Investing for a Secure Future: 24-Year-Old Needs Advice

Ans: Your monthly salary of Rs. 29,500 in hand is a good starting point. However, having an outstanding Overdraft (OD) loan of Rs. 9.4 lakhs at 10% interest is a significant financial responsibility. It's important to manage this debt effectively while planning for future investments.

Prioritising Loan Repayment
Repaying your OD loan within the next five years is a reasonable goal. Given the 10% interest rate, prioritising this loan is crucial. The interest burden on an OD loan is often higher than potential returns from investments in mutual funds, so clearing this loan should be a top priority.

Establishing a Repayment Plan
1. Monthly Loan Repayment
Set aside a portion of your salary to pay off the loan each month.
Since the loan has an interest rate of 10%, it’s important to make regular payments to reduce both the principal and the interest.
Make a budget to allocate at least Rs. 18,000-20,000 per month to clear the loan faster. This will allow you to reduce your interest burden.
2. Additional Lump Sum Payments
If possible, try to make any lump-sum payments from savings or other sources of funds.
This can significantly reduce the principal, which in turn will lower the interest you pay over time.
Managing SIPs While Repaying the Loan
1. Initial Focus on Loan Repayment
In the first year, your primary focus should be on repaying the loan.
Avoid committing a large portion of your salary to SIPs in this initial period.
You can still start with a smaller SIP, say Rs. 5,000-7,000 per month, to gradually build your investment portfolio.
2. Gradual Increase in SIP Contributions
Once you pay off Rs. 3-4 lakhs of the loan (within 1-1.5 years), you can increase your SIP contributions.
You can scale up your SIP to Rs. 10,000-12,000, based on the reduction in your monthly loan repayment.
3. Balanced SIP Strategy
Diversify your SIP into actively managed equity funds.
Equity funds offer the potential for long-term capital appreciation, which will help you achieve financial goals after clearing the loan.
Keep your SIP in a mix of large-cap and mid-cap funds for growth and stability.
Structuring Your SIP Portfolio
1. Large-Cap Funds
Allocate a significant portion of your SIP to large-cap funds.
Large-cap funds are less volatile and offer stable returns over the long term.
Even though returns may be moderate compared to mid-cap or small-cap funds, they are ideal for investors with moderate risk tolerance.
2. Mid-Cap Funds
Mid-cap funds have higher growth potential.
Allocate a smaller portion to mid-cap funds, say 30%-40% of your SIP.
This will give you access to high growth opportunities while balancing risk.
3. Balanced Advantage Funds
Consider investing in balanced advantage funds.
These funds offer both equity and debt exposure, which helps manage market volatility.
They can provide an optimal mix of growth and risk mitigation.
4. Debt Funds
If you are risk-averse, you can also consider allocating a portion to debt funds.
Debt funds will provide stability in your portfolio.
However, avoid too much allocation to debt funds, as they have lower growth potential compared to equity funds.
Managing Expenses and Cash Flow
1. Budgeting Effectively
Stick to a strict monthly budget to manage both your loan repayments and SIPs.
Cut unnecessary expenses to ensure you have enough for both debt repayment and investments.
2. Emergency Fund
Set aside an emergency fund of at least 3-6 months of living expenses.
This ensures that you do not dip into your loan repayment or SIP amounts in case of an unexpected financial situation.
3. Avoid Accumulating More Debt
Avoid taking on additional debt while repaying the current loan.
This will help you stay focused on clearing the OD loan and building your wealth through SIPs.
Tax Considerations for SIP Investments
Equity Mutual Funds Taxation:
Long-term capital gains (LTCG) above Rs. 1.25 lakh will be taxed at 12.5%.
Short-term capital gains (STCG) are taxed at 20%.
Debt Mutual Funds Taxation:
Both LTCG and STCG are taxed based on your income tax slab.
These funds offer steady returns but are subject to higher taxation compared to equity funds.
Since you are planning to invest in equity funds, it’s important to factor in these taxes when making withdrawals. You can manage your withdrawals to stay below the Rs. 1.25 lakh threshold to minimise tax impact.

Final Insights
It’s great to see your commitment towards closing the OD loan and starting SIPs. The key to success is balancing both goals without compromising on your financial health.

Repay the loan first: Focus on reducing the loan principal by paying it off faster.
Start small SIPs: Begin with Rs. 5,000-7,000 SIPs and increase them as the loan decreases.
Diversify: Invest in a mix of large-cap, mid-cap, and balanced advantage funds.
Maintain a budget: Stick to a budget to balance loan repayment and SIP investments.
By staying consistent with both debt repayment and systematic investing, you will be on track to achieve financial security.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment