Bangalore now, planning to move to Kolkata in 3 years. You have Rs. 5 crores in liquid assets. You also have Rs. 13 lakhs health cover for your entire family.

This is a strong financial base. Let us build on it with clarity and caution. Below is a 360-degree plan for your financial future.

Understanding Your Financial Landscape
You are in a life transition phase, which needs structured planning.

The liquidity of Rs. 5 crore gives you flexibility to manage changes easily.

You have 5 dependents including your spouse, child, and parents. All must be factored in.

Your parents are aging, and their health care needs will rise with time.

Your son’s education needs will peak in 10–12 years. You must be prepared well before that.

You are considering a lifestyle shift, so passive income must be planned smartly.

Your goal is to maintain a moderate lifestyle, provide for education, and enjoy vacations.

Lifestyle Management during Transition
Your moderate lifestyle can be sustained for now with your savings.

You plan to work in Kolkata after 3 years, but there may be an income gap.

You must set aside a specific reserve for 3 years of household expenses.

This ensures peace of mind while you find suitable work in Kolkata.

Once income starts again, you can reduce dependence on your corpus.

Allocation of Rs. 5 Crores: Structured Investment Plan
Let us split the Rs. 5 crore based on financial priorities. Each portion will have a clear objective.

1. Emergency and Lifestyle Buffer: Rs. 75 Lakhs
Set aside Rs. 75 lakhs for emergencies and living costs for 3-4 years.

Invest in ultra-short-duration or liquid mutual funds, through a Certified Financial Planner.

This will give returns better than savings accounts and fixed deposits.

Keep some part in a sweep-in FD for immediate access.

This covers any temporary gaps after moving to Kolkata.

2. Son’s Higher Education Fund: Rs. 1.25 Crore
Your son is 6 years old now. You have 10–12 years before college.

Allocate Rs. 1.25 crore specifically for this education goal.

Choose diversified mutual funds across flexicap, large and mid-cap categories.

Use SIPs and lumpsum wisely to balance risk and growth.

Avoid index funds. They only follow the market and lack active monitoring.

Actively managed funds give better long-term returns with expert decision-making.

Use only regular plans through a Certified Financial Planner.

Avoid direct mutual funds. They lack guidance and portfolio review support.

With regular monitoring, you can course-correct based on your child’s aspirations.

Track this fund separately to avoid dipping into it for other needs.

3. Retirement Corpus Building: Rs. 2 Crore
You are only 40, so you have 15–20 years to build a strong retirement pool.

Start investing in long-term focused mutual funds, primarily equity-oriented.

Use a mix of flexicap, focused, and multi-cap funds.

This Rs. 2 crore corpus should be left untouched until age 58–60.

Avoid annuities. They give poor returns and no inflation protection.

Through mutual funds, your returns can grow with inflation and time.

Systematic withdrawal plans (SWP) post-retirement will offer tax-efficient income.

You can increase SIPs once you and your spouse find new jobs.

This pool ensures your old age is stress-free and independent.

4. Health and Eldercare Provision: Rs. 50 Lakhs
Your parents are above 65. Future medical expenses will increase.

Your current floater cover is Rs. 13 lakhs. This may be inadequate later.

Keep Rs. 50 lakhs aside for health emergencies.

Invest in low-risk hybrid mutual funds for better-than-FD returns.

Use part of this fund to buy a separate senior citizen policy if needed.

Maintain a medical buffer of Rs. 10 lakhs in a liquid fund for quick access.

For long-term medical care or nursing support, this reserve will be crucial.

Do not touch this fund for lifestyle or education purposes.

5. Domestic Vacation and Leisure Fund: Rs. 25 Lakhs
Family trips and leisure refresh your mind and relationships.

You may want to travel once a year or twice in two years.

Allocate Rs. 25 lakhs in a short-term debt mutual fund.

Withdraw annually using SWP for travel plans.

This way, your fund earns while also serving your goals.

Keep the budget flexible based on other income sources once you relocate.

Don’t let lifestyle inflation impact your other critical goals.

Income During Relocation Phase: What If You Don't Earn?
Assume you and your wife take time to find a job in Kolkata.

Use the Rs. 75 lakhs lifestyle buffer to manage for 3 years.

Withdraw monthly using SWP for tax efficiency and regular income.

If income starts earlier, you can reduce withdrawal and extend corpus life.

Don’t withdraw from the retirement or education fund.

You can also do part-time work or freelancing to reduce dependency on corpus.

Inflation Management and Risk Balancing
Your goals are long-term, and inflation will reduce value of money.

Equity mutual funds are your best friend here for long-term growth.

Keep 60–65% of your Rs. 5 crore in equity-oriented funds.

Rest 35–40% should be in debt or hybrid funds for short-term needs.

Review allocation once in 6–12 months with your Certified Financial Planner.

Do not react to market ups and downs emotionally.

Your time horizon is long, and markets reward patience.

Taxation Strategy on Mutual Funds
Equity fund gains above Rs. 1.25 lakh yearly are taxed at 12.5%.

Short-term gains are taxed at 20%.

Debt mutual fund gains are taxed as per your income slab.

SWP from equity funds can be tax-friendly if planned properly.

Track all fund transactions to manage capital gains efficiently.

Do not redeem fully unless absolutely required.

Role of Your Wife in Financial Planning
Encourage your wife to also take up work once in Kolkata.

Even a part-time income can reduce pressure on the corpus.

Her income can be used to restart SIPs or cover health expenses.

Both of you should stay financially engaged and share planning responsibility.

Retirement Planning Beyond Age 60
Once you and your wife stop working fully, use SWP from retirement fund.

This method offers monthly income and tax optimisation.

Combine SWP with the pension your father receives.

Consider gifting strategies later to your son if corpus grows beyond your needs.

Planning for Your Son's Future Support
Start SIPs in your son’s name through your guardianship.

When he turns 18, you can transfer funds legally to him.

Teach him basic money management as he grows up.

Avoid burdening him with financial responsibilities too early.

Legal and Documentation Readiness
Make a Will to mention your asset distribution preferences.

Add nominee details in all investments and insurance plans.

Keep joint holdings to ensure easy access in case of emergency.

Update address and contact details after shifting to Kolkata.

Don't Make These Common Mistakes
Don’t keep too much money idle in savings account or fixed deposit.

Don’t get influenced by tips from social media or relatives.

Don’t switch funds based on short-term performance.

Don’t mix insurance with investment. Use term insurance only.

Don’t delay action thinking you still have time. Start now.

Don’t chase quick returns. Prioritise long-term safety and stability.

Finally
You are in a very strong financial position right now.

You are aware, responsible, and thinking ahead for your family.

With the right planning and discipline, your Rs. 5 crore can support all your life goals.

You can give your son good education, maintain a relaxed lifestyle, and retire with freedom.

Stay focused on your plan and don’t get distracted.

Review your plan once every 6 to 12 months with your Certified Financial Planner.

That will keep your investments on the right track.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment