Need Expert Advice?Our Gurus Can Help
Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow
Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on May 29, 2024
Ramalingam Kalirajan has over 23 years of experience in mutual funds and financial planning.
He has an MBA in finance from the University of Madras and is a certified financial planner.
He is the director and chief financial planner at Holistic Investment, a Chennai-based firm that offers financial planning and wealth management advice.... more
He has an MBA in finance from the University of Madras and is a certified financial planner.
He is the director and chief financial planner at Holistic Investment, a Chennai-based firm that offers financial planning and wealth management advice.... more
Question by PARTHA on Apr 05, 2023Hindi
Dear Sir, I am 53 years, and planning to do SWP for Rs. 3 Lacs ...it would be better than MIS in Bank/PO.... what is minimum/maximum return may earn in SWP whether itis monthy/qtly/yearly......Partha P. Chowdhury..
Ans: Assessment of Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP) vs. Monthly Income Scheme (MIS):
Understanding Your Financial Situation:
At 53 years of age, planning for regular income streams is a prudent financial decision as you approach retirement.
Your consideration of SWP as an alternative to Monthly Income Scheme (MIS) in banks or post offices reflects a proactive approach towards optimizing your income sources.
Evaluation of Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP):
SWP allows you to withdraw a fixed sum periodically from your mutual fund investments, providing a steady income stream.
Unlike MIS in banks or post offices, SWP offers the flexibility to choose withdrawal frequencies such as monthly, quarterly, or yearly based on your cash flow requirements.
SWP from mutual funds potentially offers higher returns compared to MIS, as mutual funds invest in a diversified portfolio of assets, including equities, which have the potential for capital appreciation over the long term.
Assessment of Potential Returns:
The minimum and maximum returns from SWP depend on various factors such as the underlying performance of the mutual fund scheme, market conditions, and the chosen withdrawal frequency.
While SWP provides the opportunity for capital appreciation and higher returns over the long term, it also exposes your investments to market volatility, which may impact the returns.
Historical data suggests that equity-oriented mutual funds have delivered average annual returns ranging from 10% to 15% over the long term, although past performance does not guarantee future results.
By diversifying your investments across asset classes and opting for a systematic withdrawal approach, you can mitigate risk and potentially enhance returns over time.
Comparison with Monthly Income Scheme (MIS):
MIS in banks or post offices typically offer fixed interest rates, providing predictable but relatively lower returns compared to equity-oriented mutual funds.
While MIS offers capital protection and stable income, it may not keep pace with inflation, leading to a decline in purchasing power over time.
SWP from mutual funds, on the other hand, has the potential to generate inflation-beating returns and preserve the purchasing power of your capital over the long term.
Recommendations:
Considering your age and income requirements, SWP from mutual funds can be a suitable option to generate regular income while potentially achieving higher returns compared to traditional income schemes.
Consult with a Certified Financial Planner to assess your risk tolerance, investment objectives, and cash flow needs to determine the most appropriate withdrawal frequency and mutual fund schemes for your SWP strategy.
In conclusion, SWP from mutual funds offers the flexibility, potential for capital appreciation, and inflation-beating returns that may be superior to traditional income schemes like MIS in banks or post offices, provided it aligns with your risk profile and financial goals.
Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
Understanding Your Financial Situation:
At 53 years of age, planning for regular income streams is a prudent financial decision as you approach retirement.
Your consideration of SWP as an alternative to Monthly Income Scheme (MIS) in banks or post offices reflects a proactive approach towards optimizing your income sources.
Evaluation of Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP):
SWP allows you to withdraw a fixed sum periodically from your mutual fund investments, providing a steady income stream.
Unlike MIS in banks or post offices, SWP offers the flexibility to choose withdrawal frequencies such as monthly, quarterly, or yearly based on your cash flow requirements.
SWP from mutual funds potentially offers higher returns compared to MIS, as mutual funds invest in a diversified portfolio of assets, including equities, which have the potential for capital appreciation over the long term.
Assessment of Potential Returns:
The minimum and maximum returns from SWP depend on various factors such as the underlying performance of the mutual fund scheme, market conditions, and the chosen withdrawal frequency.
While SWP provides the opportunity for capital appreciation and higher returns over the long term, it also exposes your investments to market volatility, which may impact the returns.
Historical data suggests that equity-oriented mutual funds have delivered average annual returns ranging from 10% to 15% over the long term, although past performance does not guarantee future results.
By diversifying your investments across asset classes and opting for a systematic withdrawal approach, you can mitigate risk and potentially enhance returns over time.
Comparison with Monthly Income Scheme (MIS):
MIS in banks or post offices typically offer fixed interest rates, providing predictable but relatively lower returns compared to equity-oriented mutual funds.
While MIS offers capital protection and stable income, it may not keep pace with inflation, leading to a decline in purchasing power over time.
SWP from mutual funds, on the other hand, has the potential to generate inflation-beating returns and preserve the purchasing power of your capital over the long term.
Recommendations:
Considering your age and income requirements, SWP from mutual funds can be a suitable option to generate regular income while potentially achieving higher returns compared to traditional income schemes.
Consult with a Certified Financial Planner to assess your risk tolerance, investment objectives, and cash flow needs to determine the most appropriate withdrawal frequency and mutual fund schemes for your SWP strategy.
In conclusion, SWP from mutual funds offers the flexibility, potential for capital appreciation, and inflation-beating returns that may be superior to traditional income schemes like MIS in banks or post offices, provided it aligns with your risk profile and financial goals.
Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information to be as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision.
MoneyReply
You may like to see similar questions and answers below
Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow
Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jun 18, 2024
Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow
Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jul 19, 2024
Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow
Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Feb 06, 2025
Milind Vadjikar | Answer |Ask -Follow
Insurance, Stocks, MF, PF Expert - Answered on Apr 24, 2025
Naveenn Kummar |233 Answers |Ask -Follow
Financial Planner, MF, Insurance Expert - Answered on Sep 24, 2025
Latest Questions
Nayagam P P |10852 Answers |Ask -Follow
Career Counsellor - Answered on Dec 07, 2025
Hello, I’m a student who recently joined the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita University. I’m aiming for a strong academic foundation and a clear career path. Could you please guide me on the following: How good is this course for research careers or higher studies (IISc, IITs, abroad)? What are the placement prospects after Integrated M.Sc Physics at Amrita? Does the program help in preparing for alternate options like UPSC, CDS/AFCAT, or technical roles? What skills (coding, research projects, certifications) should I start early to make the most of this degree?
Ans: Sree, Program Overview and Academic Foundation: Congratulations on joining the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita University. This five-year integrated program represents a rigorous pathway designed to equip you with advanced theoretical and experimental physics knowledge combined with cutting-edge scientific computing skills. The curriculum uniquely integrates a minor in Scientific Computing, which adds substantial computational capability to your profile—a critical advantage in today's research and professional landscape. The program incorporates comprehensive coursework spanning classical mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, statistical physics, advanced laboratory work, and specialized topics in materials physics, optoelectronics, and computational methods, positioning you excellently for both research and professional careers.
Research Career Prospects: IISc, IITs, and Beyond: For research-oriented careers, the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita provides an exceptional foundation. Amrita's curriculum specifically aligns with GATE and UGC-NET examination syllabi, and the institution emphasizes early research engagement. The faculty at Amrita actively publish research in Scopus-indexed journals, with over 60 publications in international venues within the past five years, exposing you to active research environments.
To pursue research at premier institutions like IISc, you would typically follow the PhD pathway. IISc accepts M.Sc graduates through their Integrated PhD programs, and with your Amrita M.Sc, you're eligible to apply. You'll need to qualify the relevant entrance examinations, and your integrated program's emphasis on research fundamentals provides strong preparation. The final year of your Integrated M.Sc is intentionally structured to be nearly free of classroom commitments, enabling engagement with research projects at institutes like IISc, IITs, and National Labs. According to Amrita's data, over 80% of M.Sc Physics students secured internship offers from reputed institutions during academic year 2019-20, directly facilitating research career transitions.
Placement and Direct Employment Opportunities: Amrita University boasts a comprehensive placement ecosystem with strong corporate and government sector connections. According to NIRF placement data for the Amrita Integrated M.Sc program (5-year), the median salary in 2023-24 stood at ?7.2 LPA with approximately 57% placement rate. However, these figures reflect general placement trends; physics graduates often secure higher packages in specialized technical roles. Many graduates join software companies like Infosys (with early offers), Google, and PayPal, where their strong analytical and computational skills command competitive compensation packages ranging from ?8-15 LPA for entry-level positions.
The Department of Corporate and Industrial Relations at Amrita provides intensive three-semester life skills training covering linguistic competence, data interpretation, group discussions, and interview techniques. This structured placement support significantly enhances your employability in both government and private sectors.
Government Sector Opportunities: UPSC, BARC, DRDO, and ISRO: Your M.Sc Physics degree opens multiple avenues for prestigious government employment. UPSC Geophysicist examinations explicitly list M.Sc Physics or Applied Physics as qualifying degrees, enabling you to compete for Group A positions in the Geological Survey of India and Central Ground Water Board. The age limit for geophysicist positions is 32 years (with relaxation for reserved categories), and the exam comprises preliminary, main, and interview stages.
BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre) actively recruits M.Sc Physics graduates as Scientific Officers and Research Fellows. Recruitment occurs through the BARC Online Test or GATE scores, with positions in nuclear science, radiation protection, and atomic research. BARC Summer Internship programs are available, offering ?5,000-?10,000 monthly stipends with opportunity for future scientist recruitment.
DRDO (Defense Research and Development Organization) recruits M.Sc Physics graduates through CEPTAM examinations or GATE scores for roles involving defense technology, weapon systems, and laser physics research. ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) regularly advertises scientist/engineer positions through competitive recruitment for candidates with strong physics backgrounds, offering opportunities in satellite technology and space science applications.
Other significant employers include the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) recruiting as scientific officers, and NPCIL (Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited), offering stable government service with competitive compensation packages exceeding ?8-12 LPA for scientists.
Alternate Career Pathways: UPSC, CDS, and AFCAT: UPSC Civil Services (IFS - Indian Forest Service): M.Sc Physics graduates qualify for UPSC Civil Services examinations, with the forest service offering opportunities for science-based administrative roles with potential to reach senior government positions.
CDS/AFCAT (Armed Forces): While AFCAT meteorology branches specifically require "B.Sc with Maths & Physics with 60% minimum marks," the technical branches (Aeronautical Engineering and Ground Duty Technical roles) require graduation/integrated postgraduation in Engineering/Technology. An M.Sc Physics integrates well with technical qualifications, though you would need engineering background for direct officer entry. However, you remain eligible for specialized technical interviews if applying through alternate defence channels.
UGC-NET Examination: This pathway leads to Assistant Professor positions in central universities and colleges across India. NET-qualified candidates receive scholarships of ?31,000/month for 2-year JRF positions with PhD pursuit, transitioning to Assistant Professor salaries of ?41,000/month in government institutions. This route provides long-term academic career security with research opportunities.
Private Sector Technical Roles
M.Sc Physics graduates are increasingly valued in data science, software engineering, and technical consulting. Companies actively recruit physics graduates for software development, where strong problem-solving and logical reasoning translate to competitive packages of ?10-20 LPA. Specialized domains including quantum computing development, financial modeling, and scientific computing offer premium compensation. Your minor in Scientific Computing makes you particularly attractive to technology companies requiring computational expertise.
International Opportunities and Higher Studies Abroad
An M.Sc from Amrita facilitates admission to PhD programs at international institutions. German universities offer tuition-free or low-fee MSc Physics programs (2 years) with scholarships like DAAD providing €850+ monthly stipends. US universities accept M.Sc graduates directly for PhD positions with full funding (tuition coverage + stipend). These pathways require GRE scores and strong Statement of Purpose articulating research interests. Research collaboration opportunities exist with Max Planck Institute (Germany) and CalTech Summer Research Program (USA), both welcoming Indian M.Sc students.
Essential Skills and Certifications to Develop Immediately: Programming Languages: Start learning Python immediately—it's universally used in research and industry. Dedicate 2-3 hours weekly to data analysis, scientific computing libraries (NumPy, SciPy, Pandas), and machine learning fundamentals. MATLAB is equally critical for physics applications, particularly numerical simulations and data visualization. Aim to complete MATLAB certification courses within your first year.
Research Tools: Learn Git/version control, LaTeX for scientific documentation, and data analysis frameworks. These skills are indispensable for publishing research papers and collaborating on projects.
Certifications Worth Pursuing: (1) MATLAB Certification (DIYguru or MathWorks official courses) (2) Python for Data Science (complete certificate programs from platforms like Coursera) (3) Machine Learning Fundamentals (for expanding technical versatility) & (4) Scientific Communication and Technical Writing (develop through departmental workshops)
Strategic Internship Planning: Leverage Amrita's research connections systematically. In your third year, apply to BARC Summer Internship, IISER Internships, TIFR Summer Fellowships, and IIT Internship programs (like IIT Kanpur SURGE). These expose you to frontier research while establishing connections for future PhD or scientist recruitment. Target 2-3 research internships across different specializations to develop versatility.
TO SUM UP, Your Integrated M.Sc Physics degree from Amrita positions you exceptionally well for competitive research careers at IISc/IITs, prestigious government scientist roles at BARC/DRDO/ISRO, and international PhD opportunities. The program's scientific computing emphasis differentiates you in the job market. Immediate priorities: (1) Master Python and MATLAB within the first two years; (2) Engage in research projects starting year 2-3; (3) Target internships at premiere research institutions; (4) Prepare GATE while completing your degree for maximum flexibility in recruitment; (5) Consider UGC-NET for long-term academic stability. Your career trajectory will ultimately depend on developing strong research fundamentals, demonstrating consistent excellence in specialization areas, and strategically selecting internship and research opportunities. The rigorous Amrita program combined with disciplined skill development positions you for exceptional career success across multiple sectors. Choose the most suitable option for you out of the various options available mentioned above. All the BEST for Your Prosperous Future!
Follow RediffGURUS to Know More on 'Careers | Money | Health | Relationships'.
Research Career Prospects: IISc, IITs, and Beyond: For research-oriented careers, the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita provides an exceptional foundation. Amrita's curriculum specifically aligns with GATE and UGC-NET examination syllabi, and the institution emphasizes early research engagement. The faculty at Amrita actively publish research in Scopus-indexed journals, with over 60 publications in international venues within the past five years, exposing you to active research environments.
To pursue research at premier institutions like IISc, you would typically follow the PhD pathway. IISc accepts M.Sc graduates through their Integrated PhD programs, and with your Amrita M.Sc, you're eligible to apply. You'll need to qualify the relevant entrance examinations, and your integrated program's emphasis on research fundamentals provides strong preparation. The final year of your Integrated M.Sc is intentionally structured to be nearly free of classroom commitments, enabling engagement with research projects at institutes like IISc, IITs, and National Labs. According to Amrita's data, over 80% of M.Sc Physics students secured internship offers from reputed institutions during academic year 2019-20, directly facilitating research career transitions.
Placement and Direct Employment Opportunities: Amrita University boasts a comprehensive placement ecosystem with strong corporate and government sector connections. According to NIRF placement data for the Amrita Integrated M.Sc program (5-year), the median salary in 2023-24 stood at ?7.2 LPA with approximately 57% placement rate. However, these figures reflect general placement trends; physics graduates often secure higher packages in specialized technical roles. Many graduates join software companies like Infosys (with early offers), Google, and PayPal, where their strong analytical and computational skills command competitive compensation packages ranging from ?8-15 LPA for entry-level positions.
The Department of Corporate and Industrial Relations at Amrita provides intensive three-semester life skills training covering linguistic competence, data interpretation, group discussions, and interview techniques. This structured placement support significantly enhances your employability in both government and private sectors.
Government Sector Opportunities: UPSC, BARC, DRDO, and ISRO: Your M.Sc Physics degree opens multiple avenues for prestigious government employment. UPSC Geophysicist examinations explicitly list M.Sc Physics or Applied Physics as qualifying degrees, enabling you to compete for Group A positions in the Geological Survey of India and Central Ground Water Board. The age limit for geophysicist positions is 32 years (with relaxation for reserved categories), and the exam comprises preliminary, main, and interview stages.
BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre) actively recruits M.Sc Physics graduates as Scientific Officers and Research Fellows. Recruitment occurs through the BARC Online Test or GATE scores, with positions in nuclear science, radiation protection, and atomic research. BARC Summer Internship programs are available, offering ?5,000-?10,000 monthly stipends with opportunity for future scientist recruitment.
DRDO (Defense Research and Development Organization) recruits M.Sc Physics graduates through CEPTAM examinations or GATE scores for roles involving defense technology, weapon systems, and laser physics research. ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) regularly advertises scientist/engineer positions through competitive recruitment for candidates with strong physics backgrounds, offering opportunities in satellite technology and space science applications.
Other significant employers include the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) recruiting as scientific officers, and NPCIL (Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited), offering stable government service with competitive compensation packages exceeding ?8-12 LPA for scientists.
Alternate Career Pathways: UPSC, CDS, and AFCAT: UPSC Civil Services (IFS - Indian Forest Service): M.Sc Physics graduates qualify for UPSC Civil Services examinations, with the forest service offering opportunities for science-based administrative roles with potential to reach senior government positions.
CDS/AFCAT (Armed Forces): While AFCAT meteorology branches specifically require "B.Sc with Maths & Physics with 60% minimum marks," the technical branches (Aeronautical Engineering and Ground Duty Technical roles) require graduation/integrated postgraduation in Engineering/Technology. An M.Sc Physics integrates well with technical qualifications, though you would need engineering background for direct officer entry. However, you remain eligible for specialized technical interviews if applying through alternate defence channels.
UGC-NET Examination: This pathway leads to Assistant Professor positions in central universities and colleges across India. NET-qualified candidates receive scholarships of ?31,000/month for 2-year JRF positions with PhD pursuit, transitioning to Assistant Professor salaries of ?41,000/month in government institutions. This route provides long-term academic career security with research opportunities.
Private Sector Technical Roles
M.Sc Physics graduates are increasingly valued in data science, software engineering, and technical consulting. Companies actively recruit physics graduates for software development, where strong problem-solving and logical reasoning translate to competitive packages of ?10-20 LPA. Specialized domains including quantum computing development, financial modeling, and scientific computing offer premium compensation. Your minor in Scientific Computing makes you particularly attractive to technology companies requiring computational expertise.
International Opportunities and Higher Studies Abroad
An M.Sc from Amrita facilitates admission to PhD programs at international institutions. German universities offer tuition-free or low-fee MSc Physics programs (2 years) with scholarships like DAAD providing €850+ monthly stipends. US universities accept M.Sc graduates directly for PhD positions with full funding (tuition coverage + stipend). These pathways require GRE scores and strong Statement of Purpose articulating research interests. Research collaboration opportunities exist with Max Planck Institute (Germany) and CalTech Summer Research Program (USA), both welcoming Indian M.Sc students.
Essential Skills and Certifications to Develop Immediately: Programming Languages: Start learning Python immediately—it's universally used in research and industry. Dedicate 2-3 hours weekly to data analysis, scientific computing libraries (NumPy, SciPy, Pandas), and machine learning fundamentals. MATLAB is equally critical for physics applications, particularly numerical simulations and data visualization. Aim to complete MATLAB certification courses within your first year.
Research Tools: Learn Git/version control, LaTeX for scientific documentation, and data analysis frameworks. These skills are indispensable for publishing research papers and collaborating on projects.
Certifications Worth Pursuing: (1) MATLAB Certification (DIYguru or MathWorks official courses) (2) Python for Data Science (complete certificate programs from platforms like Coursera) (3) Machine Learning Fundamentals (for expanding technical versatility) & (4) Scientific Communication and Technical Writing (develop through departmental workshops)
Strategic Internship Planning: Leverage Amrita's research connections systematically. In your third year, apply to BARC Summer Internship, IISER Internships, TIFR Summer Fellowships, and IIT Internship programs (like IIT Kanpur SURGE). These expose you to frontier research while establishing connections for future PhD or scientist recruitment. Target 2-3 research internships across different specializations to develop versatility.
TO SUM UP, Your Integrated M.Sc Physics degree from Amrita positions you exceptionally well for competitive research careers at IISc/IITs, prestigious government scientist roles at BARC/DRDO/ISRO, and international PhD opportunities. The program's scientific computing emphasis differentiates you in the job market. Immediate priorities: (1) Master Python and MATLAB within the first two years; (2) Engage in research projects starting year 2-3; (3) Target internships at premiere research institutions; (4) Prepare GATE while completing your degree for maximum flexibility in recruitment; (5) Consider UGC-NET for long-term academic stability. Your career trajectory will ultimately depend on developing strong research fundamentals, demonstrating consistent excellence in specialization areas, and strategically selecting internship and research opportunities. The rigorous Amrita program combined with disciplined skill development positions you for exceptional career success across multiple sectors. Choose the most suitable option for you out of the various options available mentioned above. All the BEST for Your Prosperous Future!
Follow RediffGURUS to Know More on 'Careers | Money | Health | Relationships'.
Asked on - Dec 07, 2025 | Answered on Dec 07, 2025
Thankyou
Ans: Welcome Sree.
Nayagam P P |10852 Answers |Ask -Follow
Career Counsellor - Answered on Dec 07, 2025
Radheshyam Zanwar |6736 Answers |Ask -Follow
MHT-CET, IIT-JEE, NEET-UG Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025
I am a neet aspirant
Sir meri class 12 m physics m repeat thi aur chemistry bio aur English m pass hu toh mene nios k through physics k exam dia m usmin pass hu toh mere pass 2 marksheet hogyin h toh sir neet counselling m koi problem toh nhi aaegi
Ans: As per my knowledge, you will not face any problem in NEET counselling. Passing Physics through NIOS is valid. Just carry both mark sheets for verification. Yet, it is highly recommended to have a single marksheet for PCB to avoid any complications. You did not anything about when you cleared the 12th grade and NIOS examination. It is also not clear that when you are appearing to NEET. Whether you are are fresher or repeater is also not clear. Recommending asking the question in English with clarity to answer it correctly.
Good luck.
Follow me if you receive this reply.
Radheshyam
Good luck.
Follow me if you receive this reply.
Radheshyam
Asked on - Dec 06, 2025 | Answered on Dec 07, 2025
Sir I completed my 12 in 2024 and I gave my nios exam in oct 2024 in nios marksheet I am passed in physics and sir I am a droper student
Ans: OK. Appear for NEET 2026 and aim to score higher first, and forget what has happened in the past. Think about the verification process after the examination is over; until then, remain cool, calm, and quiet, and focus only on NEET. Best of luck for your bright future ahead.
Dr Nagarajan J S K |2576 Answers |Ask -Follow
NEET, Medical, Pharmacy Careers - Answered on Dec 06, 2025
Mihir Tanna |1090 Answers |Ask -Follow
Tax Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025
Asked by Anonymous - Dec 04, 2025Hindi
Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow
Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025
Radheshyam Zanwar |6736 Answers |Ask -Follow
MHT-CET, IIT-JEE, NEET-UG Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025
Radheshyam Zanwar |6736 Answers |Ask -Follow
MHT-CET, IIT-JEE, NEET-UG Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025
Radheshyam Zanwar |6736 Answers |Ask -Follow
MHT-CET, IIT-JEE, NEET-UG Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025
Dr Dipankar Dutta |1837 Answers |Ask -Follow
Tech Careers and Skill Development Expert - Answered on Dec 05, 2025
