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Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jun 04, 2025

Ramalingam Kalirajan has over 23 years of experience in mutual funds and financial planning.
He has an MBA in finance from the University of Madras and is a certified financial planner.
He is the director and chief financial planner at Holistic Investment, a Chennai-based firm that offers financial planning and wealth management advice.... more

Asked by Anonymous - Jun 02, 2025

Money

I am 36 and I want to buy a house worth 1.2 crore in 3 years. I have accumulated 15 lakhs in mutual funds (mostly equity) and invest 40,000/month across equity and hybrid funds. I also have 15 lakhs in FDs. Should I shift some money to a debt fund or REITs for down payment safety? What SIP amount or asset mix will help me achieve the goal comfortably?

Ans: Buying a house in three years is a short-term goal. You already have a strong start with Rs. 15 lakh in mutual funds and Rs. 15 lakh in FDs. Your monthly SIP of Rs. 40,000 also adds strength. However, when a goal is near, your investment strategy must shift. Let us do a 360-degree review of your situation.

Here is your personalised, simple, and detailed plan.

Understand the Short-Term Nature of Your Goal
Buying a house in 3 years is not a long-term goal.

Equity funds are ideal for long-term goals above 5 years.

In the short term, equity can show big ups and downs.

You must protect capital for short-term goals like home purchase.

A wrong move may reduce your house budget or delay the plan.

So, the focus must now shift from high returns to safety.

Review of Your Current Investments
You have Rs. 15 lakh in equity mutual funds.

This is a high-risk holding for a 3-year goal.

You also have Rs. 15 lakh in fixed deposits.

FDs are low risk and offer guaranteed returns.

You are investing Rs. 40,000/month in equity and hybrid funds.

This is a good monthly saving habit.

However, equity SIPs are risky for a short 3-year goal.

Hybrid funds reduce some risk but still have equity exposure.

So, a shift is needed in strategy for safety.

Should You Invest in Debt Funds?
Debt mutual funds are better than equity for short-term goals.

They give stable returns and are more tax-efficient than FDs.

If you hold debt funds for over 3 years, you get indexation benefits.

But from 2023, debt funds are taxed as per your income tax slab.

Still, they offer better flexibility than FDs and can beat inflation.

You can choose low-risk categories like short duration funds or banking & PSU funds.

These are suitable for a 2-3 year horizon.

So yes, shifting to debt funds is a better idea than keeping it all in equity.

Why REITs Are Not the Right Option for This Goal
REITs are not like FDs or debt funds.

They are linked to real estate market performance.

Their prices also fluctuate like equity stocks.

They may offer dividend income, but capital value can drop.

For a house down payment, safety is key.

REITs can’t offer that safety.

So REITs are not suitable for this short-term goal.

Recommended Asset Mix Till the Goal Year
Shift your current Rs. 15 lakh mutual fund corpus gradually to safer assets.

Move it slowly, in steps, to debt funds over 6-9 months.

Keep Rs. 15 lakh in FD as emergency and part of house funding.

Stop equity SIPs meant for this house goal.

Use part of Rs. 40,000/month to increase allocation to debt mutual funds.

You can continue equity SIPs separately only for long-term goals.

Example: Retirement, child education, or wealth creation.

Estimate Your House Buying Readiness
You want to buy a house worth Rs. 1.2 crore in 3 years.

A bank may fund 75% of this, i.e., Rs. 90 lakh as home loan.

You will need Rs. 30 lakh as down payment.

There will be 7-8% extra costs like stamp duty and registration.

That adds up to around Rs. 9-10 lakh more.

So total needed from your pocket is Rs. 40 lakh.

You already have Rs. 30 lakh in mutual funds and FDs.

You invest Rs. 40,000 per month.

In 3 years, that may add Rs. 15 lakh more if invested in safe funds.

So, you are already on track to reach Rs. 45 lakh by the third year.

That will cover the down payment and other house expenses.

Keep Emergency Fund Separate
Do not use emergency funds for house buying.

Keep 6 months’ expense ready in liquid form.

You can park it in liquid funds or sweep-in FDs.

This helps handle sudden job loss, medical needs, or delay in property deal.

What You Should Do Month-by-Month
Start reducing equity fund exposure step-by-step.

Begin moving lump-sum into short-term debt funds.

Rebalance over 6 to 9 months to avoid market timing risks.

If market rises, you benefit before exit.

If market falls, staggered exit reduces loss.

Start SIPs into low-risk debt funds with Rs. 40,000/month allocation.

Keep watching interest rates.

If FD rates go up more, shift some portion from debt funds to FD.

Review your plan every 6 months.

Re-check goals and fund performance regularly with a Certified Financial Planner.

Should You Take a Home Loan?
If you want to retain liquidity, home loan helps.

A home loan of Rs. 90 lakh will come with a high EMI.

Check if EMI fits your future income with child plans.

Or, if you prefer no loans, increase monthly SIP to target Rs. 50 lakh corpus.

You can then buy without any loan.

Discuss both options with a Certified Financial Planner for better tax planning.

Direct Funds Are Not Recommended
Many people invest in direct mutual funds to save commission.

But they miss regular monitoring and expert guidance.

Direct funds need self-review and rebalancing every few months.

That is difficult during busy work life or life events like childbirth.

Investing through regular plans with a CFP ensures discipline and review.

You also get emotional support during market ups and downs.

Avoid Index Funds for This Goal
Index funds follow the market blindly.

They fall when market falls, with no protection.

They offer no active fund manager to control risks.

In a 3-year goal, market crashes can wipe out gains.

Actively managed funds can control downside better.

For this reason, actively managed debt funds or hybrid conservative funds are better.

Think About Insurance Too
You are buying a house and starting a family.

You must get a pure term insurance plan.

It must cover at least 10 to 15 times your yearly income.

Avoid ULIPs or insurance-cum-investment plans.

Just take term insurance for protection.

Also, take family health insurance with Rs. 10 lakh or more coverage.

It protects savings during medical emergencies.

Review this with a Certified Financial Planner.

Final Insights
You are doing very well with savings and discipline.

Now, as your goal is near, reduce equity risk.

Shift to debt funds slowly over 6 to 9 months.

REITs are not suitable for short-term safety.

FD is fine but debt funds give more tax efficiency and liquidity.

Increase SIP in debt funds and review asset allocation regularly.

Keep emergency fund intact and insurance up-to-date.

Keep equity only for long-term wealth building, not for house purchase.

You are on the right track.

Take final decisions with help from a Certified Financial Planner.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information to be as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision.

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Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on May 02, 2024

Asked by Anonymous - May 02, 2024Hindi

Money

Hi, I have 40 lakhs in hand coming from ancestors property and same saving. I need to purchase a home in Delhi NCR but current real estate prices are way above my budget even if I take loan of 50 lakhs. I am thinking of investing this amount in mutual funds having diversified balanced portfolio of equity and debt sectors for a timeline of 5-8 years. I am hoping in 5-8, I will enough amount for atleast 60% down payment on my house. I am assuming a return of 12-15%. Can you suggest the approach I should use to reach my goal? Do you recommend financial advisory services as well.

Ans: Investing your inheritance of 40 lakhs in mutual funds with a diversified balanced portfolio is a prudent approach to potentially grow your savings for a future down payment on a home in Delhi NCR. Here's a suggested approach:

Define Your Investment Horizon and Risk Tolerance: Given your goal of accumulating a down payment within 5-8 years, it's crucial to align your investment horizon with the timeline of your objective. Also, assess your risk tolerance to determine the appropriate allocation between equity and debt funds.
Asset Allocation: Since your investment horizon is relatively short-term (5-8 years), consider a balanced portfolio with a mix of equity and debt funds. Allocate a larger portion to debt funds to mitigate the impact of market volatility and ensure capital preservation. A typical allocation could be 60% in debt funds and 40% in equity funds.
Choose Mutual Funds: Select mutual funds with a proven track record of delivering consistent returns over the long term. Opt for diversified equity funds with exposure to large-cap and mid-cap stocks for growth potential, along with debt funds such as short-duration or dynamic bond funds for stability.
Systematic Investment Plan (SIP): Invest your lump sum amount through SIPs to benefit from rupee-cost averaging and reduce the impact of market volatility. Set up a systematic investment plan to invest a fixed amount at regular intervals, ensuring discipline and consistency in your investment approach.
Regular Monitoring and Review: Monitor the performance of your mutual fund investments regularly and review your portfolio periodically to ensure it remains aligned with your goals and risk tolerance. Consider rebalancing your portfolio if necessary to maintain the desired asset allocation.
Regarding financial advisory services, consulting with a Certified Financial Planner can provide personalized guidance tailored to your financial goals, risk tolerance, and investment horizon. A financial advisor can help you develop a comprehensive investment plan, navigate market fluctuations, and make informed decisions to achieve your objectives.

Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jun 20, 2024

Asked by Anonymous - Jun 20, 2024Hindi

Money

Hello, I am 37 years old, with a near 7 year old son. My monthly (m) in hand salary is about 2 lakhs/m, husband's is 45k/m. In addition, I put in 27208/m in PF (employer+ employee), 11301/m in NPS employer contribution, 1.5 lakh/year (y) in PPF since starting in 2021, 50k/y NPS, 15k/m MF SIP. My husband puts in 5k/m in MF SIP. I would like to purchase a property of maximum 1 cr in the near future, another 1cr to build a house in 2-3 years from purchase (purchase date is indefinite as we've not yet found an ideal plot - need liquidity for purchase and hence FD). About 1.5 crore for my son's higher education - 2032 onwards perhaps. Our current monthly expenses are about 60k/m. Combined we have about 1.27cr through MF (57 lakhs), NPS (4 lakhs), SGB (58k), PPF (10 lakhs), EPF (7.5 lakhs), FD (43 lakhs, saving for property purchase), US stocks (1.7 lakhs). Mutual funds +insurance (maturity of about 32 lakhs in 2032) have been reserved for child's education, PPF, NPS, EPF, stocks including US for retirement. I put in about 155k in FD towards property/m. We own our flat. Looking at guidance on where to invest and how much to invest.

Ans: Firstly, you have an impressive income and savings strategy. Your monthly combined in-hand salary is Rs 2.45 lakhs. You have set aside substantial amounts in various investment instruments. This reflects a commendable level of financial discipline and foresight.

Your current investments include provident fund (PF), national pension system (NPS), public provident fund (PPF), mutual funds (MF), sovereign gold bonds (SGB), fixed deposits (FD), and US stocks. You have clearly earmarked funds for your son's education, retirement, and a future property purchase. This strategic approach is excellent.

Investment Allocation Overview

Your current investment allocation includes:

PF: Rs 27,208 per month
NPS: Rs 11,301 per month (employer contribution), Rs 50,000 per year (self-contribution)
PPF: Rs 1.5 lakh per year
MF SIPs: Rs 20,000 per month (combined)
SGB: Rs 58,000
EPF: Rs 7.5 lakh
FD: Rs 43 lakh
US stocks: Rs 1.7 lakh
Your current investments and savings are well-diversified. You are contributing regularly to PF, NPS, PPF, and MFs, which ensures a balanced approach to both growth and stability. Your focus on long-term goals like your son's education and retirement is evident and well-planned.

Evaluating Current Investments for Goals

Property Purchase and Construction

You plan to buy a property worth Rs 1 crore and build a house worth another Rs 1 crore in 2-3 years. You have set aside Rs 43 lakh in FDs for this purpose. This is a sound strategy for maintaining liquidity. However, to meet the property purchase goal, continue adding to your FD to reach the required Rs 2 crore.

Son's Higher Education

For your son's higher education starting around 2032, you have earmarked Rs 1.5 crore. You have allocated mutual funds and insurance policies with a maturity value of Rs 32 lakh. Given the current MF corpus of Rs 57 lakh and regular SIP contributions, you are on the right track. Continue these SIPs and consider increasing the allocation slightly as your income allows.

Retirement Planning

Your PPF, NPS, EPF, and US stocks are designated for retirement. Your contributions to these funds are robust. The regular investments in PPF and NPS, along with EPF, will provide a steady retirement corpus. US stocks add some international diversification, though you might consolidate more into mutual funds for now.

Optimising Investment Strategy

Increase Equity Exposure via Mutual Funds

Your current MF SIPs are Rs 20,000 per month. Given your long-term goals, consider increasing this to Rs 30,000 per month if your budget allows. Actively managed funds provide professional management and the potential for higher returns compared to index funds.

Disadvantages of Index Funds

Index funds track the market and lack flexibility. They can't respond to market changes and may underperform during volatile periods. Actively managed funds, however, offer better opportunities for growth through strategic asset allocation.

Advantages of Actively Managed Funds

Professional managers make informed investment decisions. They can adapt to market conditions and potentially provide higher returns. This is particularly beneficial for your long-term goals like your son's education and retirement.

Regular Funds vs. Direct Funds

Direct funds have lower expense ratios but require more time and expertise. Regular funds, invested through a Certified Financial Planner, offer professional guidance and ongoing support. This helps in making informed decisions and managing your portfolio efficiently.

Maintaining Liquidity for Property Purchase

FDs are a good option for liquidity. Continue your Rs 1.55 lakh monthly FD contributions. This ensures you have enough funds available when you find the ideal plot.

Evaluating Risk and Adjusting Investments

Given your current age and financial goals, a balanced approach between equity and debt is suitable. However, as you approach your goals, consider gradually shifting from equity to debt to reduce risk.

Professional Guidance

A Certified Financial Planner can provide tailored advice. They help in aligning your investments with your goals and managing risks effectively. Regular reviews and adjustments based on market conditions are crucial.

Tax Implications

Keep in mind the tax implications of your investments. Long-term capital gains tax on mutual funds, interest income from FDs, and tax benefits from PPF and NPS contributions should be considered. Consult with a tax advisor for optimal tax planning.

Emergency Fund

Ensure you have an emergency fund covering at least 6-12 months of expenses. This provides a financial cushion for unexpected events.

Insurance Needs

Adequate insurance coverage is essential. Review your life and health insurance policies to ensure they meet your family’s needs. Insurance provides financial security in case of unforeseen events.

Diversification

While you have a diversified portfolio, review your asset allocation periodically. Ensure it aligns with your risk tolerance and financial goals. Diversification helps in managing risk and optimizing returns.

Long-Term Investment Horizon

Given your long-term goals, maintaining a disciplined investment approach is key. Avoid making impulsive decisions based on market fluctuations. Stick to your investment plan and review it regularly with your Certified Financial Planner.

Final Insights

Your financial strategy is well-thought-out and disciplined. Continue your current investment approach with slight adjustments to enhance your portfolio. Increase your SIPs in actively managed mutual funds for better returns. Maintain your FDs for property purchase liquidity. Seek professional guidance for regular reviews and adjustments.

Ensure adequate insurance coverage and maintain an emergency fund. Focus on long-term goals and stick to your investment plan. With disciplined investing and professional advice, you can achieve your financial goals.

Best Regards,

K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

Moneywize | Answer |Ask -Follow

Financial Planner - Answered on Oct 02, 2024

Asked by Anonymous - Oct 01, 2024Hindi

Money

I am from Hyderabad. I’m 40 years old, with two daughters aged 10 and 12. My husband and I invest Rs 25,000 monthly in mutual funds, but we also want to start saving for a home purchase. Should we continue with SIPs, or divert more toward real estate?

Ans: great that you and your husband have started investing in mutual funds. Investing early in your financial journey can help you achieve your long-term goals. Now that you're also considering buying a home, it's important to assess your overall financial situation and make a decision that aligns with your priorities and risk tolerance.

Here's a breakdown of the factors you should consider when deciding whether to continue with your SIPs or divert more funds toward real estate:

Your Financial Goals and Time Horizon:

• Home Purchase: If buying a home is your top priority and you have a specific timeline in mind, you may need to allocate more funds toward a down payment and other related expenses. Consider how much you can afford to save each month for this purpose.
• Retirement Planning: If you're also saving for retirement, you may want to continue with your SIPs to ensure that you have a steady stream of income during your golden years. Mutual funds can be a good investment option for long-term wealth accumulation.
• Emergency Fund: Before investing in real estate, it's crucial to have an emergency fund to cover unexpected expenses. Aim to build a fund that can cover your living expenses for at least three to six months.

Risk Tolerance:

• Real Estate: Investing in real estate involves higher risks compared to mutual funds. Property prices can fluctuate, and there are additional costs associated with owning a home, such as maintenance, property taxes, and insurance.
• Mutual Funds: Mutual funds offer a diversified investment approach, which can help mitigate risks. However, they are not entirely risk-free. The value of your investments can go up or down.

Your Current Financial Situation:

• Debt: If you have any outstanding debts, such as a personal loan or credit card debt, it's advisable to pay them off before investing in real estate. High-interest debt can erode your wealth.
• Monthly Income and Expenses: Assess your monthly income and expenses to determine how much you can afford to allocate toward savings and investments. Make sure you have a comfortable surplus after covering your essential expenses.

Potential Returns:

• Real Estate: Historically, real estate has been a good investment option, with potential for capital appreciation and rental income. However, returns can vary depending on location, market conditions, and the type of property you invest in.
• Mutual Funds: Mutual funds can offer competitive returns, especially if you invest in equity funds over the long term. However, past performance is not indicative of future results.

Diversification:

• Real Estate: Investing in real estate can be considered a less liquid asset compared to mutual funds. It may take time to sell a property and convert it into cash.
• Mutual Funds: Mutual funds offer greater liquidity, as you can buy and sell units at any time. Diversifying your investments across different asset classes can help reduce risk.

Here are some potential strategies you could consider:

• Hybrid Approach: Continue investing in mutual funds for retirement planning and allocate a portion of your savings toward a home down payment. This approach allows you to balance your long-term and short-term goals.
• Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT): If you're interested in real estate but want to avoid the complexities of property ownership, consider investing in REITs. REITs are publicly traded companies that own and operate income-producing real estate.
• Rent vs. Buy Analysis: Before making a decision, conduct a thorough analysis to determine whether it's more financially beneficial to rent or buy a home in your current situation. Consider factors such as rental prices, property taxes, mortgage interest rates, and potential appreciation.

Ultimately, the best decision for you will depend on your individual circumstances and priorities. It's advisable to consult with a financial advisor who can provide personalized guidance based on your specific goals and risk tolerance.

Remember, investing is a long-term endeavor. Stay patient, stay disciplined, and don't get swayed by short-term market fluctuations. By making informed decisions and sticking to your financial plan, you can increase your chances of achieving your financial goals.

Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Jul 09, 2025

Question by Sudhanshu - Jul 07, 2025Hindi

Money

I am 50 years old and I am planning to buy a house worth 1.45 Cr. I do have nearly 60 Lakhs as cash in Hand and 60-70 Lakhs of SIP...could you please suggest me what would be the best options....like should I take higher home loan amount and invest some money in MF or should I take less home loan and pay the rest amount from my cash in hand and SIP?

Ans: Your Current Situation – Key Highlights
You are 50 years old.

Planning to buy a house worth Rs 1.45 Crores.

You have Rs 60 Lakhs in cash.

You have Rs 60–70 Lakhs in mutual fund SIP corpus.

You are exploring between two choices:

Take a bigger loan, continue mutual fund investments.

Take a smaller loan, use more of your funds now.

You are already in a strong financial position. That is a positive. Now, we will assess what makes more sense long-term.

Understand the Purpose of the Property
Is it for self-occupation or second property?

Is rental income expected?

If it’s for staying, emotional value matters too.

If it’s purely a liability, then cash flow becomes critical.

Home is a utility, not a wealth-generating asset. So, you must not over-leverage.

Home Loan Considerations
Home loan interest rates are around 8.5% to 9%.

You may get tax benefits under Sec 24 and Sec 80C.

But those benefits reduce as your home loan reduces.

The cost of the loan still remains.

A long loan tenure means high interest outgo.

At your age, tenure may not go beyond 15–20 years.

That’s a key constraint in EMI planning.

Let’s say you go for Rs 85 lakh loan:

EMI could go around Rs 80,000–85,000.

Over 15 years, this eats into your retirement corpus.

Less flexibility in later years.

If you go for a Rs 50 lakh loan:

EMI would be closer to Rs 45,000.

Gives more comfort for future income drop.

Retains some mutual fund and cash liquidity.

So, less loan is more peace.

Cash in Hand – How to Optimise?
You have Rs 60 Lakhs in cash.

Do not use entire Rs 60 Lakhs for property.

Keep Rs 10–15 Lakhs as contingency.

Keep Rs 10 Lakhs aside for upcoming expenses.

Use around Rs 30–35 Lakhs for house purchase.

Cash gives you flexibility. It acts as buffer for:

Medical emergencies

Job loss or income break

Family needs or health issues

Spending all cash will make you financially stiff.

Mutual Fund Corpus – How to Think Long-Term?
You have Rs 60–70 Lakhs in mutual funds.

This is long-term wealth.

Likely built over several years.

It is compounding for your retirement.

Instead of redeeming all for property:

Redeem only what is essential.

Do not redeem more than Rs 20–25 Lakhs.

If you redeem, you must consider taxation:

If held for 1 year or more: LTCG taxed at 12.5% beyond Rs 1.25 lakh.

If held less than 1 year: STCG taxed at 20%.

For debt funds: Fully taxed as per slab.

Redeeming blindly can bring tax leakage.

Also, if you’re holding direct funds, you may not be getting proper review.

Direct funds lack handholding.

No regular review.

MFDs with CFP credential give deeper insights.

Regular plans help in realigning goals better.

So, consider shifting to regular funds via a trusted MFD and Certified Financial Planner.

Asset Allocation – Very Important at This Stage
You are at 50. Retirement is within 8–10 years.

You must not ignore retirement preparation.

Here’s a suggested high-level view of asset allocation:

Equity Mutual Funds: 50% of corpus

Debt Mutual Funds / FDs: 30% of corpus

Cash / Contingency: 10% of corpus

Real Estate (House): Up to 10–15%

If you invest too much into one asset (property), your liquidity suffers.

You lose flexibility. Real estate cannot be liquidated quickly.

Also, property does not give regular compounding growth like mutual funds.

Which Option is Better – Smaller Loan or Bigger Loan?
Let’s weigh both:

Option A: Higher Loan + Invest More in Mutual Funds
You take Rs 85 Lakhs loan.

Use Rs 60 Lakhs cash in hand.

Keep mutual fund corpus untouched.

Pros:

MF portfolio continues to grow.

Can potentially earn more than loan cost.

Cons:

Big EMI burden every month.

Loan interest nearly cancels investment returns.

Retirement corpus gets affected if MF markets fall.

Option B: Moderate Loan + Use Partial Cash and MF
Take Rs 50 Lakhs loan.

Use Rs 35 Lakhs from cash.

Redeem Rs 20–25 Lakhs from mutual funds.

Pros:

Lower EMI, more breathing space.

Liquidity is retained.

Balanced approach between safety and growth.

Cons:

Some MF corpus used early.

May need to review retirement corpus plan.

This second option is more balanced and stable.

It protects your lifestyle and future flexibility.

What You Should Do – Action Points
Loan: Limit your home loan to Rs 45–55 Lakhs max.

Cash: Use about Rs 35 Lakhs only from cash in hand.

MF: Redeem only Rs 20–25 Lakhs.

Contingency: Keep Rs 10–15 Lakhs aside always.

EMI: Keep monthly EMI within 30% of your monthly income.

Investment Review: Shift to regular plans via a certified planner.

Goal Alignment: Have separate MFs for retirement, short term, etc.

Never exhaust all your MF and cash for house.

You must stay investment-ready for future.

Risk Management Also Matters
Ensure these are in place:

Term Insurance till age 65.

Medical cover for Rs 25–30 Lakhs minimum.

Personal accident cover for income loss.

House is an asset but also a long-term responsibility.

You must protect other goals like:

Retirement at 60

Healthcare

Lifestyle

Travel or leisure

Don’t let a single house derail your financial journey.

Finally
You are in a strong financial position.

Buying a house is a big decision.

But don't make it a financial burden.

Avoid taking full home loan.

Avoid using all savings for the house.

Keep some mutual funds to grow.

Keep some cash for safety.

Choose a middle path.

Let your lifestyle, future needs, and peace of mind guide your decision.

This is not only about returns. This is about flexibility and financial well-being.

Stay invested. Stay balanced. And keep reviewing.

If you have not done a full financial plan, do it with a Certified Financial Planner.

That will bring all pieces together.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,
Chief Financial Planner,
www.holisticinvestment.in
https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

Latest Questions

Nayagam P P |10851 Answers |Ask -Follow

Career Counsellor - Answered on Dec 07, 2025

Question by Sreelekshmi - Dec 06, 2025Hindi

Career

Hello, I’m a student who recently joined the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita University. I’m aiming for a strong academic foundation and a clear career path. Could you please guide me on the following: How good is this course for research careers or higher studies (IISc, IITs, abroad)? What are the placement prospects after Integrated M.Sc Physics at Amrita? Does the program help in preparing for alternate options like UPSC, CDS/AFCAT, or technical roles? What skills (coding, research projects, certifications) should I start early to make the most of this degree?

Ans: Sree, Program Overview and Academic Foundation: Congratulations on joining the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita University. This five-year integrated program represents a rigorous pathway designed to equip you with advanced theoretical and experimental physics knowledge combined with cutting-edge scientific computing skills. The curriculum uniquely integrates a minor in Scientific Computing, which adds substantial computational capability to your profile—a critical advantage in today's research and professional landscape. The program incorporates comprehensive coursework spanning classical mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, statistical physics, advanced laboratory work, and specialized topics in materials physics, optoelectronics, and computational methods, positioning you excellently for both research and professional careers.
Research Career Prospects: IISc, IITs, and Beyond: For research-oriented careers, the Integrated M.Sc Physics program at Amrita provides an exceptional foundation. Amrita's curriculum specifically aligns with GATE and UGC-NET examination syllabi, and the institution emphasizes early research engagement. The faculty at Amrita actively publish research in Scopus-indexed journals, with over 60 publications in international venues within the past five years, exposing you to active research environments.
To pursue research at premier institutions like IISc, you would typically follow the PhD pathway. IISc accepts M.Sc graduates through their Integrated PhD programs, and with your Amrita M.Sc, you're eligible to apply. You'll need to qualify the relevant entrance examinations, and your integrated program's emphasis on research fundamentals provides strong preparation. The final year of your Integrated M.Sc is intentionally structured to be nearly free of classroom commitments, enabling engagement with research projects at institutes like IISc, IITs, and National Labs. According to Amrita's data, over 80% of M.Sc Physics students secured internship offers from reputed institutions during academic year 2019-20, directly facilitating research career transitions.
Placement and Direct Employment Opportunities: Amrita University boasts a comprehensive placement ecosystem with strong corporate and government sector connections. According to NIRF placement data for the Amrita Integrated M.Sc program (5-year), the median salary in 2023-24 stood at ?7.2 LPA with approximately 57% placement rate. However, these figures reflect general placement trends; physics graduates often secure higher packages in specialized technical roles. Many graduates join software companies like Infosys (with early offers), Google, and PayPal, where their strong analytical and computational skills command competitive compensation packages ranging from ?8-15 LPA for entry-level positions.
The Department of Corporate and Industrial Relations at Amrita provides intensive three-semester life skills training covering linguistic competence, data interpretation, group discussions, and interview techniques. This structured placement support significantly enhances your employability in both government and private sectors.
Government Sector Opportunities: UPSC, BARC, DRDO, and ISRO: Your M.Sc Physics degree opens multiple avenues for prestigious government employment. UPSC Geophysicist examinations explicitly list M.Sc Physics or Applied Physics as qualifying degrees, enabling you to compete for Group A positions in the Geological Survey of India and Central Ground Water Board. The age limit for geophysicist positions is 32 years (with relaxation for reserved categories), and the exam comprises preliminary, main, and interview stages.
BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre) actively recruits M.Sc Physics graduates as Scientific Officers and Research Fellows. Recruitment occurs through the BARC Online Test or GATE scores, with positions in nuclear science, radiation protection, and atomic research. BARC Summer Internship programs are available, offering ?5,000-?10,000 monthly stipends with opportunity for future scientist recruitment.
DRDO (Defense Research and Development Organization) recruits M.Sc Physics graduates through CEPTAM examinations or GATE scores for roles involving defense technology, weapon systems, and laser physics research. ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) regularly advertises scientist/engineer positions through competitive recruitment for candidates with strong physics backgrounds, offering opportunities in satellite technology and space science applications.
Other significant employers include the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) recruiting as scientific officers, and NPCIL (Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited), offering stable government service with competitive compensation packages exceeding ?8-12 LPA for scientists.
Alternate Career Pathways: UPSC, CDS, and AFCAT: UPSC Civil Services (IFS - Indian Forest Service): M.Sc Physics graduates qualify for UPSC Civil Services examinations, with the forest service offering opportunities for science-based administrative roles with potential to reach senior government positions.
CDS/AFCAT (Armed Forces): While AFCAT meteorology branches specifically require "B.Sc with Maths & Physics with 60% minimum marks," the technical branches (Aeronautical Engineering and Ground Duty Technical roles) require graduation/integrated postgraduation in Engineering/Technology. An M.Sc Physics integrates well with technical qualifications, though you would need engineering background for direct officer entry. However, you remain eligible for specialized technical interviews if applying through alternate defence channels.
UGC-NET Examination: This pathway leads to Assistant Professor positions in central universities and colleges across India. NET-qualified candidates receive scholarships of ?31,000/month for 2-year JRF positions with PhD pursuit, transitioning to Assistant Professor salaries of ?41,000/month in government institutions. This route provides long-term academic career security with research opportunities.
Private Sector Technical Roles
M.Sc Physics graduates are increasingly valued in data science, software engineering, and technical consulting. Companies actively recruit physics graduates for software development, where strong problem-solving and logical reasoning translate to competitive packages of ?10-20 LPA. Specialized domains including quantum computing development, financial modeling, and scientific computing offer premium compensation. Your minor in Scientific Computing makes you particularly attractive to technology companies requiring computational expertise.
International Opportunities and Higher Studies Abroad
An M.Sc from Amrita facilitates admission to PhD programs at international institutions. German universities offer tuition-free or low-fee MSc Physics programs (2 years) with scholarships like DAAD providing €850+ monthly stipends. US universities accept M.Sc graduates directly for PhD positions with full funding (tuition coverage + stipend). These pathways require GRE scores and strong Statement of Purpose articulating research interests. Research collaboration opportunities exist with Max Planck Institute (Germany) and CalTech Summer Research Program (USA), both welcoming Indian M.Sc students.
Essential Skills and Certifications to Develop Immediately: Programming Languages: Start learning Python immediately—it's universally used in research and industry. Dedicate 2-3 hours weekly to data analysis, scientific computing libraries (NumPy, SciPy, Pandas), and machine learning fundamentals. MATLAB is equally critical for physics applications, particularly numerical simulations and data visualization. Aim to complete MATLAB certification courses within your first year.
Research Tools: Learn Git/version control, LaTeX for scientific documentation, and data analysis frameworks. These skills are indispensable for publishing research papers and collaborating on projects.
Certifications Worth Pursuing: (1) MATLAB Certification (DIYguru or MathWorks official courses) (2) Python for Data Science (complete certificate programs from platforms like Coursera) (3) Machine Learning Fundamentals (for expanding technical versatility) & (4) Scientific Communication and Technical Writing (develop through departmental workshops)
Strategic Internship Planning: Leverage Amrita's research connections systematically. In your third year, apply to BARC Summer Internship, IISER Internships, TIFR Summer Fellowships, and IIT Internship programs (like IIT Kanpur SURGE). These expose you to frontier research while establishing connections for future PhD or scientist recruitment. Target 2-3 research internships across different specializations to develop versatility.

TO SUM UP, Your Integrated M.Sc Physics degree from Amrita positions you exceptionally well for competitive research careers at IISc/IITs, prestigious government scientist roles at BARC/DRDO/ISRO, and international PhD opportunities. The program's scientific computing emphasis differentiates you in the job market. Immediate priorities: (1) Master Python and MATLAB within the first two years; (2) Engage in research projects starting year 2-3; (3) Target internships at premiere research institutions; (4) Prepare GATE while completing your degree for maximum flexibility in recruitment; (5) Consider UGC-NET for long-term academic stability. Your career trajectory will ultimately depend on developing strong research fundamentals, demonstrating consistent excellence in specialization areas, and strategically selecting internship and research opportunities. The rigorous Amrita program combined with disciplined skill development positions you for exceptional career success across multiple sectors. Choose the most suitable option for you out of the various options available mentioned above. All the BEST for Your Prosperous Future!

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Nayagam P P |10851 Answers |Ask -Follow

Career Counsellor - Answered on Dec 07, 2025

Question by Krishu - Dec 05, 2025Hindi

Career

Maine jee mains session ka form ews apply wale se bhara tha lekin ews nh ban paya aur ab form date bhi khatam ho chuka h aur correction window band ho gya h to kya maine ji form pehle ews wala bhara tha wo form rahega ya rad ho jayega

Ans: Krishu, Your form remains valid for exam participation. NTA doesn't reject forms during registration without certificates. However, during counseling document verification, a missing EWS certificate will automatically shift you to the General category. You cannot change your category now since the correction window closed. Contact NTA immediately for guidance on possible relief measures by mail or by contacting them over phone. All the BEST for a Prosperous Future!

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Radheshyam Zanwar |6736 Answers |Ask -Follow

MHT-CET, IIT-JEE, NEET-UG Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Question by ANSHU - Dec 06, 2025Hindi

Career

I am a neet aspirant Sir meri class 12 m physics m repeat thi aur chemistry bio aur English m pass hu toh mene nios k through physics k exam dia m usmin pass hu toh mere pass 2 marksheet hogyin h toh sir neet counselling m koi problem toh nhi aaegi

Ans: As per my knowledge, you will not face any problem in NEET counselling. Passing Physics through NIOS is valid. Just carry both mark sheets for verification. Yet, it is highly recommended to have a single marksheet for PCB to avoid any complications. You did not anything about when you cleared the 12th grade and NIOS examination. It is also not clear that when you are appearing to NEET. Whether you are are fresher or repeater is also not clear. Recommending asking the question in English with clarity to answer it correctly.

Good luck.
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Radheshyam

Asked on - Dec 06, 2025 | Answered on Dec 07, 2025

Sir I completed my 12 in 2024 and I gave my nios exam in oct 2024 in nios marksheet I am passed in physics and sir I am a droper student

Ans: OK. Appear for NEET 2026 and aim to score higher first, and forget what has happened in the past. Think about the verification process after the examination is over; until then, remain cool, calm, and quiet, and focus only on NEET. Best of luck for your bright future ahead.

Dr Nagarajan J S K |2576 Answers |Ask -Follow

NEET, Medical, Pharmacy Careers - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Question by swarnesh - Dec 04, 2025Hindi

Career

hi sir, wish to know the careeer option for my daughter after 12th PCB, apart from NEET what are the other ExamsPCB stream , she can appear. please guide .

Ans: Hi Swamesh,
Please wait a few more days; changes have occurred in the education sector, particularly regarding NEET. Several courses have been added, and you need to obtain eligibility through NEET to pursue them. I will share the details within a few days.
BEST REGARDS

Mihir Tanna |1090 Answers |Ask -Follow

Tax Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 04, 2025Hindi

Money

Tax returns ka confirmation nahi aya it department se

Ans: It may be under review. Many returns are still under process.

Ramalingam Kalirajan |10872 Answers |Ask -Follow

Mutual Funds, Financial Planning Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 06, 2025Hindi

Money

Dear Sir/Ma'am, I need some guidance and advice for continuing my mutual fund investments. I am a 36 year old male, married, no kids yet and no debts/liabilities as such. I have couple of savings in PPF, NPS, Emergency funds and long term investing in direct stocks. I recently started below mentioned SIPs for long term to grow wealth. Request you to review the same and let me know if I should continue with the SIPs or need to rationalize. Kindly also advice on how to invest a lumpsum amount of around 6lacs. invesco small cap 2000 motilal oswal midcap 2700 parag parikh flexicap 3000 HDFC flexicap 3100 ICICI prudential largecap 3100 HDFC large and midcap 3100 HDFC gold etf FOF 2000 ICICI Pru equity and debt fund 3000 HDFC balanced advantage fund 3000 nippon india silver etf FOF 2000

Ans: You already built a solid foundation. Many investors delay planning. But you started early at 36. That gives you a strong advantage. You have no liabilities. You have long term thinking. You also have diversified savings like PPF, NPS, Emergency funds and direct stocks. That shows clarity and discipline. This approach builds wealth with less stress over time.

You also started systematic investments in equity funds. That is a positive step. Your selection covers multiple categories like large cap, mid cap, small cap, flexi cap, hybrid and precious metals. So the intent is right. You are trying to create a broad portfolio. That gives balance.

» Your Portfolio Composition Understanding
Your current SIP list includes:

Small cap

Mid cap

Flexi cap

Large cap

Large and mid cap

Hybrid category

Gold and Silver FoF

Equity and Debt allocation fund

Dynamic hybrid fund

This shows you are trying to cover many segments. But too many categories can create overlap. When there is overlap, you get confusion during review. It also makes portfolio discipline difficult. You may think you are diversified. But the holdings inside may repeat. That reduces efficiency.

Your portfolio now looks like:

Equity dominant

Hybrid for stability

Metals for hedge

So the broad direction is fine. But simplifying helps in long-term habit building.

» Fund Category Duplication
You hold:

Two flexi cap funds

One large and mid cap fund

One pure large cap fund

One mid cap fund

One small cap fund

Flexi cap funds already invest across large, mid, small. Then large and mid also overlaps. So the large cap exposure gets repeated. That may not add extra benefit. But it increases monitoring complexity.

So I suggest rationalising. Keep one fund per category in core. Keep satellite space for only high conviction.

» Core and Satellite Strategy
A structured portfolio follows core and satellite method.

Core portfolio should be:

Simple

Long term

Stable

Satellite portfolio can be:

High growth

Concentrated

Based on your thinking level, you can structure like this:

Core funds:

One large cap

One flexi cap

One hybrid equity and debt fund

One balanced advantage type fund

Satellite funds:

One mid cap

One small cap

One metal allocation if needed

This division gives clarity. You can continue SIPs with review every year. No need to stop and restart often. That reduces behavioural mistakes.

» Your Current SIP List Review with Suggested Streamlining

You can consider continuing:

One flexi cap

One large cap

One mid cap

One small cap

One balanced advantage

One equity and debt hybrid

You may reconsider keeping both flexi caps and both gold silver funds. One of each category is enough. Because too many funds do not increase returns. It complicates tracking.

Precious metal funds should not be more than 5 to 7 percent in your portfolio. This is because metals are hedge assets. They do not create compounding like equity. They act as protection during cycles. So keep them small.

» How to Use the Rs 6 Lakh Lump Sum
You asked about lump sum investing. This is important. Lump sum should not go fully into equity at one time. Markets move in cycles. So use a staggered method. You can invest the lump sum through STP (Systematic Transfer Plan). You can keep the amount in a liquid fund and set STP toward your chosen growth funds over 6 to 12 months.

This reduces timing risk. It also creates discipline. So your Rs 6 lakh can be deployed gradually. You may use 50% towards core equity funds and 30% toward satellite growth category. The remaining 20% can go into hybrid category. This gives balance and comfort.

» Regular Funds Over Direct Funds
One important point many investors miss. Direct funds look cheaper. But they demand deep knowledge, discipline, and behaviour control. Most investors lose more through emotional selling and wrong timing than they save on expense ratio.

With regular funds through a Mutual Fund Distributor with Certified Financial Planner qualification, you get guidance, structure and correction. The advisory discipline protects you during market extremes. That is more valuable than a small saving in expense ratio.

A personalised planner also tracks portfolio drift, rebalancing need and category shifts. So regular fund investing gives long-term benefit and behaviour coaching.

» Actively Managed Funds over Index or ETF
Some investors choose index funds or ETF thinking they are simple and cheap. But they ignore drawbacks.

Index funds or ETF will not avoid weak companies in the index. They will invest whether the company grows or struggles. There is no fund manager decision making. So when markets are at peak, index funds continue aggressive exposure. In downturns also they fall fully. There is no cushion.

Actively managed funds work with research teams. They can avoid bad sectors. They can shift allocation based on market and economy. Over long term, this gives better alpha and stability. So continuing with actively managed funds creates better wealth compounding.

» SIP Continuation Strategy
Once the rationalisation is done, continue SIPs every month without interruption. Pause and restart behaviour damages compounding power. SIP works best when you go through all market cycles. You benefit more during corrections because cost averaging works.

So continue SIP amount. You can also review SIP increase every year based on income. Increasing SIP by 10 to 15 percent every year helps you reach large corpus faster.

» Asset Allocation Based Approach
One key point in wealth creation is having the right asset mix. Equity gives growth. Hybrid gives balance. Metals give hedge. Debt gives safety. Your asset allocation should stay aligned to your risk profile and time horizon.

Since you are young and have long term horizon, higher equity allocation is fine. But as time moves, rebalancing is important. Rebalancing protects gains and restores allocation.

So review your asset allocation every year or during major life events like child birth, home buying or retirement planning.

» Behaviour Management
Many portfolios fail not due to bad funds. They fail due to bad decisions. Selling during correction. Stopping SIP when market falls. Chasing past return performance. These mistakes reduce wealth.

Your discipline so far is good. Continue to stay patient during volatility. Equity rewards patience and time.

» Financial Goals Clarity
Since you have no children now, you can decide your long-term goals. Typical goals may include:

Retirement

Future child education

Dream lifestyle purchase

Health care reserves

When goals are clear, investment purpose becomes stronger. So you can map each fund category to goal horizon. Short-term goals should not use equity. Long-term goals should use equity with hybrid support.

» Role of Review and Monitoring
Review once in a year is enough. Frequent review can create anxiety. Annual review helps check:

Fund performance

Expense drift

Category relevance

Allocation balance

Then adjust only if needed. This progress helps you stay confident and aligned.

» Taxation Awareness
Equity mutual funds taxation rules are:

Short term (below one year holding) taxable at 20 percent

Long term (above one year holding) gains above Rs 1.25 lakh taxable at 12.5 percent

Debt mutual funds are taxed as per your income slab.

So always hold equity funds for long term. That reduces tax impact and gives better growth.

» SIP Increase Plan
You can create a simple plan to increase SIP over time. For example:

Increase SIP at every salary increment

Increase SIP during bonus time

Use rewards or extra income for investing

This habit accelerates wealth. So by the time you reach 45 to 50 years, your investments could reach a strong level.

» Insurance and Protection
Before investing large, ensure you have term insurance and health insurance. If not already done, it is important. Insurance protects wealth. Without insurance, even a small medical event can impact investment plan. So review this part also. Since you are married, cover both.

» Wealth Behaviour Mindset
You are already disciplined. Just keep these simple principles:

Invest without stopping

Review once a year

Avoid funds overlap

Follow asset allocation

Avoid reacting to media noise

This helps you reach long term milestones.

» Finally
You are on the right track. Only fine tuning and simplification is needed. Your discipline is visible. Your portfolio will grow well with structure, patience and periodic review. Use the Rs 6 lakh with STP approach. And continue SIP with rationalised categories.

With time and consistency, wealth creation becomes effortless and peaceful. You just need to stay committed and avoid overthinking during market movements.

Best Regards,
K. Ramalingam, MBA, CFP,

Chief Financial Planner,

www.holisticinvestment.in

https://www.youtube.com/@HolisticInvestment

Radheshyam Zanwar |6736 Answers |Ask -Follow

MHT-CET, IIT-JEE, NEET-UG Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Asked by Anonymous - Dec 04, 2025Hindi

Career

Hello sir, i am a NEET aspirant and in 11th........but these past months i have left one coaching to join other but have not been able to accomodate so now i will be starting fresh and doing self study.....i want to go to afmc....pls guide me regarding everything....pls pls really urgent, would appreciate it.

Ans: Starting afresh in 11th class is completely fine, but initially focus on strong NCERT fundamentals for Physics, Chemistry, and Biology through daily self-study, consistent revision, and weekly mock tests. Aim for the NEET cutoff plus medical fitness standards for AFMC, build physical fitness alongside academics, and maintain discipline with a clear daily routine to stay on track. Usually, switching between coaching institutes is not recommended, but if there are serious issues with teachers, it's understandable to make a change. However, success does not solely depend on the coaching institute; dedicated studying is essential. Self-study with passion, consistency, completing the syllabus on time, extensive revision, and practising past papers are crucial for cracking the exam. If you have that strong desire, you can attempt NEET; otherwise, choose your path without hesitation. NEET is not the ultimate measure of success in life.

Good luck.
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Radheshyam

Radheshyam Zanwar |6736 Answers |Ask -Follow

MHT-CET, IIT-JEE, NEET-UG Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Question by Shriyansh - Dec 04, 2025Hindi

Career

I am aiming pec chd cse data science which on josaa shows to open at 16000 and closed at 19000 ews rank. How hard is to achieve this rank. Is it possible with boards prep? Do consider these are ews category ranks not crl rank , so any guess about crl and overall percentile?

Ans: Getting an EWS rank of 16k–19k is moderately tough and usually needs 90–93 percentile (90k–110k CRL), which is very difficult with only boards preparation and typically requires focused JEE-level practice. One should have a burning desire, dedicated motivation, and a target to achieve the goal. Without these parameters, not possible to achieve success in JEE. Hence, around 95% studentsare are unable to achieve the target of cracking the examination. From your question, it is not clear that where you are aiming for 2026 or 2027 examination.

Good luck.
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Radheshyam

Radheshyam Zanwar |6736 Answers |Ask -Follow

MHT-CET, IIT-JEE, NEET-UG Expert - Answered on Dec 06, 2025

Question by Amit - Dec 05, 2025Hindi

Career

My son while filling the application form for JEE Mains2026 , has inadvertently added the prefixes Mr. and Mrs. before his parents’ names. However, in both the Aadhaar card and the Matriculation certificate, the names of his parents appear without any prefixes. He missed to do the correction in the correction window timeline. Will he be allowed to sit in the exam and any challenge during JOSSA counselling, if yes, what is remedial action for this.?

Ans: Please do not worry. He will be allowed to appear for JEE Mains and will be allowed to participate in JoSAA counselling. Just submit an affidavit/self-declaration with Aadhaar and matric certificates during document verification to clarify the prefix discrepancy. Yet, recommended to fill the application form very carefully by taking the help of an expert. If NTA opens the correction windows once again, then try for the same. Keep a close eye on the NTA JEE site.

Good luck.
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Radheshyam

Dr Dipankar Dutta |1837 Answers |Ask -Follow

Tech Careers and Skill Development Expert - Answered on Dec 05, 2025

Question by Murari - Dec 05, 2025Hindi

Career

Dear Sir, I did my BTech from a normal engineering college not very famous. The teaching was not great and hence i did not study well. I tried my best to learn coding including all the technologies like html,css,javascript,react js,dba,php because i wanted to be a web developer But nothing seem to enter my head except html and css. I don't understand a language which has more complexities. Is it because of my lack of experience or not devoting enough time. I am not sure. I did many courses online and tried to do diplomas also abroad which i passed somehow. I recently joined android development course because i like apps but the teaching was so fast that i could not memorize anything. There was no time to even take notes down. During the course i did assignments and understood the code because i have to pass but after the course is over i tend to forget everything. I attempted a lot of interviews. Some of them i even got but could not perform well so they let me go. Now due to the AI booming and job markets in a bad shape i am re-thinking whether to keep studying or whether its just time waste. Since 3 years i am doing labour type of jobs which does not yield anything to me for survival and to pay my expenses. I have the quest to learn everything but as soon as i sit in front of the computer i listen to music or read something else. What should i do to stay more focused? What should i do to make myself believe confident. Is there still scope of IT in todays world? Kindly advise.

Ans: Your story does not show failure.
It shows persistence, effort, and desire to improve.

Most people give up.
You didn’t.
That means you will succeed — but with the right method, not the old one.

See more questions »

DISCLAIMER: The content of this post by the expert is the personal view of the rediffGURU. Investment in securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the related document carefully before investing. The securities quoted are for illustration only and are not recommendatory. Users are advised to pursue the information provided by the rediffGURU only as a source of information and as a point of reference and to rely on their own judgement when making a decision. RediffGURUS is an intermediary as per India's Information Technology Act.

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